Process of Cement Manufacturing

RUNNING HEAD: PROCESS OF CEMENT PRODUCTION
Process of Cement Manufacturing
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Institutional affiliation

PROCESS OF CEMENT PRODUCTION 2
INTRODUCTION
The important material for construction is the cement. It is applied in the production of the
structures including roads, bridges and buildings. Clay, coal and limestone are the materials
applied in the process of producing cement. Production of cement is an endless procedure
because is need a large amount of heat hence not economical to run in groups. Raw materials for
producing cement pass through heating, crushing, grinding, and cooling to form the prod uct
which is transported after being packed for sell of use. Portland cement is the main ingredient if
concrete and creates a paste with water that binds with rock and water to harden.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS
Cement is produced in many ways. The wet and dry process can be applied to manufacture
cement although the common process is dry. The first procedure is to get the limestone from the
neighbouring quarry which passes through the process of primary and secondary crushing to
reduce the rock size to 19mm and then moved to the factory for more processing. Materials are
moved on to calciner and preheater prior to transferring to the kiln to heat up to nine hundred to
one thousand degrees Celsius (Kääntee, 2012). Some materials are given off as gases as the
materials move along the kiln. Leftover materials from clinker which is cooled and in the process
hot air are recycled to the kiln. The clinker is then ground with gypsum in the mill of cement to
make the end product which is ground finely called the cement. The product is then distributed
after being packed (Schneider, 2015).

PROCESS OF CEMENT PRODUCTION 3
Figure 1; Block diagram

PROCESS OF CEMENT PRODUCTION 4
Figure 2: Flow diagram of cement production
DETAILED DESCRIPTION PROCESS
The quarry
This is the major start point in the process of producing cement. The quarry is where extraction
of raw material stakes places using bulldozers and loaded on trucks then transferred and moved
for crushing which may be performed on the separate area or site. Cement factory should be
situated near the quarry to lower the cost of transport, energy and environmental pollution caused
by the emission of greenhouse and other hazardous gases. A quarry is ground into very fine
materials then blended in best portions controlled by the requirement. The mixed material is
sorted in a silo prior to be moved to the kiln. The major function of the silo is the storage to
ensure that the process of manufacturing is at continuous flow in time of disturbances like a
failure of machines and less supply of raw materials (Eskandari-Naddaf, 2018).