Ozone and Particulate Matter: Sources, Impact and Control Measures

Running head: OZONE AND PARTICULATE MATTER
OZONE AND PARTICULATE MATTER
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1OZONE AND PARTICULTE MATTER
Executive Summary
The report presents a critical analysis of the major air pollutants focusing on the ozone and
particulate matter, their sources of generation and the impact it has on the human health and
plants. The study also discusses about the adequate measures that can be taken to address the
plaguing situation. The aim of the report is to discuss the ozone as a substance which is both
good and bad for the environment depending on its quantity of presence. The study also
establishes a clear understanding of the air pollutants as a major trigger factor in global warming
and climate change. Lastly, the analysis also suggests suitable measures to be undertaken in
order to combat the air pollution with an enhance zeal and enthusiasm.
Table of Contents

2OZONE AND PARTICULTE MATTER
Introduction......................................................................................................................................4
Ozone...............................................................................................................................................4
Ozone as a oxidizing agent..........................................................................................................5
Ozone layer..................................................................................................................................5
Sources of Ozone.............................................................................................................................6
Impact of Ozone..............................................................................................................................6
Impact on Human health..............................................................................................................6
Impact on plants...........................................................................................................................7
Particulate Matter.............................................................................................................................7
Formation of Particulate Matter...................................................................................................8
Sources of Particulate matter...........................................................................................................9
Impact of Particulate matter.............................................................................................................9
Impact on human health...............................................................................................................9
Impact on Plants........................................................................................................................10
Control of Particulate Matter.........................................................................................................10
Measures to combat Air Pollution.................................................................................................11
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................12
References......................................................................................................................................13

3OZONE AND PARTICULTE MATTER
Introduction
Air pollutants are the extremely harmful substances whose presence in the air leads to
deterioration of the air quality. These substances includes particulate matter like carbon soot
from vehicular emission, burning of the fossil fuels, industrial emissions contain toxic gases like
sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide form the toxic
pollutants. These pollutants are toxic in nature and are major causes of air pollution. Air
pollution can be explained as the existence of toxic chemical compounds in the air whose excess
in the air poses serious health hazards to living beings. It can be extremely detrimental to plants,
animals, microorganisms as well as human beings. Some major chemical substances like
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) aggravates the air quality and leads to depletion of ozone layer
(Bolaji and Huan 2013). These are odorless chemical compounds which are in aerosols,
refrigerators, air conditioners, foam food packaging, and fire extinguishers. Due to its hazardous
effects Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) has been banned since 1996. These toxic pollutants get
released from the massive exploitation on the limited non-renewable resources like exploration
of mines, thermal power plants, and combustion of coal in the industries. The renewable sources
of energy like sunlight, waves and tidal energy, geo-thermal energy, hydropower, biomass
energy has proved to store massive potential energy which can cut down on toxic pollutants
exponentially. However, these alternative sources are more expensive as they demand cross-
cutting technologies to tap its energy. Further, it will also require installation of newer industries
or structural changes in the existing industries to develop and assimilate to newer technologies.
Therefore, the whole process is time consuming however, bring a paradigm shift in controlling
pollution from large point of sources. The other method can be to integrate greener technologies