Requirement Analysis and Modelling: A Case Study of Printing Incorporated Book Publishing

This report discusses the current system issues of Printing Incorporated Book Publishing and proposes a solution through system analysis and design. It includes data models, data events, and requirements of the system. The report also provides a data dictionary, process descriptions, and scope of the current system.

Running head: REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Requirement Analysis and Modelling: A Case Study of Printing
Incorporated Book Publishing
Name of the Student
Name of the University

1REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Executive Summary
The report reflects the Printing Incorporated Book Publishing’s background, current system
issues, data models, data events and many more. The current information system of Printing
Incorporated Book Publishing is not sufficient enough to support the business. The organization
has fifty employee strength. The sales process of the organization is not properly tracked using
the access database. The database is created and updated in Technical Services Department. The
absence of communication between the databases result in various issues like two sales persons
may court same author. The organization is not able to track sales person performance.

2REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Table of Contents
Introduction:....................................................................................................................................3
Organization Background:...............................................................................................................3
Scope (Current System):..................................................................................................................6
Documentation:................................................................................................................................8
Data dictionary:...........................................................................................................................8
Process Descriptions:...................................................................................................................9
Conclusion:....................................................................................................................................10
Bibliography:.................................................................................................................................11
Appendices:...................................................................................................................................13
Appendix 1: Event Table...........................................................................................................13
Appendix 2: Context Diagram...................................................................................................21
Appendix 3: 0 Level DFD.........................................................................................................22
Appendix 4: 1 Level DFD.........................................................................................................23
Appendix 5: ERD......................................................................................................................24

3REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Introduction:
Printing Incorporated Book Publishing is currently facing numerous issues regarding data
and business process management. The system analysis and design can be the solution to current
issues of the organizations by adding value to their Technical Services Department. The system
analysis and design is developed to collect the business and user requirements and converting
those into system requirements.
The report is mainly created to catch the current issues in the system of Printing
Incorporated Book Publishing. The report is proposed for collecting requirements of the
organization and converting them into data models.
The report states the rationale of the work following by the background of Printing
Incorporated Book Publishing. The report is completely based on the current situation of Printing
Incorporated Book Publishing. The report contains the requirements of the system and consist of
data dictionary. The top-level processes and one low level processes are described.
The information for completing this report was mainly collected from the academic
sources and books. Few websites provide tutorials for creating DFD models, ERD and event
tables. The basic knowledge was gathered from the authentic websites. The in-depth knowledge
grew after reading the journals and best practices.
Organization Background:
Portrayal discussion of Printing Incorporated Book Publishing Business: Printing
Incorporated Book Publishing has taken publishing of books in digital platform as the role
project functioning. The books that are generally published in the digital platform ensures the

4REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
fact that the books that are published by individual publishers are taken into consideration. The
origin of the e book publishing company was concerned with the writings that influenced
feminist state pf mind. The headquarters of the e book publishing company is situated in
Melbourne and the entire processing is controlled from the main branch. Despite the fact that the
number of employees that were present during the initiation of the company was very less, the
expansion rate of the organization was very high and Printing Incorporated Book Publishing
soon became a leading e book publishing organization. Soon the organization was capable
enough to publish online catalogues of their organization and this organization was one of the
first five companies of launch their catalogue as a digital business making organization.
The technology that is implemented in the processing of data management is that the
authors who do not have enough capability or source to launch their book, the author can
approach the Printing Incorporated Book Publishing Company for publishing their writings in
the digital platform. In that case the Printing Incorporated Book Publishing company goes
through the content that are present in the functioning of the project and in case the Printing
Incorporated Book Publishing company likes the content that is prepared by the author, it gets
published in the digital platform and this leads to te fact that the author whose writings were
published in the digital platform gets paid in the initial stage, leading to the terminology that the
Printing Incorporated Book Publishing company makes the entire profit from the sales of the
book and in case the author wants to publish the book himself, that facility is also present and in
that case the author gets a share of the profit that is earned by the Printing Incorporated Book
Publishing company.
Since the introduction of Printing Incorporated Book Publishing Company, revolution in
the processing if the printing if digitalized platform based books has taken place and this leads to

5REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
the fact that Printing Incorporated Book Publishing Company has been highly benefitted from
this evolution of e book reading terminologies. With passing time, Printing Incorporated Book
Publishing Company has evolved as an institution and technological advancement is seen in the
functioning of the technology in the Printing Incorporated Book Publishing Company. This
incurs the fact that Printing Incorporated Book Publishing Company has been collaborating with
the Amazon and other e book trading organization for increasing the popularity of the process.
This is the sole reason that the expansion of Printing Incorporated Book Publishing Company is
maintained in a constant and exponential rate.
With this growth rate Printing Incorporated Book Publishing company is aiming to hire
more employees and complete the working process with highest efficiency. This is the main
reason that the data procurement is managed with better accuracy. In current time there are 2
branches present in the course of the locality of Melbourne, out of which both the offices are
allocated with different function ensuring that the efficiency of the functioning is maintained.
One of the branch deals with the sales operation if the Printing Incorporated Book Publishing
Company and the other organization deals with the operational management of Printing
Incorporated Book Publishing Company.
Issues present in the completion of the project: Major issue that is present in the
completion of the project is that the monitoring of the project initiation is not present in Printing
Incorporated Book Publishing Company. This leads to the fact that the data management of te
Printing Incorporated Book Publishing company is not maintained with utmost efficiency. This
is the sole reason that the expansion of Printing Incorporated Book Publishing Company has not
been at its highest point. Probation if author management during the publication of the boo in the
digital platform acts as the main problem

6REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Uncontrollable operational process also acts as the major problem in the course of data
management of the Printing Incorporated Book Publishing Company. Loyalty issue is also
present in the course of operational process harms the organization to the highest level. Loyalty
issue of the authors has also been an issue for Printing Incorporated Book Publishing Company.
Centralized database has also been acting as the major problem in the course of data
management. This is because access to the data that are present in the database can be accessed
by imposters and the authenticity of the entire process is affected in a negative node.
Current System’s Objectives and Constraints: The current system has the following
objectives.
i. Catching the sales data for individual sales person and store in the access database
ii. Store author data
iii. Store book data
iv. Sell e-books online
v. Promote e-books
The constraints of the system are as following.
i. No centralized database
ii. No existence of information system
iii. Not able to store the sales data into a centralized location
iv. Not able to track the manuscripts
v. Not able to show several combined artists

7REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Scope (Current System):
Functional Requirement:
i. Login: The customer may want to login to the website for purchasing the book
and access purchase history.
ii. Registration: In order to login, the customer must have an account. The customer
can create an account after registration.
iii. Purchase: The customer can purchase an e-book from the website of Printing
Incorporated Book Publishing website.
iv. Payment: The customer can make payment using the cheque, through bank or
credit card. The organization allows the customer to have the product once the
payment is successful.
v. Send Manuscript: The author sends the manuscript to Printing Incorporated Book
Publishing. Printing Incorporated Book Publishing stores the manuscripts in
plastic bins.
Non-Functional Requirements:
i. Security: The website and access database of Printing Incorporated Book
Publishing must be secured properly. The data security is a crucial part of Printing
Incorporated Book Publishing’s business.
ii. Availability: The website of Printing Incorporated Book Publishing should be
available to the customer 24*7 as a customer can buy a book whenever he/she
wants.

8REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
iii. Usability: The website is easy to use. The navigation of the website is properly
implemented.
Techniques of Identifying the Use Cases:
i. User Goal Technique: this process helps in understanding the demands of the
global audience and the data processing can be done with the help of discussing
with the client that are present in the course of data management. This leads to the
fact that the stock that is stored is of high quality
ii. CRUD Technique: this system considers the processing of data that are generated
by the machine itself
Documentation:
Data dictionary:
Logical data dictionaries:
i. Customer Registration: Customer Email + Name + Address + Contact Number +
Address + Date of Birth + SSN
ii. Order: Customer ID + Book ID + Book Cost + Order Date Time
iii. Payment: Order ID + Payment ID + Customer ID + Cost + Discount ID + Total
Amount
Physical data dictionaries:
Attribute Name Format Type Size Description
bookID 000 Number 8 Primary key
name Varchar 40 Name of the

9REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
book
genre Varchar 30 The category of
the book
pages 000 Number 8 Number of pages
available in the
book
volume 00 Number 10 The volume of
the book
publishYear Date The year in
which the book
was published
summary Text The summary of
the book in brief
price Decimal 10,2 The cost of the
book
Process Descriptions:
Top Level Processes:
i. Register: The customer of Printing Incorporated Book Publishing registers into
website.
ii. Login: The customer login to the website using email and password provided
during registration
iii. Purchase: The customer purchase book from the website

10REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
iv. Make payment: The customer makes payment for every purchase
Lower Level Processes:
i. Verify Email: The customer verifies email when registering to the website
Conclusion:
The report concludes that there were several issues that is responsible for the current
problems that is being is faced by the Printing Incorporated Book Publishing. The issues were
identified when a thorough review was made through the system. The issues as identified in the
review was related to the data and business process management. The solution has been
identified with adding value to the technical service department. One of the main issue that the
system was facing is the inability of the system to keep track of the sales record of the books,
especially when the sales are made through various channel as. The current system that is
designed has taken this fact into the design and proper improvement has been made so that
system address these issue perfectly. There were also some problem regarding to the payment for
the books, these feature has also been improved as well. The system is now more efficient for
recording the payment details along with recording details regarding the nonpayment details. The
process for keeping the customer record has also been improved so that the system becomes
robust and secure, thus making the system more successful than before. Things that have been
improved too after recording of the author details, process for storing and checking report
regarding the plagiarism checking and other related aspects of the system for making an overall
improvement to the system.
v.

11REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Bibliography:
Ahadi, A., Behbood, V., Vihavainen, A., Prior, J. and Lister, R., 2016, February. Students'
Syntactic Mistakes in Writing Seven Different Types of SQL Queries and its Application to
Predicting Students' Success. In Proceedings of the 47th ACM Technical Symposium on
Computing Science Education (pp. 401-406). ACM.
Ahadi, A., Prior, J., Behbood, V. and Lister, R., 2015, June. A quantitative study of the relative
difficulty for novices of writing seven different types of SQL queries. In Proceedings of the
2015 ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education (pp. 201-
206). ACM.
Al-Masree, H.K., 2015. Extracting Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) from relational database
schema. International Journal of Database Theory and Application, 8(3), pp.15-26.
Dick, J., Hull, E. and Jackson, K., 2017. Requirements engineering. Springer.
Evans, R., Richard, G. and Rogers, A., 2016. GSU Event Portal.
Kadam, K.S. and Onkar, V.C., 2015. A review paper on student information supervision system.
International Journal of Research In Science & Engineering, 1, pp.66-72.
Khan, F., Jan, S.R., Tahir, M., Khan, S. and Ullah, F., 2016. Survey: Dealing Non-Functional
Requirements at Architecture Level. VFAST Transactions on Software Engineering, 9(2), pp.7-
13.
Long, J.E., 2018. Relationships between common graphical representations used in system
engineering. INSIGHT, 21(1), pp.8-11.

12REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Plataniotis, G., Ma, Q., Proper, E. and de Kinderen, S., 2015, May. Traceability and modeling of
requirements in enterprise architecture from a design rationale perspective. In Research
Challenges in Information Science (RCIS), 2015 IEEE 9th International Conference on (pp. 518-
519). IEEE.
Putra, D.A., Jasmi, K.A., Basiron, B., Huda, M., Maseleno, A., Shankar, K. and Aminudin, N.,
2018. Tactical Steps for E-Government Development. International Journal of Pure and Applied
Mathematics, 119(15), pp.2251-2258.

13REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Appendices:
Appendix 1: Event Table
Event Trigger Source Use Cases Response Destination
External Request
made by
customer
for new
account
New
customer
Customer Registratio
n
Registratio
n form
Customer
Verificatio
n number
provided to
customer
through
email
Existence
of the
email
Customer Email
Verificatio
n
entered
number is
put into
verification
Customer
verification
code sent
to mobile
Existence
of the
contact
number
Customer Contact
Verificatio
n
Provided
number is
checked
and
verified
Customer

14REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Customer
makes an
attempt to
log into
account
check for
the email
and
password
Customer Login Provided
email and
password is
put into
verification
Customer
request
made by
customer to
view the
book
preview
page
checked
Customer Preview of
book
book
opened in
the preview
mode
Customer
book added
into cart by
customer
Book
price with
quantity
Customer Add to Cart book
displayed
in cart
Customer
book
deleted by
customer
from cart
Book
price
along
with the
quantity
Customer Delete from
Cart
amount of
book
reduced,
otherwise
removed
completely
Customer
order
placed by
customer
books
name,
quantity ,
Customer Place Order Confirm
order
Customer

15REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
price
along
with total
cost
payment
made by
customer
Total cost
and the
date of
payment
Customer Payment
made
Customer
is provided
the option
to
Download
the Book
Customer
payment
method
chosen by
customer
Payment
type
Customer Payment
Method
Show
options
Customer
Script
uploaded
from the
author side
Script
Details
Author Add Script Show
status bar
Author
Change
made in the
Script
details
Author Change
Script
Mark
changes
Author

16REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Script by
author
Tempora
l
Reports
including
the details
of ordering
made for
parts,
orders
already
delivered,
invoice of
the orders
for which
payments
is yet to
made as
well as
report for
order
Time
(after
each
months
ends)
System is
generated
automaticall
y
Reports
made
available in
monthly
basis
Monthly
reports
Management
; Geoff;
Relevant
staff

17REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
delivered
message is
sent after
payment is
made
successfull
y
Payment
amount,
order id
and books
purchased
System is
generated
automaticall
y
Payment
Notificatio
n is sent to
user
email sent
to the
customer
Customer
email and
password
as put by
users is
verified
database
stores the
provided
email
address
with the
password
System is
generated
automaticall
y
input for
the login is
checked
input is
checked
with the
data
already
existing in
the
database
Customer
script is
verified
and also
checked
with
respect to
the existing
Plagiaris
m is
checked
for the
scripts
System is
generated
automaticall
y
Authenticit
y for the
script is
reviewed
warning
shown to
the author
Author

18REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
scripts
bank
details is
verified
and
reviewed
for the
authenticit
y
Account
number
and
account
holder
System is
generated
automaticall
y
Checking is
done for
ensuring
the
existence of
account
error
message is
shown
Author
State e-book
corrupted
Book id
and name
Customer Report
Book
An e-copy
of book to
is made
available
for the
customer
Customer
Bank is not
having the
required
balance
Payment
ID and
bank
details
Bank Error for
the
payment is
displayed
customer
views the
error
message
Customer
Script
provided
by the
Script id Reviewer Rejection
Message
The system
sends a
message is
Author

19REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
author is
Rejected
sent by the
system
providing
the reason
for
rejection of
the script
Order
Cancel
Order ID System is
generated
automaticall
y
Reason for
cancelation
of order
an email is
sent by the
system
Customer
Data Fragments:

20REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING

21REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Appendix 2: Context Diagram
Figure 1: Context Diagram
(Source: Created by Author)

22REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
Appendix 3: 0 Level DFD
Figure 2: 0 Level Data Flow Diagram
(Source: Created by Author)
Appendix 4: 1 Level DFD
Figure 3: 1 Level Data Flow Diagram

23REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND MODELLING
(Source: Created by Author)
Appendix 5: ERD
Figure 4: Entity Relationship Diagram
(Source: Created by Author)