Problem Solving and Decision Making presentation and report

This report discusses the impact of complex problems on organizations and their employees, causes of problems faced by UK employees, alternative solutions to work-related stress, and more. It also includes a plan to implement the decision to solve a complex problem and success indicators to measure the effectiveness of the decision.

Problem Solving and
Decision Making
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Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
Impact of complex problem on organisations and their employees.......................................4
Cause of problems faced by UK employees in organisation with support of Fishbone Diagram
................................................................................................................................................5
Analysis of UK organisations with support of SWOT Analysis............................................5
Macro environmental factors contributing to complex problem............................................7
Alternative solutions to work-related stress...........................................................................8
Success Indicators..................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11
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INTRODUCTION
Problem solving is an analytical tool that is used to identify the possible solutions to the
situation at hand. Making decisions is a part of problem solving. It is a complex process and
judgement calls or decisions will have to be made on the way. Problem solving and decision
making both are important at work place because they support in variety of situations that come
at the workplace(Herde and et.al., 2016). In the present report, a case is taken into consideration
on “Stress in the UK-statistics & facts. The present report covers discussion about nature and
impact of complex problem on employees and their organisation. In addition to this, the analysis
is about cause and effect analysis of complex problem and also about alternative solutions to
work-related stress. Moreover, the present report covers discussion about a plan to implement the
decision to solve a complex problem. The report consist of success indicators to measure the
effectiveness of decision.
MAIN BODY
TASK 1
(Covered under ppt)
TASK 2
Impact of complex problem on organisations and their employees
According to survey respondent in the year of 2020, the most common types of stress in
the United Kingdom are work-related in context to case study. The population of British people
have to face stress related to financial stability as well. Younger generation and generation Z
people are feeling more stressed as compared to baby boomers. In terms of case study, it has
been observed that there was more stress in the year of 2020 as compared to year 2019
according to a survey of UK organisation(Berman and Feinblatt., 2015). The most common
cause of stress at work for both the genders were work-related politics. The department with the
highest levels of stress in the UK was customer services, possibly due to high exposure to
customers. Pressure is mostly from senior management positions and sales departments.
The impact on the UK population of this kind of stress is that they start facing illness
related to stress that is account for over 14.7 billion U.S. dollars of healthcare expenditure per
year in the UK country. Majority of money is generated from inpatient admissions as a result of
stress-related conditions. In UK country, there are over 5.5 million inpatient admissions were the
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result of stress-related conditions. With respect to case study, the most common symptom of
stress-related illness in UK country that has been observed in employees was chest pain. This is
the main reason due to which over 943 thousand hospital admissions has been observed.
Cause of problems faced by UK employees in organisation with support of Fishbone Diagram
A fishbone diagram is a mimics of fish skeleton. It is a visualisation tool for categorising
the potential causes of a problem. This tool is majorly used in order to identify a problem’s root
causes. It is typically used for root cause analysis and this diagram combines the practice of
brainstorming with a type of mind map template. To determine cause and effect, it should be
efficient as a test case technique(Shogren and Wehmeyer., 2017).This diagram is basically useful
in troubleshooting processes and product development. It is typically used to focus on a
conversation around a problem. This diagram works in such a manner that where underlying
problem is placed at the fish’s head and causes extend to the left as the bones of the skeleton.
The ribs branch off the back and denote major causes while sub branches branch off of the
causes and denote root causes.
With respect to case study, the main cause of stress is work-related pressure and politics
in that environment. Financial stress is also one of the main cause of stress-related illness among
employees and population of UK country. The main reason of stress at work place is politics
related to work for competing into rational manner. There has been pressure on employees
related to their own performance at work place. This complex problem has mainly arises due to
need of a good financial parameter. For fulfilling the needs of family, the working professional
also take pressure to earn on a large scale. So apart from work-place pressure, there is also
financial pressure as well.
Analysis of UK organisations with support of SWOT Analysis
This analysis is helpful in terms of identifying an organisation’s strengths and
weaknesses and also about possible opportunities with potential threats(Johnson and Tubau.,
2015). It act as support system in terms of what parameters are good at and address about what
you are lacking and also minimises risks.
STRENGTHS
 UK organisations have innovation factor due to which they grow on a faster pace manner.
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 They have strong technological factor so that they can reach to a next higher level within
a set period of time.
WEAKNESSES
Work pressure reduces the potential level of employees of UK organisation.
Stress related to work also reduces the growth of employees of UK organisations.
Illustration: Swot Analysis
Source : Swot Analysis-Wikipedia
OPPORTUNITIES
 UK organisations have their own levels due to which it gives opportunities to employees
for further new projects and development as well.
 When organisations upgrade themselves on technical aspect then they give chance to
their employees to explore their field in technical aspects on international level.
THREATS
 Due to work pressure at organisational level it becomes challenging for UK employees to
maintain their personal and professional life.
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 When there is extra pressure and work load in professional life then employees feel
exhausted due to which they think about quitting the job and tried to find out other
alternatives where they can work into relaxed manner.
Macro environmental factors contributing to complex problem
PESTLE stands for political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental
factors.
Political Factors: These factors basically includes tax policy, environmental regulations, trade
restrictions and reforms and political stability as well. Due to BREXIT situation, it somewhere
affected the political stability of the UK country(Sheldon and et.al., 2015). With this instability
they have to face certain issues and it was challenging to take appropriate decision for the
country.
Economic Factors: These factors basically includes economic growth/decline, inflation, interest,
exchange, credit availability and cost of living. Due to BREXIT situation, the economic stability
is not very high and they have to face difficulty in terms of maintaining their economic growth.
Social Factors: These factors include cultural norms and expectations, health consciousness,
population growth, career attitude, health and safety. Due to COVID situation, it has been
observed that stress level has increased due to which they can’t interact with large number of
people and social interaction remains at very low level. This pandemic situation also swallow
jobs of various kinds of people due to which stress level has increased among population of UK
country.
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Technological Factors: These factors means that the innovation and development in
technologies. These factors majorly impacts the operational part. Due to COVID situation
technological development and trends have changed related to way of working. In this pandemic
situation when population of UK country has facing stress level on large scale then most of the
people have changed the way of working to match according to the current situation.
Legal Factors: These factors basically includes changes to legislation impacting employment,
access to materials, imports/exports and taxation. The pandemic situation and BREXIT condition
has changed some rules and regulations due to which it increases pressure on population of UK
country. It is also challenging for people to adopt this change.
Environmental Factors: These factors are mainly related to effect of surrounding environment
and influence of ecological aspects. It includes waste disposal laws, environmental protection
laws and energy consumption law. In this pandemic situation, when population of UK country
can’t move out of their house then they somewhere support environment by not creating
pollution(Rozas and et.al., 2021). This pandemic situation has reduces the transport level and
people use those resources which are biodegradable so that it reduces the issues related to
environment. In this way, PESTLE analysis has contributed in terms of macro-environmental
factors for analysing this complex problem.
Alternative solutions to work-related stress
PMI is also known as plus, minus and interesting decision making tools. It is a
brainstorming, critical thinking and decision making tool. It is basically used for examining
concepts, ideas and experiences from more than one perspective. It is used to generate discussion
around the negatives, positives and implications related with a particular idea or concept. This
tool is helpful for purpose of brainstorming of ideas and make decisions on quick basis by
analysing and weighing pros and cons as well. This tool is also helpful in identifying strengths
and weaknesses for future improvement. With respect to case study, this decision tool help in
terms of solving the issues at organisational level. This is a kind of tool which analyses the
situation and see the problem from every perspective and then decision has been taken for
finding out solution of the problem(Lesh and et.al., 2020). There are certain problems at
organisational level like absence of clear direction, poor communication and failure in terms of
developing key competencies and behaviours. These problems ca be resolved through this
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decision making tool because it analyses the situation without any biasness and then final
decision has been taken.
Implementation tools
Solution of the difficult problem
 For reducing work-related stress at organisational level, they have to introduce a new
system for this purpose
 An organisation can organise fun and gaming activities in order to achieve organisational
objectives and goals within a period of time.
 An organisation can organise yoga classes in a particular time frame so that employees
can reduce their stress level by taking short-breaks in between.
 Organisation can also arrange small trips or give offers to their employees for holiday
packages so that employees come back with fresh new energy. When employees enjoy
these trips then they come up with new ideas and point of views to work again with their
full potential.
Implementation plan of difficult problem
 Organisation have to take initiative towards organising such activities which contribute in
terms of reducing work-related stress.
 For reducing the stress level an organisation can also revive their work-procedure as well
and can also introduce new way of working which will help in terms of reducing their
stress level.
 They can also make their work procedure smarter and effective as well so that work
pressure can be reduced into positive manner
 An organisation can understand their employees by interacting them into deeper manner
so that they can share their problems and can contribute in terms of reducing their stress-
level.
In this way, an organisation can introduce a system related to reducing stress-level where lots
of activities have been conducted into this context.
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Success Indicators
When this new system has implemented successfully at organisational level then it shows
that employees work happily and in successful manner as well. When results start achieving
beyond the expectation of the company and performance of employees comes into positive
category. Then these are the success indicators which shows that UK country employees are
happy from their organisation and they are satisfied with services of the company(Chatterjee, S.,
2016). It also shows that when an organisation start achieving goals and objectives in a very
easier form without any hard push then it shows that organisation and their employees are
performing in satisfied manner. These are the success indicators which shows that employees are
working without any stress level and have positive attitude towards work.
CONCLUSION
The above stated report concludes that stress level in UK country is very high due to
which many health problems have been increased. The main reason of stress is work pressure in
their professional life ad also they have pressure of financial parameter as well. It becomes
challenging for UK employees to maintain their professional and personal life into successful
manner. The stress level is not only on men but women also comes into this category. In this
competitive world, women also have responsibility towards financial parameter to fulfil the
needs and requirements of their families. It has been determined that these stress related diseases
can be resolved through taking some healthy steps towards work-life balance. In this manner,
stress level can be minimized for employees working in an organisation.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Herde and et.al., 2016. Assessment of complex problem solving: what we know and what we
don’t know. Applied Measurement in Education, 29(4), pp.265-277.
Berman, G. and Feinblatt, J., 2015. Good courts: The case for problem-solving justice (Vol. 8).
Quid Pro Books.
Shogren, K. A. and Wehmeyer, M. L., 2017. Problem solving. Development of self-determination
through the life-course, pp.251-260.
Johnson, E. D. and Tubau, E., 2015. Comprehension and computation in Bayesian problem
solving. Frontiers in psychology, 6, p.938.
Sheldon and et.al., 2015. Ill-defined problem solving in amnestic mild cognitive impairment:
Linking episodic memory to effective solution generation. Neuropsychologia, 68,
pp.168-175.
Rozas and et.al., 2021. Solving in real-time the dynamic and stochastic shortest path problem for
electric vehicles by a prognostic decision making strategy. Expert Systems with
Applications, 184, p.115489.
Lesh and et.al., 2020. Foundations for the future in mathematics education. Routledge.
Chatterjee, S., 2016, March. A synthesis of structural creative problem solving in the perspective
of OR/MS methodology. In 2016 International Conference on Computational
Techniques in Information and Communication Technologies (ICCTICT) (pp. 398-403).
IEEE.
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