Community Resilience for Rural Tourism in Malaysia

This assignment delves into the concept of community resilience within the context of rural tourism development in Malaysia. It explores various factors influencing this resilience, drawing upon academic research and case studies. The analysis considers the economic, social, cultural, and environmental impacts of tourism on rural communities, emphasizing the importance of sustainable practices for long-term success.

Sustainable Tourism
Development
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Task 1...............................................................................................................................................3
1.1.................................................................................................................................................3
1.2.................................................................................................................................................4
Task 2...............................................................................................................................................5
2.1.................................................................................................................................................5
2.2.................................................................................................................................................6
2.3 ................................................................................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
3.1.................................................................................................................................................8
3.2...............................................................................................................................................10
3.3...............................................................................................................................................10
Task 4.............................................................................................................................................11
4.1...............................................................................................................................................11
4.2 ..............................................................................................................................................11
4.3...............................................................................................................................................11
Task 5.............................................................................................................................................12
5.1...............................................................................................................................................12
5.2...............................................................................................................................................13
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................14
Reference.......................................................................................................................................15
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INTRODUCTION
Sustainable tourism is a concept of visiting a place as a tourist and it only have a positive
impact on a environment, society and economy. In a tourism it include mainly primary
transportation , accommodation, entertainment and local transportation. In a sustainable tourism
development is required a stakeholder and informed participants also a strong political
leadership. The present report is based on a case study of Philippine in which a sustainable
tourism development is a challenge and tourism is become a more important weapon in a
Philippines economic arsenal. The present report covers a the advantage and disadvantage of a
public sector in a tourism planning partnership is discussed. Along with this feature do tourism
development planning at different level is analyzed. Apart form that, the introduction of the
concept of a suitability tourism development is justified
TASK 1
1.1
According to the given scenario, currently working as a Philippines tourism team, in case
it is stated that President of Gloria macapagal sought to raise the profile of a Philippine tourism
industry by visiting a selected tourist destination around the country (Lee, 2013). At the tie of
visits to a Tubaataha reef, the President was photographed underwater smiling divine mask. His
hand was a coral branches.
Planning is a process in which goal is set, strategies are developed and task ans schedule
are outlined in order to achieve a goal and objective on time. In a tourism planning it contained
of the social, economic, technological and legal environment.
Boosterism: Tourism is beneficial for the destination and its inhabitants environmental
objects are promoted. Further there it also increase economic benefits and all the barriers ind
development can be removed. In a planning process local residents are also not included and not
given a adequate consideration (Briassoulis and Van der Straaten eds., 2013). So result of this
approach is not very helpful in a development of the tourism sector in Philippines. There are only
a political who practiced this approach because there is a economic growth and always promoted
because other will gain financially by a tourism
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 Conventional; It is a planning which is defined by a gum which has been oriented by a
plan too vague and help in budgets and extraneous data planning (Carlisle, Kunc and
Tiffin 2013).
 Interactive and integrated: Gunn proposes interactive planning better decision can be
reached by a for a tourism development from this process (Ma. and Hassink 2013). This
approach is very helpful for the development of tourism in a Philippine.
 Market led approach; a complete market led approach provides a attraction , facilities
and services to a tour sit sector. Tourist market demand may result in some time
environmental degradation and loss of sociology cultural integrity (Látková and Vog
2012.). However it also bring a short term economic benefits.
Different stakeholder of travel and tourism are government, tourist, agencies, local
public and community. There is benefit to the local public that it spend in local community
which will be there will help to increase the income from tourist. Along with this there is more
development opportunity and also increase the income of local people. Government is also
benefited because source of revenue in the form of tax will be there and with it government is
also involved in infrastructure planning and development in relation to tourism industry. Apart
from this, Tourist can visit to different places and can get more attractive accommodation and
attractive tour package.
There are many benefits of the tourism developing and planing for a Philippine that is
there are various stakeholder who will be benefited (Stylidis, Biran and Szivas 2014). Tourist
who visit to a destination in a Philippines may be attracted by panning done. Further it also help
in grabbing a attention of the other tourist.
1.2
There are some advantage and disadvantage of a Public sector and private sector tourism
partnership drawing on the Philippines case study. There are many country of the world where
there is both public and private sector working in a market (Amir, Ghapar and Ahmad, 2015).
There are some advantage of a tourism planing and development on both public and private
sector partnership . There is some benefit to the country because fund of the government can be
used by the private sector which help in improving the level of standard of the services which is
offering to the people who live in Philippines and those who travel. Philippines is a developing
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country so partnership of both private and public sector have more funds so that state can be
improved.
The benefits is as follow
 Cost reduction: the huge changes is made and it can benefit the Philippine in term if cost
and in term of functional and maintenance service.
 Risk sharing: when public and private sector work in a partnership then risk can be
reduced and shared between them (Chan, Zhang and Qi 2016.).
 Improvement in level of services: both public and private sector help in creating a new
products and services for tourist.
 Economic benefits: There is also a economic benefits such as help in promoting a higher
level leading to the economic development in Philippine.
Advantage for public and private sector is as follows
The public and private Partnership (PPP) enable the government to harness the expertise
the efficiency of private company in market and together they can deliver high quality services to
a tourism industry which help in attracting more customer.
Another advantage is that public and private Partnership work together then it will
reduce the borrowing of fund from the government because fund can be provided from private
player for implementing the project with government.
Disadvantage for public and private Partnership is as follows
There are some disadvantage that is public and private Partnership result in complicated
contract and there can be complex negotiation. This may give right to private player to use
certain assets which can reduce overall benefit of PPP.
TASK 2
2.1
According to the given scenario the sustainable tourism projects in a Philippine. For this
purpose report it need to write so that features of development planning at different levels can be
known and its impact on a tourist.
Sustainable tourism it is a positive socio economic change which no undermine a ecological and
social on which society and community is dependent (Rasoolimanesh, Jaafar Kock and Ahmad,
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A.G., 2016.). There is integrated policy, planning and social learning process is required for a
successful implementation.
The features of tourism development planning at different level with a reference to the
Philippines case study. Planning can be done so as to the process in which goal is set, strategies
are developed and task ans schedule are outlined in order to achieve a goal and objective on time
(Reihanian, Mahmood and Hin 2012). In a tourism planning it contained of the social,
economic, technological and legal environment. There are some features of tourism developing
planning that are as follow
This tourism developing planning is inclusive in nature it help in maintaining a entire
country and if other place redevelopment is required that can be done. Further it also result in
improvement of the visitor economy. For example this tourism development planning focused on
a maintenance of various place, so that when visitors visit that place they can explore and
maintained a tourism destination (Waligo, Clarke and Hawkins 2013). Moreover there is a
another important feature of a tourism development planning that is involvement of a interactive
planning and process. This interactive explaining make sure that stakeholder who are engaged in
this event will be treated equally. There is need a regular interaction so that all the planning
process can be reviewed. Further travel and tourism industry is in a competition so Philippines
country need to focus more on feature of planning process. The role of government and
authorities will have to divide the work between the national authority and local authority. So
that fund can be allocated properly and make sure that it can be used in a systematic manner so
that proper planning can be done for the development of tourism in a Philippines.
There is a level of tourism planning at various level that are as follow
 International level : in a Internationale level it is mainly concerned with flow of tour
program among a different countries (Fletcher, Fyall and Wanhill2013). Further focus
on international transport countries.
 National level: in national level some policy is included that are tourism policy and
physical structure. Further improvement in accommodation facility and services required.
2.2
The significance of interactive planning system and process in tourism development with
reference to a Philippine case study
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The interactive planning help in making sure that all level of a company , tourist and
communities can involved for the plan so that budget spending, and negative impact ton
communities can be minimized. In addition to this for maximizing the destination potential.
Philippines can promote a interactive plan (Waligo, Clarkeand Hawkins 2013). However in
Philippine their are many communities which is turned into a construction sites and people who
are living in that area are not aware of the purpose of restriction. There is a lack of transparency
and corruption increase which result in a that host communities dissatisfy with a tourist
development plan. Further there is also lack in a interactive form a private developers, national
authorities and local with a host communities.
The city of Philippine which is need to developed is suffering form a unskilled workers
and poor facilities. There is a expectation from a tourism is decreasing with a lack of instability
and not safety is provided to a host communities (Fletcher, Fyall and Wanhill2013). There is a
limited resources that they need to use best of their ability for getting a success there is need to
plan a market and allocated the resources in a proper way. With a proper planning it make sure
that Philippines not waste their precious and limited resources also whatever investment is done
give a good result to the coutnry in tourism development plan. In addition to this it also help
government of the countries to plan for the future and for a people who live in that country.
Along with this for making a position in a market.
2.3
The different method avail to measure a tourists impact on a Philippines is as follow
It is necessary for measuring the tourism impact for avoiding a mass deprecation of social
culture and environment impact for attraction and detestation (Waligo, Clarkeand Hawkins
2013). The way in which all tourism activity is managed by a tour-sim development company
have a great impact on a country. There is also a positive impact on a tourism on a environment,
economic and social of the destination. Planning process is need to done so that objective have
been fulfilled through a measuring the economic, social and environment impacts can be
measured. There are various method for a measuring a impacts on Philippines which are
described below:
 Economic measure: a development of tourism is mainly reacted with a economic
prosperity. This economic measure help in understanding the gross increase in the
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income of people who are located in a those area which is measured in a monetary terms.
There is also a changes in income in the absences of tourism activity (Fletcher, Fyall
and Wanhill2013). Measure is directly deal with a direct benefits of tourism which
cover a business profit, employment earning and revenue return. Further there is a two
model available for a estimating the volume, impact on tourism and value.
 Environmental measure: in this measurement it mainly evaluate environmental cost
and a legislation that is environmental impact assessment for the tourism project. Its
objective is to predict a environmental consequences (Waligo, Clarke and Hawkins
2013). In this environmental auditing procedure impose a limitation for a natural
resources and help in identifying a possible environmental problems and conflicts which
can affects a project viability and negative effects on a people.
 Social measures: Socio cultural impact on a tourism investment and development plan
is most difficult to measure and count. It is happen because it is extremely personal and
qualitative (Fletcher, Fyall and Wanhill 2013.). Their is a two method which is used of
collecting a information for social impact measurement, in first method it can be done by
a collecting a primary sources and information though a survey , questionnaire and
interview. Secondly it can analysis the secondary sources in which record can be found
by government records, newspaper and public documents.
There are two main models which are available for estimating the volume and impact of
tourism that is Cambridge economic and STEAM model.
Cambridge model allow easy to access to main national survey which provide the
maintenance information at the lower cost. It is necessary and useful for the local authority for
providing the local database of accommodation capacities.
STEAM model is a tourism economic impact process. It is used for the measure the
number of local economic impact of tourism. It can be analyzed through the number of visitor
and by use of variety of contribution such as accommodation, attraction number etc.
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TASK 3
3.1
Sustainability in tourism development in Philippines
Tourism refers to people oriented industry helpful to reduce cultural heritage and ecological
degradation. It provides facilities to tourists for visiting and taking advantage of Philippines
natural beauty. Further, sustainability in tourism organization focuses to create positive and
healthy environment and providing social welfare. It leads to optimum utilization of natural
resources and efforts to maintain high level of satisfaction from m tourists. Thus, sustainability
is integration of social, economical and ecological development of Philippines.
Tourism development requires to balance social and ecological factors to achieve long term
economic operations and increase awareness about sustainability to customers. It remains as a
useful tool to conserve biodiversity indicates to create proper ecosystem of Philippine. Thus, it
presents positive impacts on the environment and allocates natural resources in systematic
manner (Dabphet, Scot and Ruhanen 2012). In addition to this, sustainability in tourism
implementation considers useful for stakeholders benefits for getting more and more benefits of
tourism industry. Stakeholders includes customers, employees, creditors and management
workers of any private or public entity. Companies facilitate traveling facilities to stakeholders
and takes advantages of tourism services. It results to adequate development of tourism and
tourists. Including this, exploitation of natural resources reduces as well increases economic
status of Philippine through tourism development by sustaining and maintaining its quality.
Principles of sustainability:-
Sustainability in tourism
development follows some
Long lifespan:- The concept
involves long term profitability
of tourism in Philippines.
Good materials:- Tourism
follows rules and regulations
related to producing effective
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principles to decrease waste
and providing quality work
environment. These principles
includes long lifespan, good
material and techniques
utilization, low weight and few
components.
Company tries to sustain and
maintain producing service
quality for long term It
focuses on improvement of
product value in tourism field.
traveling and comfort facilities
to stay for tourists. Therefore,
by supplying good quality
material tourism industry can
get high value for facilities.
Few components:- On behalf of maintaining natural resources value, tourism focuses on less
transport and less packaging. Therefore, tourists can achieve maximum level of satisfaction for
visiting Philippine.
3.2
Factors that prevent sustainable tourism development
Sustainability in tourism development remains helpful for proper management and creating
balanced environment in traveling industry. Environmental factors effects to maintain and
sustain quality of traveling and providing comfort zone to tourists.
Socio-cultural factors:- Social and cultural development seems to be developed for Philippine.
Tourists acquire knowledge of different cultures as well connects to different people during
traveling. Philippine natural beauty comes to know at deep level by taking advantages and
suitable zone for tourists.
Guest-host relationship:- Tourism establishes relationship with tourists for long term
profitability of organization. Therefore, strong bonding creates between guest as stakeholders
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and other consumers and tourism of Philippine.
Strategic planning for balance between production and supply of services:- On behalf of past
profitability, tourism plans for changes in strategic manner to manage traveling services. It
provides idea to add or subtract quality or manner in traveling facility.
3.3
The different stages in planning for sustainability in reference to Philippine
The study recognition: in this stage there is a planning authorities is involved also local
community and private sector are involved who relive that tourism is sustainable and desirable
concept.
Setting objective: in this stage Philippine need to determine a potential of tourism and then
make objective based on it. In an objective it may be a revenue , employment etc. for example
in case of Philippine its public tourism agencies is helped for setting a objective such as
conservation of a environment.
Survey of existing data: it is next stage which is focused on a understanding a exciting data by
a survey or interview. Private sector can conduct a research and implement its business
environment in such a tourism intensive. There is a certain step which can be flow for the
implementation for the sustainable development plan.
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TASK 4
4.1
There are various method for resolving a conflict of intersect to ensure welbieng of a
developing such as Philippine case.
There is a high level of competition which may give rise to a conflict between a tour
operator, it is so because the courses of operation tour operators involved in a provided a tour
package may be impacted by a country sustainable development plan. Their is trend which is
keep changing countries are trying to make sure that more tourist visits in their country (Amir,
Ghapar and Ahmad, 2015). There are many stakeholder such as landlords, industrious and
visitors have a conflict interest. For solving this conflict local authority need to take some action
and arrangement is a main element so of the creation procedure. Further VICE model is used so
that which help in dealing with a sustainable development plan. In this tension between planner
is that to make sure that any plan made which not harm the environment or a society and culture
of people who are living in that particular area. Further it can also make plan by keeping in mind
a view of tourist. On local community a hotel is constructed which is affecting a community
and people which are living on the place.
Conflict is related to interest of different stakeholder related to mental issues, economical
issue etc. according to the given scenario, of Philippine president is looking for the growth of
country and this it visits to various tourist destination within a country. Conflict raise at the time
when president posted pic by touching the corals. According to the strict rule of saving natural
beauty of country. Philippine country developed with the most fragile of natural and cultural
environment. Here no action is taken for destroying the natural sites and for protecting it
government need to take strict action. Another conflict reason is that coastal areas is negatively
affected by the action of visitors, so government need to focus on coastal management program
for saving natural sites and coastal area.
4.2
The implication of balancing supply and demand with references to the Philippines case
is as follow it means to save a available resources so that it can be useful for the future. Then
demand of the tourist and supply of the destination should be balanced so that no issue can be
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faced by a Philippine (Amir, Ghapar and Ahmad, 2015). Further if demand of a tour package is
high them tour operators can increase the price of its tour package This way there is no balancing
in a supply an demand it can be fixed if supply is done according to the demand of a tourist.
Further there is a huge in balancing a supply and demand.
Development of a tourism destination is shaped by the demand for tourism at Philippine.
If in country there is tourism opportunity then it increases the demand. For example it Philippine
improvise its tourist destination and provide different tourist activity for visitor then demand will
increase. The effective and actual demand is that which people is actually traveling at that
particular place. Philippine can motivate for increasing the demand by making destination more
attractive.
4.3
The moral and ethical issues of a enclave tourism in the Philippine case study is as follow
Tourism is a fastest growing industries in all over the world so there are many ethical
and social issues involved in a tourism development. There are some political issues which is
involved in a tourism development. Issues in Philippine related to a cultural, economy and
society of the tourist place (Reihanian, Mahmood and Hin 2012). Further there is a large amount
of wealth is provided by a tourist which can be a used in a development of the destination not in
other unethical activities that for example people live in that area may face many difficulty such
as vacate their homes and provide a cheap labor so that development can be done by government
for the tourist. On the other hand there are some moral responsibility which of the tourist. It
should not hurt the cultural and environment of a destination so that people who are living their
not get hurt.
Their is a enclave tourism which is new concept in which tourist activity is provided in a
specific location. For example cruise ship is a example of a enclave tourism it also provide many
services that is local foods, music and experiences. It is so because there are many tourist who
spend lots of time and money in a cruise which restrict the opportunities for a local communities
(Waligo, Clarkeand Hawkins 2013). There e is also a negative impact on a business of the
enclave tourism and in this ethical and moral issues are a major issues. Further it reduce a
communication between a tourist and a local people. In addition to this it also create a gap
between a poor local businessmen and wealthy owner.
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TASK 5
5.1
According to the given scenario, chosen developing country is a Thailand and chosen
emerging destination is a Philippine Taal volcano.
The emergent destination is chosen that is Taal volcano which selected in a Philippine
because it have a high impact in term of soicla -cultural and economic and on environment
(Stylidis, Biran and Szivas 2014). In a economic impact there is a rise in a foreign exchange
income and earning for the Philippine country. With a increase in a employment level. There are
many issues which is related to a socio culture effects on a tourism that are as follow
 there is a side effects on a family arrangement and food production Philippine
 back up of a actions such as flaunting and other stalking of tourist and entreating.
 Their is increase in a drug exploitation and prostitution.
 There is impact on a support and progression of mass departure and urbanization
 rivalry and offenses in opposition to a tourist
There is a effects on environmental because of tourism which bring a change in a use of land
and air pollution further environmental issues is also increasing (Rodrigues, Rodrigues and
Peroff 2015) . The tour-sim also bring a lots of mismanagement in a country and whole
ecosystem is also affected by it. In addition to this there is a excess pollution on a beaches, lakes,
rivers etc.
 It is mainly linked with a 3 phase of impact that are as follow
 before the departure travelers buy utilities and travel liked clothes.
 At the time of traveling make sure that no harm to the environment and destination
 when a traveler reach to a particular destination then need to carry a their usual practices
of utilization.
5.2
Recommendation for the future development of the tourism in a Philippine Taal volcano
destination is as follow
 after analyzing the current issues There are many thing which country need to focus for
development of a tourist destination some of its factor are described
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 country is suffering form a political instability and it is affecting a tourism industry in
country so it need to solve political instability firstly then focus on other area.
 By making a tourism development plan which will increase the tourism demand.
 Philippine have a budget so that is can spend on a tourism plan and for developing a taal
volcano.
 It can also enhancing the capability of the tourism stakeholder which demand is increase
then industry will able to fulfill the demand of the tourist.
 The green tourism and Eco tourism can be encourage by a Philippine
 new technology need to implemented so that pollution can be reduced.
 Dealing with a international business firm help Philippine in a maximize the earning for
the Philippine.
 Every business need to implement a environmental management system so that it not
get affected by pollution. And also not affect the water, land and air form industry
wastage.
 Government need to initiate a waste reduction program .there should be a strict rules
and regulation which need to be followed by the country.
 By national government tour business need to maintained.
 Government need to adopt some strict rules and regulation for keeping environment neat
and clean
 It is recommended that Philippine need to focus on the strength on the law system to the
large extent. It is necessary to provide safe environment to the tourist and local people.
It can be done by developing rule and regulation regarding the consumer safety and
welfare. This help Philippine in attracting many tourists.
 Further government need to motivate the hospitality and restaurant for undertaking
research and development activity. Along with this research can be conducted so that
needs and wants can be identified of visitors. This help in improving tourist services
according to the taste and preference of consumer.
CONCLUSION
Form the above report it can be conclude that there are many stakeholder that can be
benefited form a paling of tourism development. This stakeholder are customer, government,
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employees tour operator etc. there are many advantage and disadvantage of the public and
private sector tourism planning partnership such as it reduce the risk and cost when both work
together. Further, there are need to done a tourism development planning at different level on a
national level , international level etc. great importance of a significance planning that is is help
in implementing a full plan in a proper manner. Further it can be concluded that there are a
different method for measuring a tourism impact that is economics measure and social measure.
There are different stages in planning for sustainability. There are some strict rules and
regulation government need to made for tourist so that they not pollute the environment of the
destination. Their is also need that industry which are operating on a destination its business.
need to keep in clean and also wastage produced in industry are recycled.
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REFERENCE
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