The Physical Layer - Understanding Digital and Analog Data Transmission

Running head: week 7
The Physical Layer
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Running head: week 7
Week 7:
In this week the physical layer is discussed. The physical layer establishes the
connection between the computer and the other devices that are in the network. Two types of
data are there one is the analog data another is the digital data. The digital computers are store
the information in the digital format. All the data that are stored in the digital computer like
the files, program, audio, video all are store as digital data. The digital information are made
of the zero and one. Nothing will be there in between the zero and the one. Transmission
media can also be of analog and digital. The cable that arevused for the computer connection
developed for the digital data transmission. The analog signal presentation can be identified
with the 1 and where the zero bits are absent. Such sending the digital data over the analog
transmission. The Point to point circuits are a direct connection between two devices. Such
media is not shared with any other device. Multipoint circuits share the media with multiple
devices.
Ethernet systems that use hubs & WiFi fall into this category because they share the media
with other devices. The data flow can be categorised in three way simplex, half duplex and
the full duplex. The simplex daa flow the data only send in one direction. In the half duplex
the data flows in both direction but at a time in can flow in only one direction. In the full
duplex data flow, the data flows in the both directions conqurently. Multiplexing is used to
divide up a communications channel so the channel can transmit multiple conversations at the
one time.
Some of the multiplexing methods are given bellow:
• Time division Multiplexing (TDM)
• Frequency division multiplexing (FDM)
• Wavelength division Multiplexing (WDM)