Osteoarthritis: Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Evidence-Based Treatment

Running Head: OSTEOARTHRITIS
0
Osteoarthritis
Essay
student

OSTEOARTHRITIS
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Table of Contents
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................2
Knowledge and discussion......................................................................................................................2
Pathophysiology..................................................................................................................................2
Clinical manifestations........................................................................................................................3
Evidence-based treatment....................................................................................................................3
Nursing process.......................................................................................................................................4
Application of nursing process................................................................................................................5
Holistic consideration..............................................................................................................................8
Conclusion...................................................................................................................................................8
References.................................................................................................................................................10

OSTEOARTHRITIS
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Introduction
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common chronic joint condition. With OA, the cartilage
of bone disrupts down, triggering the bones contained by the joint to rub with each other. This
may lead to pain, stiffness, and other related symptoms. OA arises most frequently in older
individuals, though it can happen in grown-ups of any age (Bombelli, 2012). As discussed in the
case study Mrs Halpern is had total hip arthroplasty and had a history of osteoarthritis and
obesity. In this particular assessment report the pathophysiology, clinical manifestation, and
evidence-based treatment will be discussed. The understanding of the nursing process in this case
and the application of the nursing process and the holistic considerations will also be mentioned.
Knowledge and discussion
Pathophysiology
Osteoarthritis is traditionally considered a wear and tear disorder that caused as people
age. The pathogenesis of this health conditions includes the degradation of the bone cartilages
and remodeling of the bones because of an active reaction of chondrocytes present in the
articular cartilage and the also the inflammatory body cells in the nearby tissues. The enzyme
released from these Cartilages breakdown the collagen and proteoglycans, terminating the
articular cartilage of bones. The experience of the fundamental subchondral bones leads to
sclerosis and reactive remodeling alterations those results in the creation of the osteophytes and
cysts of bones (Vincent, Conrad, Fregly, & Vincent, 2012).

OSTEOARTHRITIS
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Clinical manifestations
Osteoarthritis commonly affects the small joints of the hips, feet, keens, and hands. The
patients usually experience insidious, long lasting and gradually worsening symptoms that
relieved by rest. Long lasting OA might lead to deformity and the decreased variety of
movement (Bijlsma, Berenbaum, & Lafeber, 2011). Signs of OA involves localized enlargement
also called joint effusion, joint malalignment, crepitus, fixed deformity, and muscle wasting. As
mentioned in the case study Mrs Rose has also been experiencing the symptoms of OA such as
increased weight, pain in the hip, and facing difficulty to mobilize and doing activities of daily
lives (Felson, 2009).
Evidence-based treatment
There are different types of treatment options are available that can be helpful in the case
of Mrs Rose such as conservative methods, medical treatments, and surgical treatments. In all
type of treatments, nurses play a key role in the successful implementations of the treatment
strategies. The nursing process plays an important role in providing quality health care to the
patient (Broyles, et al., 2017).
Medical treatment
The usual analgesics and the topical NSAID, Cymbalta, and corticosteroids are
considered as the frontline medicinal management of this health condition along with the
conservative measures (Brown, Edwards, Seaton, & Buckley, 2015). It has been recommended
to use the intra-articular steroid injections instead of oral analgesics for the successful treatment
(Roubille, Martel-Pelletier, & Pelletier, 2013). These medicines can be helpful in the case of Mrs
Rose to reduce her pain, although the patient has also been prescribed with IV antibiotic