Organizational Development and Change - TQM and Lean Production

Running head: ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE
Organizational Development and Change
Name of the Student
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Introduction
The essay throws light in analysing the implications of the organizational change
which plays a vital role in managing the different strategies of the company appropriately.
The organizational change is regarding the process of changing the processes, strategies
along with tactics of the companies for increasing the morale of the employees. In the essay,
there will be critical evaluation of the effectiveness of the two change models which include
the Total Quality Management along with Lean Production in two different industries which
are namely manufacturing and service industries.
The essay will be exploring the contention of TQM and Lean Production are highly
useful for both the industries (service and manufacturing) as they are capable of generating
success and it will be helping the business in establishing effectiveness. The main aim and
purpose of the respective essay is to identify the different kinds of advantages and the
shortcomings of the TQM and Lean Production in both manufacturing and service sectors
which will be efficient in gaining competitiveness in the market in comparison to the other.
The scope of the essay is to understand the usefulness and the implications of the two change
tools in the respective sectors and the aspects which will not be covered in the essay includes
the entire theoretical framework detailing.
Discussion
Introduction and Definition of Total Quality Management and how it Works
As commented by Chen, S.H., Hsu, C.C. and Wu (2017, 20), the total quality
management helps in describing the management approach towards the long-term success
with the help of the customer related satisfaction. In the effort of the TQM, all the members
of the company help in participating in improving the overall processes, products, services
along with the culture in which they work. The TQM can be summarized as the management

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related system which is mainly focused on the customers and it includes the different
employees in the continual improvement.
As commented by Halim Lim et al. (2017, 188), the TQM works as the continual process
of detecting as well as reducing the different errors in the manufacturing or other sector,
streamlining the overall supply chain along with improving experience of the customers
effectively. TQM can be having the effective impact on the organizational change along with
development which will be leading to the success. The different organizations need to
establish as well as uphold the cultural values which will be playing efficient role in gaining
success for the company as a whole.
The main objective of TQM is to eliminate the wastage as well as increase the overall
efficiency which will be capable of ensuring the fact that process of production is being
performed at the right and appropriate time. The TQM will be leading to the proper creation
of the cross-functional teams as well as sharing of knowledge that will be enhancing the
growth of the companies operating in different sectors.
Introduction and Definition of Lean Production and how it Works
As opined by Huang, Lee and Chen (2019, 1465), the lean production is considered to
be the approach to the overall management which mainly focuses on the cutting off the
wastage and ensuring the supreme quality of the different products as well as services. The
respective approach can be applied in different business-related aspects which includes
design, production to distribution as well. The main aim of the lean production aims in
cutting the costs through making the business efficient as well as responsive towards the
market related needs.
As described by Jusoh et al. (2018, 400), the main work and purpose of lean production
is to increase the value of the different products which are being delivered to the customers

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for solving the problems of the different customers. The achievement of the respective aim
will be assisting in improving the effectiveness and competitiveness of the companies
through reduction of the costs successfully. Lean mainly puts emphasis on meeting the
different demands of customers with the help of fewer resources and it will be enhancing the
growth patterns of the company successfully. The ultimate goal of the lean production is
providing the perfect value to the different customers through perfect value process of
creation which has zero level of wastage.
Introduce as well as define characteristics of different companies who manufacture
goods and companies who provide services. Analysis of Similarities and differences
The two companies which have been selected in the respective section includes Grab
(Service Provider) and Flex Ltd (Manufacturing). In case of Grab, it falls under the service
industry as it is the Singapore based ridesharing company and moreover, it offers the food
delivery along with digital payment services through the mobile application. There are
different services provided by the company to the customers such as peer to peer ridesharing
as well as food delivery applications (Grab.com.sg 2020).
On the other hand, Flex Ltd is Singaporean domiciled multinational technological
manufacturer which is headquartered at Singapore (Flex.com 2020). The respective
organization manufactures different kinds of electrical devices and equipment such as
Television along with other products and sell the same directly to customers or the other
retail companies. From the analysis of the service and manufacturing companies, it can be
seen that both the companies are delivering the output to the customers or the business in a
direct or indirect manner.
On the other hand, the differences are many wherein the first is the tangibility related
to the output. As commented by Keinan and Karugu (2018, 99), the output of the service firm