patient safety nd human factor

Patient Safety And
Human Factor

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
BACKGROUND.............................................................................................................................4
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY.......................................................................................................7
AIM OF THE PROJECT.................................................................................................................8
EVIDENCE .....................................................................................................................................8
THEORETICAL OVERVIEW........................................................................................................9
PROJECT BUDGET.....................................................................................................................11
PROJECT PLAN...........................................................................................................................11
GANTT CHART...........................................................................................................................12
PROJECT RISK.............................................................................................................................14
PREVENTABLE RISK.................................................................................................................14
LEADERSHIP APPROACH ........................................................................................................15
CHANGE MANAGEMENT APPROACH ..................................................................................17
FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS.........................................................................................................21
EVALUATION..............................................................................................................................21
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................21
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................22

INTRODUCTION
Patient safety refers to set of practices which helps to eliminate or reduce clinical errors
during period of treatment. It includes the criterion of reducing various risky and hazardous
factors in order to make sure about patient safety. However, it is necessary for care professionals
to followed required policies and practices while dealing with a patient in hospitals. It has been
analysed that medical practitioners has a responsibility to ensure about maintaining safety of
people gaining treatment in care institutions (St Pierre, Hofinger and Simon, 2016). It is
necessary for staff members to put efforts for evaluating risk factors and take effective
precautions to relieving hazards. Meanwhile, it is necessary for professionals to remain very
careful and work with proper focus while using electronic equipments and objects. There are
various sharp objects which are used in clinical procedures then they should be used in
appropriate manner. It will provide support to save patient from harm or injury because a small
clinical mistake may develop a major health problem for an individual. There are various kinds
of strategies which are supported to contribute for increasing patient safety. It includes to make
sure that leaders can prepare and sustain the safety culture in hospital and develop centralised as
well as coordinated oversight of security of an individual. Meanwhile, it involves the criterion of
generating the general set of safety metrics that reflecting meaningful outputs. It consist to
enhance the funds for carry out investigation on patient safety and applying the science.
Moreover, it is necessary to help workforce of healthcare organisation to maintain factor of
safety while conducting clinical practices for treating disease of people to make their healthy.
Additionally, working in partnership with proper cooperation and utilisation of advanced
technology is also helpful to make sure about security of people.
Human factor can be defined as an important elements in terms of assuring about patient
safety in healthcare sector. It includes the fact that many times staff availability is not sufficient

according to their patient due to which they face difficulty to deal with every individual.
However, such circumstances are responsible for disturbing concentration level of physicians
which create possibility of clinical mistakes while dealing with people (Padgett and et. al., 2017).
It is necessary for management authority to ensure that sufficient amount of staff members so
that every patient will get proper attention of care providers with better quality. It is very
important for care professionals to followed each and every guidelines of legal regulations and
codes of conduct which are helpful to deliver effective medical care services along with
maintaining quality. Human efforts plays an important role in respect of patient safety through
proper handling of clinical equipments as well as individual while shifting between different
units in hospitals.
Patient safety and human factors are closely linked to each other because careful and
extra efforts of professionals are accountable for achieving better outcomes. It is necessary for
hospital management to encourage doctors, nursing staff and other specialised professionals to
perform their jobs more effectively. However, it is very important to motivate them because
medical profession is a challenging job which easily pressurise employees that impact on their
performance. It consist to organise desired learning programs for physicians in order to boost up
their knowledge level (Wears, Sutcliffe and Van Rite, 2016). Meanwhile, it has been analysed
that it is required to carry out investigations to conduct analysis about newly founded harmful
microorganism to invent the effective medication to get cure from relevant infection or diseases.
It is observed that many of new infections are developed which are responsible for developing
situation of epidemic that can be easily tackle by conducting researches on them. Besides of this,
it is essential to adopt innovative technique and strategies for reducing risk factors and hazards in
healthcare organisation along with taking effective precautions to ensure patient safety while
delivering accurate care services for their well-being. Additionally, patient safety is an important
responsibility of are providers that must be completed in proper way.
BACKGROUND
In context of this assignment, it is based on the aim of analysing effective strategies and
practices which are favourable to enhance patient safety. It includes the criterion of evaluating
factors which are responsible for creating the hazardous situations for individuals in terms of
establishing appropriate policies and practices which are much strong for eliminating factor of
risk in healthcare organisation (Jeong, Kong and Jeon, 2017). However, it has been analysed

from various studies that many times negligence behaviour and lack of knowledge among staff
members is considered to be accountable for occurrence of complicated situations for patient. It
has been analysed that patient is an important aspects to be focussed because it is suitable to
eliminate threat of complications which impact positively on patient outcomes. It is required for
health management and external bodies to establish more effective as well as efficient guidelines
and policies that are mandatory to be followed in every care institution in regards to ensure
patient safety.
On the other hand, patient safety consist various aspects such as proper handling of
equipments, maintain hand hygiene, use mouth masks & lab coats, appropriate dispose of waste
material and many more. However, it includes the requirements of carry out training and learning
sessions for increasing knowledge level of staff members regarding safety practices. It is
observed that many times employees are not aware of safety practices and technique in respect of
ensuing about security of people (Lee and et. al., 2017). In addition to this, regular inspections
are required to be organised in terms of evaluating the threats exists in hospital which can harm
patients. Meanwhile, it consist various kinds of events which may take place in health care
organisation that are mentioned here. Initially, it includes preventable adverse events which
occur due to errors or failure regarding implementation of accepted strategy in order to prevent
them. Secondly, ameliorable adverse events can be described as those event which could have
less harmful for patient if not preventable if the care has been different. Thirdly, it consist the
adverse events which take place due to negligence of medical staff which results into less
effective care which lies below expected standards of services delivered by clinicians in the
community. Moreover, these events can be occur in healthcare institution which should be
avoided by following desired guidelines of ensuring patient safety.
Human factor in context of patient safety refers to care professional who efforts to treat
the health problem for curation. It is required to make professionals understand about their
responsibility to improve patient safety. However, the doctors are not only exists to provide
treatment and medication but they also accountable for make sure to secure individuals from any
kind of hazard. It has been analysed that medical practitioner should follow all the codes of
conduct and professionals standards which are helpful to avoid the chance of occurring clinical
mistake (Hwang and Lee, 2017). It is favourable to avoid complications and facilitate to enhance
patient experience. Basically, it is observed that of the legal regulations, ethical principles and

care standards should be followed by every medical professional in terms of providing effective
care. In other words, the hospital management to are required to carry out risk assessment so that
appropriate strategies can be established for implementation of them to make atmosphere hazard
free. It is significant to prepare appropriate strategies and policies in every healthcare
organisation for eliminating threat of risk accordingly. It is observed that different care
institutions has differentiated specialised clinical units which are used to deal with patient having
complicated disease then treatment process is much complex that should be followed carefully
by staff members.
The different types of risk and issues are present in care organisation at the tie of dealing
with various people having their specific health problem. Initially, it consist the medical errors
which take place when planned technique to provide care do not work or wring planning has
been execute for inappropriate place. This kind of mistakes are responsible to happen
everywhere such as clinics, outpatient surgery centres, physicians' offices, pharmacies and
hospitals. However, it can contains mistakes related to diagnosis, medicine, surgery, lab reports
and equipments use. In addition to this, medical errors mostly observed in daily routine tasks
including patient relies on salt free diet is given high salt meal (Alvarado, 2016). It has been
evaluated that such problems are mostly take place due to complex healthcare system but it
occurs when patient and physicians do not conduct proper conversation among them. Secondly,
the occurrence of adverse event which is known as a type of injury happen due to medical care
that consist anaphylaxis to penicillin, postoperative wound infection, hospital acquired delirium
in elderly patients and central venous catheter placement. It has been identified that an adverse
event does not imply negligence, poor quality care or error. The adverse event can be defined as
an undesirable clinical outcomes resulted from specific aspect of diagnosis or therapy which
cannot consider as an underlying disease procedure. In the same way, the postoperative wound
infections are count as an adverse event when the process of surgery proceeded through optimal
adherence to sterile processes. It will facilitate the patient to receive antibiotic prophylaxis in
perioperative setting and many more.
Thirdly, the other clinical error consist near miss or close call that refer to a condition
when a person did not get any kind of injury but only because of a chance. This kind of good
fortune may responsible for reflecting robustness of an individual. For example, a patient having
allergy with penicillin get penicillin but has no reaction. Meanwhile, the situation of fortuitous