Principles of Learning and Teaching

Running head: PRINCIPLES OF LEARNING AND TEACHING
Principles of Learning and Teaching
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1PRINCIPLES OF LEARNING AND TEACHING
1. How does learning occur in Behaviourism?
- As per the behaviourists, the knowledge prevails independently and outside of the people.
For them, learners are a blank slate that are to be provided with experience (Waisbord, 2018).
In behaviourism, learning occurs when the new changes and behaviours are attained by
means of association of the responses and stimuli. In other words, it can be said that it is
association that leads to change in the behaviour and this learning behaviour is completely
based on the objectively observable changes that takes place in the behaviour of the
individual.
2. What are three factors that influence learning in Constructivism?
- It is to note that the main focus of constructivism is on the creation of cognitive tools that
reflect the wisdom of the culture in which they are used and the experiences and the insights
of the individuals. As per (), there is absolutely no needs for acquisition of the self-contained,
fixed and abstract details and concepts. In order to be successful, long lasting and
meaningful, learning needs to include the three important factors and they are- Activity,
culture and concept (Li, 2015). Activity refers to practice, culture refers to context and
concept refers to the knowledge and these are the factors that influence learning in
constructivism.
3. Describe briefly two types of learning OR two classroom activities that are good
examples of Cognitivist Learning Theory?
- The two classroom activities that are good examples of Cognitivist Learning Theory are:
 Asking the students to reflect on their experiences (Ashman & Conway, 2017)
 Helping the students in finding out new solutions to the problems that they face or the
problems suggested by the teachers and justifying and explaining their solutions and
thinking