Policy & Evaluation in Public Health for Type-2 Diabetes Prevention in the UK

This report discusses the policy, policy process, policy evaluation and issue of governance in the wider public health for type-2 diabetes prevention in the UK. It also evaluates the policy for preventing type-2 diabetes and provides some recommendations to reduce the prevalence and causes of type-2 diabetes within the United Kingdom.

Policy & Evaluation in Public
Health

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Background.............................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................4
Policy analysis........................................................................................................................4
Policy evaluation....................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Diabetes refers to a non-communicable disease where the glucose amount in the blood
gets too high. This can lead to creating type-1 diabetes which is an autoimmune disease where
the body is unable to produce insulin and type-2 diabetes develop when the body stop producing
or the body does not react on to the insulin produced. This can lead to creating a high impact on
individual life. Here, type-2 diabetes that also associates with lifestyle factors including obesity
or overweight which can lead to creating a higher risk of type-2 diabetes. This creates high
impact on the large population in the United Kingdom where the government has taken some
initiative and made some policies that can be effective and can help to reduce the incidence of
type-2 diabetes within the large population. In this report, there is a discussion about the policy,
policy process, policy evaluation and issue of governance in the wider public health. There is
also discussion about the policy analysis its content, context, actors and processes (Bakris et. al.,
(2020)). There is also a discussion about the policy evaluation for type-2 diabetes within the
United Kingdom. This also includes the discussion about the type-2 diabetes policy. It also has
the analysis toward the policy and its evaluation. This paper also evaluates the policy for
preventing type-2 diabetes and provides some recommendations to reduce the prevalence and
causes of type-2 diabetes within the United Kingdom.
Background
Policy refers to a plan or action chosen by the government or any company which can be
highly effective and can help to provide a deliberated system of guidelines to guide disease and
for achieving rational outcomes. This includes a statement of intent through implementing the
procedure of protocol and is adopted by a governance body within an organization or nation.
Here, the policy process refers to a series of sequential parts of a stage which include problem
emergence as in the setting consideration of policy options, decision making, the implementation
along with its evaluation (Pitt et. al., (2021)). These are the process for the policy from initiation
to the implementation and evaluation and have positive outcomes regarding the emerging issues
within the nation. It is essential to ensure that made policy and after implementation, it is
providing a positive impact on the expected outcome (Health matters: preventing Type 2
Diabetes, (2018)). This can be highly helpful and can help to make some improvements in the
policy that can lead to creating a positive impact on the goal of the policy. After analyzing the

policy, it is essential to evaluate the policy that can be possible through evaluating the outcome
of the policy. In this, there is a need to evaluate the response toward the implementation of
policy and its positive outcome on the large population. In the policy process, there are different
actors like stakeholders who can be a public governing authority and every individual data
involved in the policy process are the actor or stakeholders for the policy (Roden et. al., (2019)).
There are a large number of the population who are living with type 2 diabetes in which
about 7% of the UK population have been diagnosed with type-2 diabetes which it may include 1
million people who are not having diagnosed with type-2 diabetes. There are about 40,000
children who have diabetes and higher than 3000 children are getting diagnosed every year.
Diabetes refers to one of the most common chronic diseases within the UK which includes
prevalence in an increase in within a large population for getting diagnosed with type-2 diabetes.
There are a large number of populations and cases which created a high impact on public health
within the United Kingdom to get rid of such types of public health issues. There is a need to
implement some policies that can be highly effective and should consider is high importance of
public health topic (Oguntibeju, (2019)). This should be taken into consideration and help to
control to provide a better and quality of lifestyle to the population which can help to increase
the country's economy and help in-country development.
MAIN BODY
Policy analysis
There is a high issue in the governance which includes evidence-based policy
development which can be highly effective and inform decision-making on an issue that is
related to public health. Here, type-2 diabetes is one of the major issues which is related to public
health that can hold key governance principles of fairness, transparency, accountability and
participation. It creates the responsibility for providing leadership within the global health matter
where setting norms and a standard shaping health research and articulating evidence-based
policy options. They also assess health trends which are some of the roles of the World Health
Organization perform in respect to public health. World Health Organization perform an
important role in providing better health policy that can be effective and can help to allow the
country to implement in an effective way that can provide positive outcomes. They are having
the potential to provide information on the largest skill that can be effective and can help the

country to include better and more effective responses with positive effects (Galicia-Garcia et.
al., (2020)).
Policy analysis refers to approaches that can help to identify potential policy options and
can address a problem which includes comparison with the option for choosing the most
effective feasible and efficient one. There are different steps in the policy analysis which include
different steps like verifying defining and detailing the problem.
Content
The policy has the reason to educate people about their health which can be effective and
can help to possess a good and effective lifestyle which can be effective and can help to reduce
the risk of type-2 diabetes. It has the reason to reduce type-2 diabetes towards the negligible
which can help to increase the better public health (Pittas et. al., (2019)).
These policy aims to reduce the incidence of Type-2 diabetes and complications that are
associated with type-2 diabetes like kidney, heart, eye, stroke and food problems that are related
to diabetes. It also has the aim to reduce the health inequality that associates with type-2 diabetes
over the longer term.
This policy has the objective to create high awareness within the large population that can
be effective and can help to reduce the incidence of type-2 diabetes within the United Kingdom.
This can be highly effective and can help to reduce the health care burden to the healthcare
setting within the United Kingdom. This can be highly effective and can allow providing a
positive health impact on the large population (Chawla et. al., (2020)).
Context
There are various factors which may include cultural, social, political, economic and
environmental factors that are highly effective and can influence policy development. Social
factor main includes a large number of populations within the society that include a large number
of people with type 2 diabetes. This creates a negative health impact on the community and
should take in consideration to decrease the negative health impact. Cultural factor also
influences policy development where it including different type of culture that should be taken in
consideration during making policy which should not create any type of discrimination and
should be provided benefit to every individual. Economic factors influence policy development
through the employment process (Pratley et. al., (2019)). Here, it should not create any impact to

following the Policy that can lead to creating financial costs for the large population. This can
have an impact and should take into consideration for better effectiveness and positive outcome.
Political factor also influences policy development where vision plays an important role
in the policy was include different legislation and a better political environment that can help to
include better positive response. Environmental factor also influences policy development where
while making policy, it should take it consideration the environment where United Kingdom
people live and are associated (Powers et. al., (2020)). This can help to stay in a better
environment that should be according to them and is easy to implement in their life. Economic,
cultural, social, political and environmental factors influence the policy development that can
have a high impact on the nature of the policy. This should be taken into consideration and have
a better positive impact these are highly effective and created a high impact on the large
population where they are highly affected with this factor that can lead to creating a high impact
on the livelihood and lifestyle.
Different stakeholders are involved in the policy process of developing implementing and
operating the policy that is various categories like individuals, groups and organizations who are
the stakeholder that are involved in the policy process. They get involved due to having a direct
impact on policy on them (Ghandour et. al., (2018)).
Actors
There is a high impact of policy on public health which includes high effectiveness to
reduce the cases of type-2 diabetes. It involves the stakeholders who are directly involved in the
policy development that can highly associate to influence the policy in such a manner that it
should provide benefit to each and every stakeholder. Making policy and implementing it
correctly, can help the organization and individual to reduce the cases of several type-2 diabetes
and can help to achieve better public health. They are directly involved to reduce the impact of
type-2 diabetes on the country's economy to make the country's economy on track. This can be
effective to make the policy in an appropriate way that can help to reduce the incidence of type-2
diabetes and help to achieve better public health (Gregory et. al., (2021)).
They should likely get involved in a policy that can be highly effective and can influence
policy in such a manner that it should create high effectiveness on the large population and
reduce the incidence of type-2 diabetes. This may also impact various factors that are associated
with type-2 diabetes and help to achieve a better response towards it.

Process
Here, key element of the policy is to create awareness within the large population through
the problem and taking consider the risk factor for type-2 diabetes which can be highly effective
and can help to take control over the increasing number of cases of type-2 diabetes (Serbis et. al.,
(2021)). This program and intervention can help to improve the population's health through
effectively implementing the policy. This can help to improve public health and create better
education and awareness towards the people to change their behavior and lifestyle which can be
effective. This can help to reduce the cases of type-2 diabetes according to literature programs
and interventions are included in the policy which can play an important role from a public
health perspective. There is a gap in the policy, where it should take into consideration the large
population to make a better and more effective way to create awareness and educate them that
can be effective and can help to improve public knowledge to avoid the risk of type-2 diabetes
(McIntosh et. al., (2019)).
This policy includes the health and equality that can be highly effective and associated to
consider it during the implementation of the policy. This policy also includes the health
inequalities issues that can be effective and considered to take into consideration for properly
appropriately implementing the policy. It addresses the health inequality that should not create
any gap when creating awareness and creating inequality to provide the proper information
regarding policy to reduce the cases of type-2 diabetes (Uriona et. al., (2019)). Here, policy
should be taken into consideration and should create awareness regarding the policy through
using social media and different advertisements. This can help to implement and put it into the
operation.
Policy evaluation
There is some of the evaluation reports include that policy has a positive impact and has
created a reduction in type-2 diabetes cases (Kremmydas et. al., (2018)). There is a finding that
after the implementation of the policy many people have taken into consideration their health
which to create a positive impact and reduce the incidence of type-2 diabetes. This policy has a
higher success rate due to having better effectiveness and helping to reduce the healthcare cost
for every individual and creating awareness about achieving good physical health. There is a
policy analysis research that includes the overall policy where it has the criticism about the
policy analysis research. It has been taken in consideration and has provided high benefits to the

large population which helps to decrease the number of cases of type-2 diabetes within the UK
(Hadad et. al., (2021)). There is a criticism that, this policy does not directly intervene in type-2
diabetes cases which should be taken into consideration and needed to make some improvements
in the policy that can help directly associate with type-2 diabetes.
There is epidemiological research evidence that includes the large population about the
intervention through the implementation of the policy and has a positive impact on their health.
There is overall findings of the intervention research are systematic in nature and provide a better
understanding through the cross-sectional study which has the effectiveness of an intervention
that includes the policy positively (Xie et. al., (2019)).
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion, it can be concluded that the type-2 diabetes policy is highly
effective and have a positive impact on the UK population. This creates a high impact on
improvement in public health through policy implementation. This can have reason, aim and
objective that help to improve the population's health and their welding. This policy is effective
and have provided a positive impact on the large population to improve their health and
wellbeing. There is a discussion about the future trend of a factor which includes cultural, social,
economical, environmental and political responses to stakeholders' power. There is also
discussion about the evaluation of policy along with its effectiveness in improving UK
population health and wellbeing. There is also a discussion about the policy analysis which
includes content, context, actors and process. There is also discussion about the policy evaluation
that are effective and lead to creating a high impact on the large population.

REFERENCES
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Online
Health matters: preventing Type 2 Diabetes, (2018) [Online] Available through
<https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/health-matters-preventing-type-2-
diabetes/health-matters-preventing-type-2-diabetes#:~:text=The%20goals%20of%20the
%20NHS,diabetes%2C%20over%20the%20longer%20term>