Organizational Behaviours

This report discusses the impact of organizational culture, power, and policies on people and team performance. It evaluates the content and processes theories of motivation and motivational approaches in effective attainment of goals in an organizational relation. It also critically evaluates how to influence the behavior of other people with the effective application of behavioral motivation theories, concepts, and models. The report is based on Sainsbury, the second largest chain of supermarkets in the UK.

Organizational
Behaviours

Table of Content.
Table of Content............................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Impact of organizational culture, power and policies on people and team performance.......1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
P2 Evaluate how content and processes theories of motivation and motivational approaches,
access in effective attainment of goals in an organizational relation..........................................4
Critically evaluate how to influence the behaviour of other people with the effective
application of behavioural motivation theories, concept and model...........................................7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P3 Illustrate an understanding of what can establish an effective team, as opposition to an
ineffective team...........................................................................................................................7
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10
P4 Concept and philosophies of organization behaviour..........................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
The organizational behaviour is help identify the impact f the environmental as well as
social factors that effect the manner of the employees and team work. This manner of the
employees is assisting in the interact, communicate and collaborate to an organization success.
These are assist in the achieving the goals and increasing the performance and the productivity of
the organisation. These are also help in the boosting the workers satisfaction, motivation.
Increase decision making as well as facilitate good cross-team collaboration. The organizational
behaviour are studied in several business administration programs, research as well as applied by
the various business roles such as organizational management experts. This is used to identify
the several aspects which are associated with the working performance of employees and also
assist the organization to build the strong brand in the market. The report is based on Sainsbury,
which is the second largest chain of supermarkets in the UK with 14.9% shares of the
supermarket sector. The Sainsbury is founded by the John James Sainsbury, in 1869 with a shop
present in Drury Lane, London. They are dealing their groceries for 20th country. The
headquarter of the organisation is situated in London, England, United Kingdom. The report is
includes the major impact of culture, politics as well as power within the establishment and
consider the several philosophies as well as motivational theories which are associated with the
organizational behaviour (Guzman and Espejo, 2019).
TASK 1
P1 Impact of organizational culture, power and policies on people and team performance
The organizational culture is plays a significant role in the shared standard as well as
attitudes that are work as a homogenising factors for an establishment's workers and gets
appropriated by them. The organizational culture is responsible if the sharing assumptions,
value-belief-norms that governs the behaviour of the workers within the organisation. These
have both positiver or negative impact on the performance of the organisation.
Influence of power on individual and team:
The power is assist in the transform the employees psychologically, shapes their,
behaviours as well as increase an ensuring effect on workers status as well as help with
teammates. These are also improving the behaviour without using such tactics to increase the
actions with in the workplace. The workers and team members are highly affected with the
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giving the power or authority to an individual for taking the decisions in the premises. In relation
to Sainsbury, these are some theories are being used by the organization which are explained as:
Coercive power: this is the capabilities of the supervisor to force an employee to follow
an order by threatening the employees with punishment if the employees does not comply with
the order. In relation to Sainsbury, the power is given to the manager as well as supervisor which
are taking the part in the ensuing the effectiveness of the working of each employee (Arshad and
et. al., 2021).
Legitimate power: This is the formal right which are given out the directions as well as
commands due to their social positioning and this is the formal type power. This power is
coming when the workers in the organization recognize the authority of the employees. In
context to Sainsbury, the workers are priorities things like innovation, automation or building out
digital capabilities.
Expert power: The expert power is referring as the personal experiences, skills as well
as knowledge. These are achieving the experiences in particular areas and become thought leader
in those areas. In context to Sainsbury, it is providing the abilities to the individual to determines
the workers at all level of establishment. This is also help to determine the growth as well as
development of the organisation.
Referent power: This power is referring as the being trusted and respected and also
determines effect of behaviour of the employees on organization. The Sainsbury is giving the
power to the leader as well as supervisor so that they can determines the employees for good
performance.
Informational power: This power is being determined by the employees having the
abilities to access the information which are associated to the financial reports. In context to
Sainsbury, these are given the power to the supervisor or managers of the organisation which are
assist in the showing the brand image of the organization.
Reward power: The reward power is the formal power which are given to the leader or
manager to give out rewards to other workers (Majlesi Ardehjani and et. al., 2018).
Influence of politics on individual and team:
The politics is explained as the irrational behaviour of the individuals at the work
premises for the benefits which are not control by any senior manager. The politics are decrease
the output of employees and also affect the productivity of the organization. There are several
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aspects which are assist in the determination of politics in context to Sainsbury on employees or
team are explained as:
Decrease in the productivity: The politics give the negative impact on the on
determining the working environment in the establishment and this can decrease the outputs of
an organization and eventually affects the productivity of the organization.
Spoils the working environment: The politics may give the negative environment at the
work place. This is spoiling the relationship amongst employees and employees playing at the
organization is disliked by the all.
Variation in attitude of employees: The politics can change the workers attitude and
serious employees lose interest in work as well as attend organization just for the sake of it. The
internal politics is not allowing the individual to give their hundred percent at work (Salman
Chughtai and Ali Shah, 2020).
Influence of culture in individual and team
The culture is a major aspect which can impact on the value of the venture. The
organisational culture of Sainsbury is built by the effective contribution of the employees. The
culture of the organisation is being determined by the help of Handy's cultural typology model
and this is divided in the four parts:
Power: There are is a factor that associated with the centralised control within the
operational areas of the Sainsbury and these are work on the large scales. The power provides the
authority to monitor their workers which can assist in the increasing the performance as well as
productivity of the organisation. The employees are following this culture and have all power in
hands of top level of management. The managers and supervisor have authority to make the
decision.
Role culture: the role culture is a culture where every employee is delegated role as well
as responsibilities according to their specialization and their interest. In this culture the
employees are making the decision for the best. The Sainsbury is follow these culture and the
every employee is accountable for something or the other and has you take ownership of the
work which are assigned to him.
Person culture: There are some organizations where the workers feel that they are more
significant than their organization. If the Sainsbury is following this culture, then the workers are
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more concern about their personal works rather than the organisation. These are showing the
abilities to motivate the other employees within the working premises.
Task culture: The task culture is assisting in the increasing the motivation of the workers
which are associated with the achieving the specific goals of the organization. This culture is
followed by the Sainsbury which are assisting in the achieving the targets and as well as solve
the critical problems in the organization (Stevenson and et. al., 2020).
TASK 2
P2 Evaluate how content and processes theories of motivation and motivational approaches,
access in effective attainment of goals in an organizational relation
Content theory of motivation: The content theory is basically is aimed on the
significance of the human needs as well as wants. It is a common threat through all of them is
that individual have a variety of needs. The Sainsbury is use these theories which are plays a
significant role in the increasing the performance of the organization. There are some content
theory are explained as:
Maslow's theory of motivation: This theory is represent on the shape of pyramid with the
largest, most fundamental needs at the bottom and the need for self actualization at the top this
needs are considers the psychological needs, safety needs, love as well as belonging needs,
esteem needs and the last one is self-actualisation needs. In relation to the Sainsbury, they are
approach the several needs of the employees which are mentioned as:
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 Psychological needs: These are the physical requirements which are essential for the
human survival. The physiological needs are including the breathing, watwer, food, sleep,
clothing as well as shelter.
 Safety needs: The safety needs are essential for the protection from the violence and
theft, health and well-being as well as safety needs against the accident or illness.
 Love and belongings need: This is the third level of the human needs and these are the
interpersonal and associated with the feelings of belongingness. These provide the
stability in human life which are associated with the human trust, faith and believe.
 Self-esteem: The self-esteem needs are the associated with the ego needs or status needs
which are associated with the getting recognition, status, importance as well as respect
from others in the organisation (SOPIAH, and et. al., 2021).
 Self-actualisation: The self-actualization is explained as the person's need to increase
their potentiality and increase the motivation of person to complete the every task in
effective manner.
The Sainsbury is using this theory which is associated with the fulfilling the needs and increasing
the strength as well as confidence in the employees which are assist in the increasing the overall
productivity as well as performance of the organisation.
Herzberg's two-factor theory of motivation: These are affect the overall all
performance as well as productivity of the organization. The main aim of this theory is provide
the job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction of the employees and these have two aspects which
are associated employees motivation and these are explained as:
Hygiene factors: the hygiene factor is provide the satisfaction and motivate them. These
are includes the supervisor, work schedule, organization policies, working conditions, security as
well as pay level.
Motivation factor: The motivation factor is associated with the key element that
motivate employees to stay and grow in a role. When these needs are not fulfilled, the project
team may become dissatisfied with their job. The are also want the more challenging role that are
associated with the professionally growing, learning new skills and manager more
responsibilities.
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This theory is used for the provide the satisfaction to employees and these both factors
are motivates them for achieving the aim and objectives of the Sainsbury which are essential for
the development as well as growth of the organization.
Process theory of motivation: The process theory of motivation is refer as a cognitive rational
process as well as concentrate on the psychological and behavioural processes that motivates an
individual. This theory is associated with the employees needs and drive their behaviour. In
relation to Sainsbury, this motivation theory is explained as:
Process theory of motivation: This is a motivational theory which is explained as the
changes which are associated with the changes of needs in context to individual mindset. These
are influencing the employees for achieving the objectives and goals of the organizations. These
theory is help in the evaluation of skills, experiences as well as abilities and the knowledge for
achieving the objectives and goals of organization. These aspects are influences the overall
performance of the workers as well as employees. This the consider some motivation which are
expectancy, valence and instrumentality. The expectancy is dealing with the working of the
worker and also help in the determination of the right job and resources for employees. The
instrumentality is explained the productivity is depend on the better working which can increase
the productivity (Kent and Martinko, 2018). The valance is generally associated with the rewards
and after conducting the activity that can assist the individual for gaining the desirable outcomes.
The Sainsbury is used this theory for increasing the complete performance according to the
workers efforts.
Goal-setting theory: In relation to this theory, the goal-setting is plays a significant role in the
performing the task. This is refers to particular as well as challenging goals along with the
suitable feedback contribute to higher as well as batter task performance. This is motivates the
workers to achieve the organisation objectives as well as goals and working on the different
environment. There are some aspects which are influence the outcomes. The self-sufficiency is
one of the aspects which are explains the potential of the employees and associated with the
performance which is depend on the confidence, belief etc. The another aspect is Goal
commitment which is refers as the determination of the dedication of the worker to achieve the
objectives and targets of the organisation. The Sainsbury is used this theory to achieve the
organisation aims as well as objectives which are essential for the success and better results for
organization (Bobina and Sabotinova, 2022).
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Critically evaluate how to influence the behaviour of other people with the effective application
of behavioural motivation theories, concept and model
In relational to Sainsbury, these are using the Maslow's theory of motivation as well as
vroom expectancy theory to motivates the employees. The Maslow's theory are assisting in the
determination of requirements of the workers to fulfil them. O the other hand the Vroom theory
is deals with the last outcomes as well as over all productivity rate and the performance of the
organisation. These are also help to the employees to get the suitable rewards as per their efforts
and they have the efficient reach to the aim of the organization (Naqvi, 2020).
TASK 3
P3 Illustrate an understanding of what can establish an effective team, as opposition to an
ineffective team
Effective team: The term team is explained as a group of employees who are working together
for achieving to achieving the goals, targets as well as objectives of the organization and
employee. The effective team is explained as the ability of team which are refer to the attaining
the targets on the suitable manner (Yang and et. al., 2020). This is also developing in which the
individual has the strong evaluation among the team members who are working together.
Characteristics of effective team:
There are several concepts that are help in the determination of the effective team and
these are mentioned as:
More focused: The all employees of the team members which are decided for achieving
the targets with the sole aim of the organisation to increase the outcomes.
`Clear goals: The effective team members have the same as well as clear goal and all of
then are working together for achieving the organizational goals.
Communication: This is the important approaches and help in the communicate openly
with each other, sharing their thoughts or ideas and opinion to the other members as well as these
are also taking the consideration whit the other have to say (Abbas and et. al., 2022).
Factor that affecting effective team:
Clear roles and responsibilities: The effective team members and the individual have
the easy mission by which every workers is known with their duties as well as activity to be
performed as well as in such manner all the duties can be form the effective team.
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Leadership: The supervisor is must be clear with the such goals as well as rightly trained
their workers and these are also responsible for the motivate them for effective working.
Clear objectives: This term is also refers as the each organisation have the particular
clear goals by which the team can be formed and they are working together for achieving the
same goals.
Ineffective team:
The ineffective team is formed by the employees who are not mix well in the team and
not have the essential skills to perform the variety of work. These conditions are decrease the
productivity and the performance of the organization.
Characteristic of ineffective team:
There are several aspects which are influence the ineffective team and these are
mentioned as:
Lack of trust and believe: The ineffective team may leads to have the lack of trust and
believes within the working place (Nadeem, Zia-ud-Din and Zubair, 2018).
Lack of effective communication: The miscommunication is a major aspect that may
lead in the building of ineffective team. These are create a stressful environment where workers
are not motivate to be productive and not inspired to collaborate.
Aspects if ineffective team:
Poor time management: when the workers are not manage their time it can lead the
decrease the team outcomes as well as delay in achieving the tasks.
Ineffective interaction: The in effective interaction is cause by the less communication
in the team members. These also decrease the organization’s outcome.
Belbin theory: According to the Belbin, a team is filled with members that have similar
styles of behaviour or team role can become unbalanced. The Belbin theory is applied on team
and assist in create a more balance team as well as identify opportunities for growth based on the
team role. These are help in the development of the understanding of role of employees within
team and that can increase the contribution buy increasing in the strengths or minimize the
weaknesses. The Belbin team roles have the several roles of the teams that are being performed
by the employees and increase the batter performance of the team (Gordon, Jorge and Rafael,
2021). There are several Belbin team roles which are mentioned as:
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These Belbin teams roles are the description of the job duties that falls onto three broad
categories which are includes thought-oriented roles, action-oriented roles as well as people-
oriented roles. The each and every role of the team member can play may assist you to work
more efficiently as a team such as the monitor evaluator, specialist, plant, shaper, implementer,
completer, coordinator, team workers as well as resource investigator (Sidin, Basman and
Anggraeni, 2020).
TASK 4
P4 Concept and philosophies of organization behaviour
Path goal theory of leaderships: This theory is associated with the management of the
organization and this theory is based on specifying the leader’s style or behaviours that best
fits the workers and the working environments in order to achieve the goals as well as
objectives. There are some aspects that are assist in the receiving the set aims as well as
objectives (Acadia, 2020).
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This theory is assisting the Sainsbury in determination of the qualities as well as the
working pattern of the employees that are also plays a significant role in the improve the overall
performance of the organization. This theory is also assisting in the identification of the abilities
of the workers that also make easy for the workers as well as organization also. This is also
improving the decision making of the workers. Sainsbury can identify the participative
leadership behaviours that are assisting them to have feedbacks as well as suggestions from their
employees and making the effective decisions (Blake and Gano-an, 2020).
Classification of path goal theory:
Employees characteristics: The employees interpret their leader’s behaviours which are
based on their needs, affiliation, perceived level of ability and desire for control. In context to
Sainsbury, the supervisor must identify the several aspects as well as meet the needs in specific
time period which are helps in the increasing the worker’s behaviours.
Task and environment characteristics: Overcoming the obstacles is a main target of
the path-goal theory. If an obstacle becomes too strong, then the leader needs to step in and assist
the workers on a path to work around it (Schneider and Bowen, 2019). In relation to Sainsbury, the
supervisor of the organization must take a survey of the working premises for the determination
of the needs of the activities.
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Leadership style: the leadership behaviour is to assist the supervisor or leaders in
guiding as well as monitoring the employees of the organization. There are some leadership style
which are which are used to guide the employees and these are mentioned as:
Participative style: The leader is consults with his followers before making a decision on
how to proceed. It is the most effective and subordinates are highly trained as well as involved
with their works.
Directive style: There are leaders directs the workers for performing their tasks,
scheduling as well as coordinating the work. It is most effective when employees are unsure
about the tasks or when there is lots of uncertainty within the working environment (Dai and et.
al., 2018).
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion it has been concluded that the all off the performance as well
as productivity of the organization is generally depends on the behaviour as well as the working
of the employees. This is also include some motivational theories which are plays the significant
role in the attaining the all objectives and goals for organization. The motivation of the
employees can be done by the allying such theories and these theories are considers the Maslow's
theory, Vroom expectancy theory of motivation. There are also explain the team working and
aspects that affects the team working and the team working is associated with the effectively
achieving the goals and increasing the outcomes of organization.
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REFERENCES
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Motivational factors: Workers gets the motivations when the company's goal and objectives are
being properly defined. This also helps in understanding the roles and duties of the them. With
this, they also give the maximum contribution for attaining the goals and objectives of the
company by getting the support from the administration and eliminating obstacles.
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