Leadership and Management Concepts: Role of Managers and Leaders in Tesco

This report discusses the difference between the role of managers and leaders, theories and models of leadership, and the characteristics of managers and leaders. It focuses on the case of Tesco, a British multinational retailer, and how its managers and leaders contribute to the smooth functioning of the organization. The report also explores the application of leadership and management in various situational contexts and provides recommendations for Tesco's managers and leaders.

Part 1 Leadership and Management Concepts Part 2 Leaders and Operations
Management

INTRODUCTION
Leadership is known as the process by which a senior executive is able to direct, guide
and influence behaviour and work of others towards achieving of particular objectives and goals
within a given situation. Management is defined as the administration of organisation or business
for performing several activities. Both leaders and managers are important for the organisation as
they have the responsibility to ensure smooth functioning of business operations. The following
report consists of two parts. The first part includes report which covers difference between role
of managers and leaders, theories and model of leadership and difference in characteristics of
managers and leaders (Bush, 2019). The company considered in this report is Tesco . This is a
British multinational groceries and general merchandise retailer. The headquarters of Tesco are
located in Welwyn Garden, England. This is the third largest retailer in terms of revenue.
ACTIVITY 1
TASK 1
P1
Management is involved in demonstrating the managing activity of the organisation
effectiveness in the profit as well as non profit organisation. This helps in enhancing strategy for
the proper coordination and accomplishing objectives by the availability of resources. On the
other hand, leadership is defined as approach for encompassing the company for ability of whole
organisation ((Bush, Bell, and Middlewood, eds., 2019)). Leadership helps in providing results
for guiding and motivating workers for accomplishing organisational goals and objectives.
Managers – These are known as individuals within an organisation who is responsible
for designing and managing work of company. The main task of manager is to develop and
establish appropriate strategies and policies for planning employee functioning. Managers are
given particular departments to manage functioning of that function.
Leaders – These are individuals who are responsible for making employees to do their
work. Main role of leaders is to motivate employees through leadership and communication
skills. The main objective of leaders is to inspire employees for performing excellently.
Difference between manager and leader
The role of managers and leader is sometimes considered as same. But it is different
when it comes to managerial role. Both these have different roles and responsibilities. Within

Tesco, there are various leaders and managers who work within Tesco and this is important that
they are working effectively in the organisation. The difference between managers and leaders
is listed below -
Managers Leaders
 The managers of Tesco have to set
goals and objectives of the company.
These are basically based on increasing
the sales and profit of the company.
 These communicate policies to leaders.
 Managers of Tesco provide directions
to groups (Connolly, James, and
Fertig, 2019).
 Managers provide ideas for betterment
of the company.
 The major role of managers is to plan
different functions within the
organisation.
 These persuade objectives made by
managers.
 Leaders are responsible for
communicating instructions to the
subordinates and making them work
according to the policy and rules of the
company.
 Leaders are responsible for providing
directions to team members.
 Leaders are responsible for
implementing these ideas into reality.
 Leaders have major role for inspiring
employees to work.
In context of Tesco, this company is involved in providing quality products and services
to customers. Management of this organisation is efficient as the strategies developed by the
company helps in increasing productivity. The functions of managers and role of leaders within
the organisation is mentioned below -
Planning – The main function of Tesco managers is planning and setting goals of the
organisation that will help in increasing sales and revenue. Strategies developed by Tesco
managers are Kaizen. By using the Kaizen process, it is easy for the company to improve the
way in which products are produced. Managers and leaders have the responsibility for guiding
employees to do their work in an effective manner.
Organising - Tesco managers make proper use of the resources used in the company.
This helps in managing and organising various business activities in a way that there is no

wastage of time and money. The role of leaders is to allocate resources and motivate workers
for attaining goals.
Directing – The managers of Tesco direct the tasks that are performed by employees.
Leaders are responsible for developing and creating teams and directing them how to accomplish
different tasks.
Difference between characteristics of managers and leaders
Basis Managers Leaders
Role These are individuals who
perform different business
operations through planning,
staffing, directing, etc.
Leader is an individual who is
responsible for guiding and
making way for performing
actions in an effective manner.
Risk taking Managers are known as risk
avoiders. They are responsible
for performing business tasks
and activities in specified
benchmark.
Leaders are responsible for
taking risks and providing
effective services.
Opportunity to employees Managers are not able to
provide opportunities to
employees for making
innovative and new ideas.
Leaders give chance to
subordinates to come with new
and innovative ideas.
Resistance to change Managers of Tesco resist to set
benchmarks and standards.
Leaders promote changes and
they come up with innovative
ways for performing tasks
effectively.

TASK 2
TASK 2
P2 How role of leader and function of manager apply in various situational context
Managers and leaders have different functions and roles which are implemented and
carried for achieving the objectives of the organisation (Daniëls, Hondeghem, and Dochy,
2019). Leadership is an important factor that helps organisations to manage and tackle different
business situations. There are different situations focusing on effectiveness of company and these
include concept of detailed activity of the results. This enhances three type of different situation
listed below -
Stable situation - This is a situation in which organisation is not going to undergo any
further change which will impact purpose of the organisation. For instance, if within the market
there is no change due to inflation, recession or deflation, market is uniform and there is no
affect on the organisation's functioning.
Slow to moderate changing situation – Competition is not affected with the
circumstances and lower to the results while the change that affects the organisational purposes.
For instance, if within the market, the rate of inflation increase then the change in the situations
is manageable. This affects organisational outputs.
Rapid transforming situation – This type of situation is presently expeditious in changes
that are being included in the purpose of organisation. This is explained by an example that
investors are going to be affected majorly with the changes in the dynamics in the stick market.
Leadership styles Directive style – According to this style, it is helpful for supporting the managerial
activity (Hallinger, and Hammad, 2019). This includes setting clear objectives and
aims. This includes ensuring that the expectations and directions are clearly defined. Such
type of leaders provide direction and guidance to employees and workers. Supportive style – This type of leader attempts for reducing employee stress and
frustration at workplace. This is an effective method when task provided to workers is
tedious or stressful.
 Participative style – This is a managerial style which invites input from employees for
making decisions of the organisation.

The Tesco managers have adopted participative leadership style within the company. The
management and leadership style of Tesco has undergone various factors that reflects achieving
desired results in appropriate manner.
Role of leader and manager in conflict management
The leaders have to assign the task to the employees that they have to follow the
regulations and rules given for increasing the bond shared with employees. Managers ensures
that teams working under them are have no conflicts and fights. They have to provide positive
environment for working so that employees can work in proper manner.
Role of leader and manager in launching new product
When launching the new product in market, the leaders of Tesco provide the guidance
that there must be effective and strong strategies that will help in reaching the potential
customers. The managers develop effective and strong strategies that can help in attracting more
number of customers towards new product and service.
P3 Different theories and model of leadership
There are different type of leadership theories that are followed by the organisations.
Some of the theories are mentioned below -
Situational leadership theory – This theory is practised by Paul Hersey and Ken
Blanchard. This theory is about the conduct of activities by the employees which is reflected in
their behaviour and working of staff. It is known as the lifecycle theory (Hassi, 2019). This
leadership works on the basis of effectiveness of method. Tesco is adopting this type of
leadership theory by evaluating different situations for recommending different actions.
Product/Service Launch - The launch of new product will provide good profits to the company.
The leaders and managers will aim to adopt the best marketing strategy for attracting
customers.
Conflict management – This is an important factor which will help in managing positive
environment at workplace. This helps in making employees feel more motivated and they
will attain organisational goals in specified time frame.
System theory – According to this theory, leaders of the organisation have make the
employees comfortable by developing atmosphere which can help them work efficiently.
According to this theory, there are different departments assigned for doing various activities and

tasks. The different departments of Tesco are marketing, sales, human resource, finance, health
and safety etc. and all these department work collaboratively for achieving organisational goals.
Product/Service Launch - There is a proper process followed by leaders and managers while
launching new product or service of tesco within market.
Conflict management – The system leaders creates a different team that will only focus on
managing different issues of fights and conflicts among employees.
Fiedler's Contingency theory: This is a model which basically deals with three major
variables such as Structure of work, employee relationship and Leader's Power. If there is any
variation in appropriateness in these style of leadership which are basically of two types Task
orientation and Leadership Orientation (Leithwood, Harris, and Hopkins, 2019). Task
orientation will be applied in Tesco when focus is on the type of work and the way it is being
executed. Leadership orientation will be used when leadership style is focused for making
employees to work in appropriate manner.
Product/Service Launch – These leaders have a structure to use their power and do their job role
in best effective manner. In product launch, these managers use strategies for launching
product or service effectively.
Conflict management – The managing of conflict is helpful for the company to provide good
environment that will help in attaining success. Conflicts and fights demotivate employees
and thus, they are able to achieve the goals in specified time.
ACTIVITY 2
TASK 3 (covered in ppt)
P4 & P5
TASK 4 (covered in ppt)
P6

Conclusion
From the above discussion, it is concluded that leadership and management are two
important factors that play a vital part in achieving organisational goals and objectives. There are
various leadership styles used by managers and leaders to handle different business situations
effectively. It is necessary for leaders to provide good environment to employees so that they can
work effectively.
Recommendation
There are various recommendations made for the managers and leaders of Tesco and
these are listed below -
 Tesco leaders and managers should manage conflicts and fights within workplace by
adopting the most suitable leadership style.
 There are different key approaches like Total quality management and Kaizen that must
be used effectively in the organisation. This will help in minimising costs and providing
good products to customers.
 Tesco managers must make effective decisions for doing operations in effective manner.

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