Impact of Covid-19 on Travelodge Hotels in the Hospitality Sector
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AI Summary
This research assignment discusses the issues and challenges faced by Travelodge Hotels in the hospitality sector due to Covid-19 and provides recommendations to deal with the pandemic situation.
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PROFESSIONAL
DEVELOPMENT AND
PRACTICE (PDP)
DEVELOPMENT AND
PRACTICE (PDP)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
BACKGROUND.............................................................................................................................4
Aim..............................................................................................................................................4
Objective......................................................................................................................................4
Research Questions......................................................................................................................4
Significance.................................................................................................................................4
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY....................................................................................................5
RESEARCH FINDINGS.................................................................................................................7
Primary research data..................................................................................................................7
Critical evaluation of identified issues......................................................................................17
RECOMMENDATIONS...............................................................................................................20
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................21
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................23
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................26
Questionnaire.............................................................................................................................26
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
BACKGROUND.............................................................................................................................4
Aim..............................................................................................................................................4
Objective......................................................................................................................................4
Research Questions......................................................................................................................4
Significance.................................................................................................................................4
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY....................................................................................................5
RESEARCH FINDINGS.................................................................................................................7
Primary research data..................................................................................................................7
Critical evaluation of identified issues......................................................................................17
RECOMMENDATIONS...............................................................................................................20
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................21
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................23
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................26
Questionnaire.............................................................................................................................26
INTRODUCTION
Covid-19 has become one of the major issues for the world because it has impacted
various business sectors like retail, logical, food, clothing and hospitality sector negatively.
Hospitality and Travel and Tourism industry is highly impacted by Covid-19 as compared other
industries such as retail industry enable to sell it’s product and services across the world through
digital media. But hotel industry cannot sell it’s hospitality services to the customer. There are
most of countries governments have taken initiatives of lockdown to break chain of virus
spreading and alerts people not to go out from their houses and avoids travelling and staying in
hotels. Such alteration in people brings scariness so people are avoiding to go for visitingdue to
this no one booking hotels for staying purpose (Fernandes, 2020). Such consequences have
brought huge financial loss in the hospitality industry. Wide number of employees have lost their
job in hospitalitysectors because most of hospitalitycompanies have closed. In this research
assignment will discuss about issues or challenges which are faced by Travelodge company in
hospitalitysector due to Covid-19.
This research will prove helpful for the hospitality sectorbecause in recent time, most of
the hospitalitycompanies are facing biggest challengesdue to Covid-19. As know this pandemic
is not only impacted UK’s hospitality industry but also entire world’s hospitality industry. There
are various hospitality companies which unable to close their business in this sector because
maintenance cost and productivity of employees are quite high so they unable to pay on time.
This research assignment will evaluate all realistic issues which are facing by hospitality
companies in the hospitality sector. In this research will take all realistic and authentic data
related to research topic so that adequate conclusion can be portrayed (Fletcher, 2017).This
research assignment will discuss over solutions to deal with such pandemic situation which will
supports entirehospitalitysector to sustain in the business market and make them active to deal
with such consequences in future. Overall, this research willprove productive and solution of
existing and upcoming challenges related to hospitalitysector.
Travelodge Hotels is aprivate limited organization which runs it’s business in hotels and
hospitality sector effectively across the UK. It is one of the largest independent hotel brands in
UK along with it’s 570 hotels. It is highly impacted by Covid-19 like other hospitality
companies. It offers hospitality services only in UK with it’s chains but when UK’s government
announced for lockdown strictly then UK’s population and other countries people do not plan for
3
Covid-19 has become one of the major issues for the world because it has impacted
various business sectors like retail, logical, food, clothing and hospitality sector negatively.
Hospitality and Travel and Tourism industry is highly impacted by Covid-19 as compared other
industries such as retail industry enable to sell it’s product and services across the world through
digital media. But hotel industry cannot sell it’s hospitality services to the customer. There are
most of countries governments have taken initiatives of lockdown to break chain of virus
spreading and alerts people not to go out from their houses and avoids travelling and staying in
hotels. Such alteration in people brings scariness so people are avoiding to go for visitingdue to
this no one booking hotels for staying purpose (Fernandes, 2020). Such consequences have
brought huge financial loss in the hospitality industry. Wide number of employees have lost their
job in hospitalitysectors because most of hospitalitycompanies have closed. In this research
assignment will discuss about issues or challenges which are faced by Travelodge company in
hospitalitysector due to Covid-19.
This research will prove helpful for the hospitality sectorbecause in recent time, most of
the hospitalitycompanies are facing biggest challengesdue to Covid-19. As know this pandemic
is not only impacted UK’s hospitality industry but also entire world’s hospitality industry. There
are various hospitality companies which unable to close their business in this sector because
maintenance cost and productivity of employees are quite high so they unable to pay on time.
This research assignment will evaluate all realistic issues which are facing by hospitality
companies in the hospitality sector. In this research will take all realistic and authentic data
related to research topic so that adequate conclusion can be portrayed (Fletcher, 2017).This
research assignment will discuss over solutions to deal with such pandemic situation which will
supports entirehospitalitysector to sustain in the business market and make them active to deal
with such consequences in future. Overall, this research willprove productive and solution of
existing and upcoming challenges related to hospitalitysector.
Travelodge Hotels is aprivate limited organization which runs it’s business in hotels and
hospitality sector effectively across the UK. It is one of the largest independent hotel brands in
UK along with it’s 570 hotels. It is highly impacted by Covid-19 like other hospitality
companies. It offers hospitality services only in UK with it’s chains but when UK’s government
announced for lockdown strictly then UK’s population and other countries people do not plan for
3
visiting and booking hotels. Due to this it has to face huge financial loss in it’s firm. In this
research assignment will cover aims and objective of the Travelodge Hotels.
BACKGROUND
It is evident that the outbreak of the Covid- 19 has heavily jeopardised the growth of the
hospitality sector in UK which was already extremely sceptical about its future after the potential
Brexit that occurred recently. The hospitality industry is the major contributor in the overall GDP
of UK amounting to approximately 5% and the rules of social distancing, cancellation of all
major events, lockdown of the economy etc. have ultimately affected the overall hotel industry
severely (Donthu and Gustafsson, 2020). It is evident that the hotel industry is particular is
facing the most cruel brunt of this pandemic where the smaller business ventures have come to
the point of shut down and the larger organisation are struggling with multiple challenges. It is
therefore necessary to evaluate that how Covid- 19 has affected the sales in the hotel industry
and what are the prominent challenges and problems that they are facing. The research will also
clearly indicate that what the probable solutions are those can be adopted in order to minimise
the negative impact and keep the businesses in hotel industry going.
Aim
“To evaluate the severely negative impact on sales in the hospitality sector of the UK after the
global pandemic of Covid- 19. A case study on Travelodge hotels.”
Objective
To analyse the overall impact of Covid- 19 on the sales in the hospitality sector.
To identify the impact that this pandemic has on the sales of Travelodge hotels in particular.
To discuss the multiple challenges that the declining sales will present.
To develop proper recommendations based on the challenges identified.
Research Questions
How the hospitality industry in UK has been affected by the Covid- 19?
What is the impact of this pandemic of sales of Travelodge hotels?
What are the multiple challenges that arise before the hotel due to declining sales?
Significance
The topic that has been selected details on the different aspects that are associated with the
impact that the global pandemic of Covid- 19 will have and is having on the hospitality sector. It
is important to analyse the negative impacts and challenges that businesses are facing due to the
4
research assignment will cover aims and objective of the Travelodge Hotels.
BACKGROUND
It is evident that the outbreak of the Covid- 19 has heavily jeopardised the growth of the
hospitality sector in UK which was already extremely sceptical about its future after the potential
Brexit that occurred recently. The hospitality industry is the major contributor in the overall GDP
of UK amounting to approximately 5% and the rules of social distancing, cancellation of all
major events, lockdown of the economy etc. have ultimately affected the overall hotel industry
severely (Donthu and Gustafsson, 2020). It is evident that the hotel industry is particular is
facing the most cruel brunt of this pandemic where the smaller business ventures have come to
the point of shut down and the larger organisation are struggling with multiple challenges. It is
therefore necessary to evaluate that how Covid- 19 has affected the sales in the hotel industry
and what are the prominent challenges and problems that they are facing. The research will also
clearly indicate that what the probable solutions are those can be adopted in order to minimise
the negative impact and keep the businesses in hotel industry going.
Aim
“To evaluate the severely negative impact on sales in the hospitality sector of the UK after the
global pandemic of Covid- 19. A case study on Travelodge hotels.”
Objective
To analyse the overall impact of Covid- 19 on the sales in the hospitality sector.
To identify the impact that this pandemic has on the sales of Travelodge hotels in particular.
To discuss the multiple challenges that the declining sales will present.
To develop proper recommendations based on the challenges identified.
Research Questions
How the hospitality industry in UK has been affected by the Covid- 19?
What is the impact of this pandemic of sales of Travelodge hotels?
What are the multiple challenges that arise before the hotel due to declining sales?
Significance
The topic that has been selected details on the different aspects that are associated with the
impact that the global pandemic of Covid- 19 will have and is having on the hospitality sector. It
is important to analyse the negative impacts and challenges that businesses are facing due to the
4
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decline in sales that is being experienced. The research will help in significantly identifying that
what are the different factors that are associated with the overall reduction in the sales of the
hotels in particular. It is important to conduct research in this topic because it will help in the
better analysis of the impact that the pandemic has created currently and will further affect in
future as well (Zheng, Goh and Wen, 2020). This research will help in identifying that what are
the critical challenges that businesses in the hospitality industry will face. This research will also
act as a representative of the problems and probable challenges that will be faced by the
organisations in the hospitality sector of UK specially. Hence the research can be referred not
only by scholars and other researchers but also by the managers and owners of the organisation
who have been operating their businesses in the hospitality sector in UK.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Type: Research is the systematic procedure of searching new ideas, information
and thoughts which helps to influence strength of the business. There are two type
research methods i.e. qualitative and quantitative that supports organization to gather
quality data about topic related to research (Kumar, 2019). However, qualitative method
maintains quality of collected information so that informative content can be recorded for
the research. While quantitative method is the procedure of gathering information into
mathematical term. Qualitative research method will use for gathering data related to
research topic because it requires for maintaining quality of gathered information.
Research Philosophy: This method is properly based on theories which supports to gather
data. This method comprises two type philosophies i.e. positivism and interpretivism.
Positivism philosophy supports to gather actual data which is already available in the
environment. While interpretivism method is used to evaluate reality of business
environment and pick appropriate data from extensive collected date (Gössling, Scottand
Hall, 2020). Positivism philosophy will use for this research because it requires actual
data for further research process.
Research Design: It method helps to introduce research in the business market. This
approach comprises three type research designs i.e. inductive, deductive and abductive.
Inductive research design will practice for this research because it is essential for the
qualitative research method (Islam and Fatema, 2020).
5
what are the different factors that are associated with the overall reduction in the sales of the
hotels in particular. It is important to conduct research in this topic because it will help in the
better analysis of the impact that the pandemic has created currently and will further affect in
future as well (Zheng, Goh and Wen, 2020). This research will help in identifying that what are
the critical challenges that businesses in the hospitality industry will face. This research will also
act as a representative of the problems and probable challenges that will be faced by the
organisations in the hospitality sector of UK specially. Hence the research can be referred not
only by scholars and other researchers but also by the managers and owners of the organisation
who have been operating their businesses in the hospitality sector in UK.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Type: Research is the systematic procedure of searching new ideas, information
and thoughts which helps to influence strength of the business. There are two type
research methods i.e. qualitative and quantitative that supports organization to gather
quality data about topic related to research (Kumar, 2019). However, qualitative method
maintains quality of collected information so that informative content can be recorded for
the research. While quantitative method is the procedure of gathering information into
mathematical term. Qualitative research method will use for gathering data related to
research topic because it requires for maintaining quality of gathered information.
Research Philosophy: This method is properly based on theories which supports to gather
data. This method comprises two type philosophies i.e. positivism and interpretivism.
Positivism philosophy supports to gather actual data which is already available in the
environment. While interpretivism method is used to evaluate reality of business
environment and pick appropriate data from extensive collected date (Gössling, Scottand
Hall, 2020). Positivism philosophy will use for this research because it requires actual
data for further research process.
Research Design: It method helps to introduce research in the business market. This
approach comprises three type research designs i.e. inductive, deductive and abductive.
Inductive research design will practice for this research because it is essential for the
qualitative research method (Islam and Fatema, 2020).
5
Research Approach:It is categorized into three research approaches such as exploratory,
descriptive and explanatory. Descriptive research approach is used understand attitudeof
individuals while explanatory approach is proposed to determine factors which impacts
on business environment directly and indirectly. Exploratory approach is designed to
achieve logical answering of given questions. This approach will use for the research
project.
Research Sampling: There are two methods of data collection such as probably and non-
probably method. Random sampling method will use for this research project because it
offers equal opportunity to the people to become part of sample population accordingly
their acceptance. Travelodge Hotels confirms 10 random employee as sample population
for the interview gathering.
Data Collection: It is another important method of data gathering that plays vital role in
research project. Primary and secondary are two method of data collection. Primary
method is used to gather information through interview session while secondary method
also will use to collect information from published books, internet, social media and
latest articles related research topic. I will use both primary and secondary data for
collecting authentic and realistic content.
Data Analysis: Data analysis research method gives opportunity to pick authentic data
from existing data in efficient manner. Thematic and statistics are two methods of data
analysis whereas thematic method is used to distribute entire collected data into themes
that can be easily interpreted by anyone. Thematic method will use for this research
assignment because it is essential for developing questionnaires from whole collected
data related to research topic.
Ethical Consideration: It is systematic set of rules and legislations that requires to keep
wellbeing of individuals who are going to be major part of sample population.
Accordingly, ethical consideration, researchers should conduct research by undertaking
all ethics and principles which are proposed and imposed by government for such
research project. However, Travelodge Hotels fulfil all ethical consideration and take
care of maintain dignity and respect of sample population in the interview session.
6
descriptive and explanatory. Descriptive research approach is used understand attitudeof
individuals while explanatory approach is proposed to determine factors which impacts
on business environment directly and indirectly. Exploratory approach is designed to
achieve logical answering of given questions. This approach will use for the research
project.
Research Sampling: There are two methods of data collection such as probably and non-
probably method. Random sampling method will use for this research project because it
offers equal opportunity to the people to become part of sample population accordingly
their acceptance. Travelodge Hotels confirms 10 random employee as sample population
for the interview gathering.
Data Collection: It is another important method of data gathering that plays vital role in
research project. Primary and secondary are two method of data collection. Primary
method is used to gather information through interview session while secondary method
also will use to collect information from published books, internet, social media and
latest articles related research topic. I will use both primary and secondary data for
collecting authentic and realistic content.
Data Analysis: Data analysis research method gives opportunity to pick authentic data
from existing data in efficient manner. Thematic and statistics are two methods of data
analysis whereas thematic method is used to distribute entire collected data into themes
that can be easily interpreted by anyone. Thematic method will use for this research
assignment because it is essential for developing questionnaires from whole collected
data related to research topic.
Ethical Consideration: It is systematic set of rules and legislations that requires to keep
wellbeing of individuals who are going to be major part of sample population.
Accordingly, ethical consideration, researchers should conduct research by undertaking
all ethics and principles which are proposed and imposed by government for such
research project. However, Travelodge Hotels fulfil all ethical consideration and take
care of maintain dignity and respect of sample population in the interview session.
6
RESEARCH FINDINGS
Primary research data
The primary research has been conducted in accordance with the aim formulated and the
crticial findings that were collected through the respondents using the questionnaire method will
be analysed in this section. Using the thematic data analysis technique, the collected data can be
presented in following manner.
Theme 1: Maximum of the respondent agreed that Travelodge hotels have been severely
affected.
How has Travelodge been affected by the corona virus
pandemic?
Frequency
Extremely affected 28
Affected 2
Neutral 0
Unaffected 0
Completely unaffected 0
Total 30
Interpretation: The chart above helps in clearly ascertaining that the respondents have been
extremely affected due to the Covid- 19 pandemic and the decline in their business was
significant. This is evident from the fact that h global lockdown of the economies and the
7
Primary research data
The primary research has been conducted in accordance with the aim formulated and the
crticial findings that were collected through the respondents using the questionnaire method will
be analysed in this section. Using the thematic data analysis technique, the collected data can be
presented in following manner.
Theme 1: Maximum of the respondent agreed that Travelodge hotels have been severely
affected.
How has Travelodge been affected by the corona virus
pandemic?
Frequency
Extremely affected 28
Affected 2
Neutral 0
Unaffected 0
Completely unaffected 0
Total 30
Interpretation: The chart above helps in clearly ascertaining that the respondents have been
extremely affected due to the Covid- 19 pandemic and the decline in their business was
significant. This is evident from the fact that h global lockdown of the economies and the
7
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incurable virus forced people to shift back to their homes and ultimately the hotel industry has
faced the most severe consequences (Kurmann, Lale and Ta, 2020). Hence, it is logical that 28
out of the 30 respondents stated that they were severely affected from the pandemic.
Theme 2: All the respondents were found to have begun the acceptance of the guests.
Have you begun acceptance of guests? Frequency
Yes 30
No 0
Total 30
Interpretation: The illustration depicts that all the respondents have prepared their hotels for the
recipient of guests in the different branches of Travelodge hotels spread throughout UK. This is a
logical flow of activities when after the lockdown, the businesses are slowly opening up and
hence the Travelodge hotels are also being opened again ready to invite and serve customers.
The fact that none of the respondent has kept the hotel shut down indicates the keenness of the
management of Travelodge hotel to be back into business as soon as possible (Baum and Hai,
2020).
Theme 3: The arrival frequency of visitors is rare in most of the hotels.
What is the arrival frequency of the guests in the hotel post Frequency
8
faced the most severe consequences (Kurmann, Lale and Ta, 2020). Hence, it is logical that 28
out of the 30 respondents stated that they were severely affected from the pandemic.
Theme 2: All the respondents were found to have begun the acceptance of the guests.
Have you begun acceptance of guests? Frequency
Yes 30
No 0
Total 30
Interpretation: The illustration depicts that all the respondents have prepared their hotels for the
recipient of guests in the different branches of Travelodge hotels spread throughout UK. This is a
logical flow of activities when after the lockdown, the businesses are slowly opening up and
hence the Travelodge hotels are also being opened again ready to invite and serve customers.
The fact that none of the respondent has kept the hotel shut down indicates the keenness of the
management of Travelodge hotel to be back into business as soon as possible (Baum and Hai,
2020).
Theme 3: The arrival frequency of visitors is rare in most of the hotels.
What is the arrival frequency of the guests in the hotel post Frequency
8
pandemic?
Regular 0
Once in a while 4
Rarely 25
Customers are no longer visiting 1
Total 30
Interpretation: The pie chart above indicates that 83% of the respondents agreed that the visitors
in the hotels are still rare. This can be interpreted from the fact that after Brexit, the uncertainty
related to trade relations between UK and EU and the trade fairs in consequence were already
affecting the tourists and visitors in the country. Now this global pandemic has further reduced
the overall chances of gaining visitors thus affecting their numbers significantly (Gössling, Scott
and Hall, 2020).
Theme 4: Majority of the respondents have begun to operate their restaurants as usual now
that the lockdown has been removed.
Currently, are you operating as quarantine centre or housing
health care workers or homeless?
Frequency
Health care workers 5
Quarantine 5
9
Regular 0
Once in a while 4
Rarely 25
Customers are no longer visiting 1
Total 30
Interpretation: The pie chart above indicates that 83% of the respondents agreed that the visitors
in the hotels are still rare. This can be interpreted from the fact that after Brexit, the uncertainty
related to trade relations between UK and EU and the trade fairs in consequence were already
affecting the tourists and visitors in the country. Now this global pandemic has further reduced
the overall chances of gaining visitors thus affecting their numbers significantly (Gössling, Scott
and Hall, 2020).
Theme 4: Majority of the respondents have begun to operate their restaurants as usual now
that the lockdown has been removed.
Currently, are you operating as quarantine centre or housing
health care workers or homeless?
Frequency
Health care workers 5
Quarantine 5
9
Homeless 0
Running restaurant as usual 20
Others 0
Total 30
Interpretation: There were only as few as 5 out of 30 respondents who are operating as a centre
for either health care workers or for acting as quarantine centres. Remaining all the Travelodge
hotels are working as the restaurants only ready to serve their customers as soon as they arrive.
The ones that are operating as centres are also in their last phase and are in process to quickly
begin their restaurants again (Al-Awadhi and et.al., 2020). Additionally, none of the hotels acted
as a shelter to homeless or involved in any other activity.
Theme 5: Welfare schemes were the most common form of assistance that was received by the
respondents.
Have you received assistance from the government in any
manner?
Frequency
Assistance through loans 8
Implementation of different welfare schemes 10
Tax relief 8
All of the above 0
10
Running restaurant as usual 20
Others 0
Total 30
Interpretation: There were only as few as 5 out of 30 respondents who are operating as a centre
for either health care workers or for acting as quarantine centres. Remaining all the Travelodge
hotels are working as the restaurants only ready to serve their customers as soon as they arrive.
The ones that are operating as centres are also in their last phase and are in process to quickly
begin their restaurants again (Al-Awadhi and et.al., 2020). Additionally, none of the hotels acted
as a shelter to homeless or involved in any other activity.
Theme 5: Welfare schemes were the most common form of assistance that was received by the
respondents.
Have you received assistance from the government in any
manner?
Frequency
Assistance through loans 8
Implementation of different welfare schemes 10
Tax relief 8
All of the above 0
10
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None of the above 5
Others 1
Total 30
Interpretation: Implementation of different welfare schemes of the government was found to be
that scheme which was most profitable or which is giving maximum assistance to the Travelodge
hotels operating at different places. These are however closely followed by tax relief and
assistance through loans which have been voted for by 8 out of 30 respondents. The loans are
being given at reduced interest rates with interest charges being waived off for the initial 3 to 4
months and the reliefs in the taxes also collectively acts as a major advantage to the hotels like
Travelodge that operate at such a wide scale in UK (Seetharaman, 2020).
Theme 6: Majority of the respondents agreed that they are facing a variety of challenges.
What according to you is the major challenge that
Travelodge will face post Covid- 19?
Frequency
Occupancy of the rooms 5
Reduced prices 8
Labour supply 7
All of the above 10
Total 30
11
Others 1
Total 30
Interpretation: Implementation of different welfare schemes of the government was found to be
that scheme which was most profitable or which is giving maximum assistance to the Travelodge
hotels operating at different places. These are however closely followed by tax relief and
assistance through loans which have been voted for by 8 out of 30 respondents. The loans are
being given at reduced interest rates with interest charges being waived off for the initial 3 to 4
months and the reliefs in the taxes also collectively acts as a major advantage to the hotels like
Travelodge that operate at such a wide scale in UK (Seetharaman, 2020).
Theme 6: Majority of the respondents agreed that they are facing a variety of challenges.
What according to you is the major challenge that
Travelodge will face post Covid- 19?
Frequency
Occupancy of the rooms 5
Reduced prices 8
Labour supply 7
All of the above 10
Total 30
11
Interpretation: 33% of the respondents agreed that they are not just facing one challenge in the
operation of the Travelodge hotels post lockdown and agreed that the occupancy of rooms is
close to zero, they have to forcibly reduce prices so that they can gain at least some of the visitor
and the labour supply has been cut off so that the cost can be saved (Jiang and Wen, 2020).
Therefore, they clearly state that they are facing all of the challenges rather than one in
particular.
Theme 7: Online and offline flexibility increase was voted as the most favourable measure.
What measures can be adopted to meet up with the challenge
that has been posed before the hotels?
Frequency
Reduce number of employees/ salary cut 1
Reduction in the operational cost 5
Increase online and offline flexibility 17
Formulate new partnerships and tie- ups 7
Total 30
12
operation of the Travelodge hotels post lockdown and agreed that the occupancy of rooms is
close to zero, they have to forcibly reduce prices so that they can gain at least some of the visitor
and the labour supply has been cut off so that the cost can be saved (Jiang and Wen, 2020).
Therefore, they clearly state that they are facing all of the challenges rather than one in
particular.
Theme 7: Online and offline flexibility increase was voted as the most favourable measure.
What measures can be adopted to meet up with the challenge
that has been posed before the hotels?
Frequency
Reduce number of employees/ salary cut 1
Reduction in the operational cost 5
Increase online and offline flexibility 17
Formulate new partnerships and tie- ups 7
Total 30
12
Interpretation: The chart indicates that more than half of the respondents i.e. 17 out of 30 of
them agreed that the increase in the flexibility of online as well offline services is the only to
help the Travelodge restaurants in meeting up the challenges that have arisen. The increased
dependency on digital tools is felt now more than ever when everyone is practicing social
distancing etc. Additionally, the strong trait of the managers of the Travelodge hotels can be
identified from the above chart were only 3% of them i.e. only 1 out of the 30 managers agreed
that the employee cut can be adopted as the strategy.
Theme 8: Respondents have planned not just one but a variety of new business models.
Have you planned on implementation of new business
models to meet up the challenges in present situation?
Frequency
Day rates 10
Alternative uses of restaurant 10
Multiple uses of the work space 10
None of the above 0
Total 30
13
them agreed that the increase in the flexibility of online as well offline services is the only to
help the Travelodge restaurants in meeting up the challenges that have arisen. The increased
dependency on digital tools is felt now more than ever when everyone is practicing social
distancing etc. Additionally, the strong trait of the managers of the Travelodge hotels can be
identified from the above chart were only 3% of them i.e. only 1 out of the 30 managers agreed
that the employee cut can be adopted as the strategy.
Theme 8: Respondents have planned not just one but a variety of new business models.
Have you planned on implementation of new business
models to meet up the challenges in present situation?
Frequency
Day rates 10
Alternative uses of restaurant 10
Multiple uses of the work space 10
None of the above 0
Total 30
13
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Interpretation: Interesting, the chart depicts that the respondents are trying out not just one or
two new business models and schemes for their Travelodge hotels but are planning on multiple
aspects. There were equivalent answers for 10 out of 30 respondents agreeing that there are
multiple uses of the work space such as show biz etc., the alternative uses of the restaurants can
also be utilised where there are many restaurants which are placing mannequins on the
alternative tables where local fashion designers are advertising themselves and the day rates is
also a good option (Ozili and Arun, 2020).
Theme 9: Training and improving guest experience were found to be the two most prominent
areas of time utilisation.
During down time, how are you utilising your extra time? Frequency
Training of employees 10
Improving guest experience 10
Working on other special projects 2
Others 8
Total 30
14
two new business models and schemes for their Travelodge hotels but are planning on multiple
aspects. There were equivalent answers for 10 out of 30 respondents agreeing that there are
multiple uses of the work space such as show biz etc., the alternative uses of the restaurants can
also be utilised where there are many restaurants which are placing mannequins on the
alternative tables where local fashion designers are advertising themselves and the day rates is
also a good option (Ozili and Arun, 2020).
Theme 9: Training and improving guest experience were found to be the two most prominent
areas of time utilisation.
During down time, how are you utilising your extra time? Frequency
Training of employees 10
Improving guest experience 10
Working on other special projects 2
Others 8
Total 30
14
Interpretation: The improvement in the guest experience was rated as the most common
technique on which the respondents seem to be currently working. Developing correct serving
techniques, adopting correct communication channels and improving the surroundings and areas
are some of the common areas in which they are working and improving the ambience and safety
of the Travelodge hotels (Hao, Xiao and Chon, 2020).
Theme 10: Most of the respondents believe that travellers will start visiting again sooner or
later.
What do you think has given you hope to meet this crisis and
expect Travelodge to still flourish?
Frequency
Resiliency of the industry 9
Travellers are bound to start visiting again 11
Supporting management 8
Others 2
Total 30
15
technique on which the respondents seem to be currently working. Developing correct serving
techniques, adopting correct communication channels and improving the surroundings and areas
are some of the common areas in which they are working and improving the ambience and safety
of the Travelodge hotels (Hao, Xiao and Chon, 2020).
Theme 10: Most of the respondents believe that travellers will start visiting again sooner or
later.
What do you think has given you hope to meet this crisis and
expect Travelodge to still flourish?
Frequency
Resiliency of the industry 9
Travellers are bound to start visiting again 11
Supporting management 8
Others 2
Total 30
15
Interpretation: The chart clearly indicates that 11 out of 30 respondents agreed that the travellers
will start visiting sooner or later because people cannot just live at one place. The respondents
have held on to that single home and hence are working diligently so that they can re- establish
themselves as a successful chain of hotels (Nicola and et.al., 2020).
Theme 11: Majority of the respondents agree that there are no external sources.
Are there any other external sources that can guide you or
provide resources?
Frequency
Yes 2
No 25
Total 30
16
will start visiting sooner or later because people cannot just live at one place. The respondents
have held on to that single home and hence are working diligently so that they can re- establish
themselves as a successful chain of hotels (Nicola and et.al., 2020).
Theme 11: Majority of the respondents agree that there are no external sources.
Are there any other external sources that can guide you or
provide resources?
Frequency
Yes 2
No 25
Total 30
16
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Interpretation: 93% of the respondents agreed that they have no resources of any external
assistance or funding and this is mainly due to the fact that the entire world is facing economical
and financial problems and in that scenario, it is difficult to obtain any external help. Therefore
they are not able to get any external help.
Critical evaluation of identified issues
Porter Five Forces
Porter Five Forces is a competitive analysis model that identifies about different forces
that put an impact over company’s performance in target market. The forces like competition in
industry, potential of new entrants in market, power of suppliers, power of customers and threat
of substitute products. All these forces put a huge impact over the market presence of Travelodge
Company.
Competition in industry (High): Competition is a huge part of the business environment. Over
the period of time hospitality sector has received a huge growth in business environment. Total
number iof travellers and constant visitors are also increased which have boosted the growth rate
of hospitality sector. Recent activity of COVID 19 Pandemic has put a huge impact over the
hospitality business across the globe (Malika and James, 2016). The number of travellers and
visitors has gone to its minimum rate. People needed to cancel all their travel plan as the
guidelines given by United Kingdom government and world health organisation do not allow the
travellers to explore different locations in anywhere in the world. Competition is huge in market
as the number of hospitality organisations are plenty in numbers. Company needs to compete
17
assistance or funding and this is mainly due to the fact that the entire world is facing economical
and financial problems and in that scenario, it is difficult to obtain any external help. Therefore
they are not able to get any external help.
Critical evaluation of identified issues
Porter Five Forces
Porter Five Forces is a competitive analysis model that identifies about different forces
that put an impact over company’s performance in target market. The forces like competition in
industry, potential of new entrants in market, power of suppliers, power of customers and threat
of substitute products. All these forces put a huge impact over the market presence of Travelodge
Company.
Competition in industry (High): Competition is a huge part of the business environment. Over
the period of time hospitality sector has received a huge growth in business environment. Total
number iof travellers and constant visitors are also increased which have boosted the growth rate
of hospitality sector. Recent activity of COVID 19 Pandemic has put a huge impact over the
hospitality business across the globe (Malika and James, 2016). The number of travellers and
visitors has gone to its minimum rate. People needed to cancel all their travel plan as the
guidelines given by United Kingdom government and world health organisation do not allow the
travellers to explore different locations in anywhere in the world. Competition is huge in market
as the number of hospitality organisations are plenty in numbers. Company needs to compete
17
with all big and small brands. This force is high and in case of pandemic the hospitality sector is
witnessing a huge crisis which has also put a negative impact over hospitality business.
Potential of new entrants in market (Low): In the current situation of COVID 19 Pandemic
this force is relatively low. In current time the travel and tourism sector is witnessing a huge
collapse and all hotels are empty with almost no guest in the entire hotel. The growth is probably
witnessing a negative rate. In such a situation not any stakeholders and investor are looking for
investing in the market to gain profits. In the current situation where all established businesses
are suffering there is not any chance that any new entrant would come in market to compete with
the Travelodge Company.
Power of suppliers (Medium): Suppliers are involved in supplying necessary material to the
hotel premises. This force is medium in case of companies like Travelodge. The organisation is
big and it gives huge opportunities to all suppliers available in market to entertain profits out of
the business functions. In current situation this force is also relatively low as the demand is
almost minimum (Thursby and Berbari, 2016). The pandemic situation has forced the entire
hospitality sector to suffer from crisis. All the travel plains of all travellers and visitors has
cancelled after the guidelines issued by world health organisation in the pandemic situation. This
has affected the entire sector very badly. In such a context the demand is limited so this force is
affecting at a medium level to Travelodge Company.
Power of customer (High): Customers are the most primary stakeholder’s part of the business
of company. They play role in the sustainability of business along with the growth of the
company. They play a huge involvement in the business of Travelodge Company. In the recent
pandemic situation all businesses associated with the travel and tourism sector has been
collapsed and gone for a huge crisis situation as not any customers are talking interest in making
travel plains. As the customers are not taking interest in making visits at any tourist destination
across the globe (Alexandros and Metaxas, 2016). This has heat the travel and tourism sector
very badly. It can be stated that customers carry a huge influence over the business. In order to
achieve the growth in business Travelodge Company will require attracting the potential
customers available in market.
Threat of substitute product (Low): This force is minimum in nature as there is not any
potential threat in form of substitute product in the hospitality sector. Substitute products are all
such products that can replace the use of hospitality organisations. This force is low as there is
18
witnessing a huge crisis which has also put a negative impact over hospitality business.
Potential of new entrants in market (Low): In the current situation of COVID 19 Pandemic
this force is relatively low. In current time the travel and tourism sector is witnessing a huge
collapse and all hotels are empty with almost no guest in the entire hotel. The growth is probably
witnessing a negative rate. In such a situation not any stakeholders and investor are looking for
investing in the market to gain profits. In the current situation where all established businesses
are suffering there is not any chance that any new entrant would come in market to compete with
the Travelodge Company.
Power of suppliers (Medium): Suppliers are involved in supplying necessary material to the
hotel premises. This force is medium in case of companies like Travelodge. The organisation is
big and it gives huge opportunities to all suppliers available in market to entertain profits out of
the business functions. In current situation this force is also relatively low as the demand is
almost minimum (Thursby and Berbari, 2016). The pandemic situation has forced the entire
hospitality sector to suffer from crisis. All the travel plains of all travellers and visitors has
cancelled after the guidelines issued by world health organisation in the pandemic situation. This
has affected the entire sector very badly. In such a context the demand is limited so this force is
affecting at a medium level to Travelodge Company.
Power of customer (High): Customers are the most primary stakeholder’s part of the business
of company. They play role in the sustainability of business along with the growth of the
company. They play a huge involvement in the business of Travelodge Company. In the recent
pandemic situation all businesses associated with the travel and tourism sector has been
collapsed and gone for a huge crisis situation as not any customers are talking interest in making
travel plains. As the customers are not taking interest in making visits at any tourist destination
across the globe (Alexandros and Metaxas, 2016). This has heat the travel and tourism sector
very badly. It can be stated that customers carry a huge influence over the business. In order to
achieve the growth in business Travelodge Company will require attracting the potential
customers available in market.
Threat of substitute product (Low): This force is minimum in nature as there is not any
potential threat in form of substitute product in the hospitality sector. Substitute products are all
such products that can replace the use of hospitality organisations. This force is low as there is
18
not any possibility of entertaining any substitution for hotels and other hospitality services in
pandemic situation like COVID. This force is not affected to the business of company in the
current situation.
The above mentioned forces play different roles in affecting the business of Travelodge
Company. All forces have different impacts over the business operations.
Maslow Need Hierarchy Model
This model comprises with different needs that put an impact over the employee
motivation. In the current situation of pandemic unemployment has become a huge issue in the
market. Many companies have relieved its employees due to crisis as the companies are unable
to earn profits. This model follows the different needs that can be projected in following points.
Physiological need: This involves the basic needs of employees. Home, food and other basic
needs. It’s important that employees must be able to cope up with its physiological needs in
against to the employment opportunity at organisation. In the current pandemic situation many
jobs has been cut down and many employees got fired at the organisation due to lack of business
revenues (Hine and et.al., 2018). All such employees who could sustain the jobs could find its
ways to meet these needs. The employees got fired from the jobs could not deal with these needs
also.
Safety: Safety is also a huge need of employees at work place. Job security has become a huge
issue in the pandemic satiation. This has created a crisis over the organisation. Travelodge
Company also could not provide a security to all employees’ part of the organisation about the
jobs they hold at the organisation. This has also created a negative impact over the motivation of
employee’s part of the organisation.
Self esteem: Self esteem is a need related to respect at the organisation. In Travelodge Company
every employee gets the proper respect from the management. This creates a positive impact
over the motivation of employees.
Self actualisation: The current pandemic satiation has created a self actualisation need also.
Every organisation could put efforts in developing new skills and abilities (Sasaki, 2017). This
has also a huge need associated with employees hat create a positive impact over the growth and
development of employees part of the organisation.
4Ps of Marketing Mix
19
pandemic situation like COVID. This force is not affected to the business of company in the
current situation.
The above mentioned forces play different roles in affecting the business of Travelodge
Company. All forces have different impacts over the business operations.
Maslow Need Hierarchy Model
This model comprises with different needs that put an impact over the employee
motivation. In the current situation of pandemic unemployment has become a huge issue in the
market. Many companies have relieved its employees due to crisis as the companies are unable
to earn profits. This model follows the different needs that can be projected in following points.
Physiological need: This involves the basic needs of employees. Home, food and other basic
needs. It’s important that employees must be able to cope up with its physiological needs in
against to the employment opportunity at organisation. In the current pandemic situation many
jobs has been cut down and many employees got fired at the organisation due to lack of business
revenues (Hine and et.al., 2018). All such employees who could sustain the jobs could find its
ways to meet these needs. The employees got fired from the jobs could not deal with these needs
also.
Safety: Safety is also a huge need of employees at work place. Job security has become a huge
issue in the pandemic satiation. This has created a crisis over the organisation. Travelodge
Company also could not provide a security to all employees’ part of the organisation about the
jobs they hold at the organisation. This has also created a negative impact over the motivation of
employee’s part of the organisation.
Self esteem: Self esteem is a need related to respect at the organisation. In Travelodge Company
every employee gets the proper respect from the management. This creates a positive impact
over the motivation of employees.
Self actualisation: The current pandemic satiation has created a self actualisation need also.
Every organisation could put efforts in developing new skills and abilities (Sasaki, 2017). This
has also a huge need associated with employees hat create a positive impact over the growth and
development of employees part of the organisation.
4Ps of Marketing Mix
19
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This is basically a very productive marketing strategy which currently uses by many of
organisations and companies in the market, so that upper management at Travelodge hotel also
need to take quick action towards using this marketing strategy within its daily operations of
marketing.4Ps of marketing mix strategy generally indicates 4 key areas or zones of marketing
that marketing team of this hotel should be considered while conducting its various operations of
marketing (Strong and Welburn, 2020). These 4Ps of this strategy has been discussed below;
Product: Travelodge hotel mainly serves the hospitality services in the across the United
Kingdom, in which with the support of these all services, this hotel business has highly
succeeded in gaining very huge profit margins in the market. However, after coronavirus
pandemic, this hotel business is not able to earn profit as before.
Price: The company believes in using competitive based pricing strategy to set price of its
services something lower than its competitors. With the support of this pricing strategy, this hotel
business is able to gain huge competitive advantage in the market.
Place: Currently the UK is one of the main market segments to Travelodge hotels, in which top-
level management of this hotel business puts its huge efforts in the terms of achieve very large
market share in the UK’s hospitality sector.
Promotion: This the fourth and one of main stages within this 4Ps of marketing mix strategy. In
this stage, the marketing team of company mainly needs to be active to effectively promote
Travelodge hotels in the selected market segments.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Top-level management at Travelodge hotel should understand one small aspect that,
currently Travelodge is not the only hospitality company in across the UK which suffers from
this pandemic, because currently there are lots of other businesses also has faced negative impact
of this pandemic (Currie and et.al., 2020). Currently many of other highly reputed companies
also has required to stop their widely expounded businesses in all around the world. Due to this
pandemic, government of the UK was implemented 3 to 4 months lockdown that was influenced
to top-level management of many hotel businesses to stop their business operations. However,
after this total lockdown, nowadays many of hotels has again started to their business operations
in the UK’s hospitality industry with taking fully precaution. In this situation, upper management
of Travelodge hotels also need to take some favourable decisions towards again start its business
operations in the selected segments of market.
20
organisations and companies in the market, so that upper management at Travelodge hotel also
need to take quick action towards using this marketing strategy within its daily operations of
marketing.4Ps of marketing mix strategy generally indicates 4 key areas or zones of marketing
that marketing team of this hotel should be considered while conducting its various operations of
marketing (Strong and Welburn, 2020). These 4Ps of this strategy has been discussed below;
Product: Travelodge hotel mainly serves the hospitality services in the across the United
Kingdom, in which with the support of these all services, this hotel business has highly
succeeded in gaining very huge profit margins in the market. However, after coronavirus
pandemic, this hotel business is not able to earn profit as before.
Price: The company believes in using competitive based pricing strategy to set price of its
services something lower than its competitors. With the support of this pricing strategy, this hotel
business is able to gain huge competitive advantage in the market.
Place: Currently the UK is one of the main market segments to Travelodge hotels, in which top-
level management of this hotel business puts its huge efforts in the terms of achieve very large
market share in the UK’s hospitality sector.
Promotion: This the fourth and one of main stages within this 4Ps of marketing mix strategy. In
this stage, the marketing team of company mainly needs to be active to effectively promote
Travelodge hotels in the selected market segments.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Top-level management at Travelodge hotel should understand one small aspect that,
currently Travelodge is not the only hospitality company in across the UK which suffers from
this pandemic, because currently there are lots of other businesses also has faced negative impact
of this pandemic (Currie and et.al., 2020). Currently many of other highly reputed companies
also has required to stop their widely expounded businesses in all around the world. Due to this
pandemic, government of the UK was implemented 3 to 4 months lockdown that was influenced
to top-level management of many hotel businesses to stop their business operations. However,
after this total lockdown, nowadays many of hotels has again started to their business operations
in the UK’s hospitality industry with taking fully precaution. In this situation, upper management
of Travelodge hotels also need to take some favourable decisions towards again start its business
operations in the selected segments of market.
20
Nowadays, this is hospitality business is able to start its business, but upper management
of this hotel needs to be very active in the terms of taking full precautions from the Covid-19
pandemic. For example; the company can use PCR kit in its hotel zone protect its employees and
customers from the infection of coronavirus. The hotel’s management can provide sanitizer to its
various employees or customers in the proper quantity. After all, existing management at
Travelodge has highly required to take quick actions towards that situation when its any
employees or customers suffers from little bit weakness or sickness (Bastola, 2020). After taking
these all precautions, top-level management of Travelodge hotel can again start its business
operations and activities in the UK’s hospitality industry.
Nowadays, people also get fully aware about the infection of Covid-19, in which these
customers like to stay in those hotels only which has properly maintained proper precautions
from this pandemic. In this situation, existing management at Travelodge need to make satisfied
its various employees and customers about that, this hotel company has implemented those all
things in own zone for protecting various customers and employees from the infection of this
pandemic. By taking all precaution steps, this hotel will again able to achieve large number of
customers in the UK’s hospitality industry.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of above findings, it can be concluded that there is coronavirus (Covid-19)
pandemic has very badly affected to the business operations of Travelodge hotel. In the recent
few months, the hotel industry has almost fully collapsed just because of Covid-19 pandemic, in
which upper management of this hotel should take some patience to systematically deal with the
negative impact of coronavirus (Marlowe and et.al., 2020). Of course, this is very tough time
period to the businesses or companies which mainly runs their business operations in the
hospitality industry of the United Kingdom. However, this pandemic has very negatively
affected to hotel businesses of all over the world. Travelodge is not only the hotel business which
has affected by this virus, because there are each and every hotel business in the UK has very
badly impacted through this pandemic. Many of hotel businesses in across the world has
terminated their various employees as well, just because of no income.
Nowadays, customers get scared to stay in any hotel, because they think, if they will stay
in any hotel room, then this thing can infect them through the coronavirus. In this situation,
upper management of Travelodge hotel should make fully satisfied to its various customers in
21
of this hotel needs to be very active in the terms of taking full precautions from the Covid-19
pandemic. For example; the company can use PCR kit in its hotel zone protect its employees and
customers from the infection of coronavirus. The hotel’s management can provide sanitizer to its
various employees or customers in the proper quantity. After all, existing management at
Travelodge has highly required to take quick actions towards that situation when its any
employees or customers suffers from little bit weakness or sickness (Bastola, 2020). After taking
these all precautions, top-level management of Travelodge hotel can again start its business
operations and activities in the UK’s hospitality industry.
Nowadays, people also get fully aware about the infection of Covid-19, in which these
customers like to stay in those hotels only which has properly maintained proper precautions
from this pandemic. In this situation, existing management at Travelodge need to make satisfied
its various employees and customers about that, this hotel company has implemented those all
things in own zone for protecting various customers and employees from the infection of this
pandemic. By taking all precaution steps, this hotel will again able to achieve large number of
customers in the UK’s hospitality industry.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of above findings, it can be concluded that there is coronavirus (Covid-19)
pandemic has very badly affected to the business operations of Travelodge hotel. In the recent
few months, the hotel industry has almost fully collapsed just because of Covid-19 pandemic, in
which upper management of this hotel should take some patience to systematically deal with the
negative impact of coronavirus (Marlowe and et.al., 2020). Of course, this is very tough time
period to the businesses or companies which mainly runs their business operations in the
hospitality industry of the United Kingdom. However, this pandemic has very negatively
affected to hotel businesses of all over the world. Travelodge is not only the hotel business which
has affected by this virus, because there are each and every hotel business in the UK has very
badly impacted through this pandemic. Many of hotel businesses in across the world has
terminated their various employees as well, just because of no income.
Nowadays, customers get scared to stay in any hotel, because they think, if they will stay
in any hotel room, then this thing can infect them through the coronavirus. In this situation,
upper management of Travelodge hotel should make fully satisfied to its various customers in
21
the market. This company’s marketing team should run some marketing campaigns for making
informing various people or customers in the market that, this hotel has taken all necessary steps
towards stop the spread of Covid-19. On the other good thing to this hotel is, recently the
Russian government has claimed that, Russia is very near to launch the first vaccine for this
coronavirus pandemic (Chenguel and Derbali, 2020). On the other side, the UK’s vaccine
development process is also in the human trial, so that top-level management of Travelodge hotel
can hope about that this hotel again able to run its business operation smoothly as before
pandemic. One day this hotel will defiantly able to gain excellent profit margins in the UK’s
hospitality industry.
22
informing various people or customers in the market that, this hotel has taken all necessary steps
towards stop the spread of Covid-19. On the other good thing to this hotel is, recently the
Russian government has claimed that, Russia is very near to launch the first vaccine for this
coronavirus pandemic (Chenguel and Derbali, 2020). On the other side, the UK’s vaccine
development process is also in the human trial, so that top-level management of Travelodge hotel
can hope about that this hotel again able to run its business operation smoothly as before
pandemic. One day this hotel will defiantly able to gain excellent profit margins in the UK’s
hospitality industry.
22
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Al-Awadhi, A.M., and et.al., 2020. Death and contagious infectious diseases: Impact of the
COVID-19 virus on stock market returns. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental
Finance, p.100326.
Alexandros, P. N. and Metaxas, T., 2016. “Porter vs Krugman”: History, Analysis and Critique
of Regional Competitiveness. Journal of Economics and Political Economy. 3(1).
pp.65-80.
Bastola, D., 2020. Measures of Post Covid-19 Pandemics in Hospitality and Tourism
Industries. Research Nepal Journal of Development Studies. 3(1). pp.56-66.
Baum, T. and Hai, N.T.T., 2020. Hospitality, tourism, human rights and the impact of COVID-
19. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.
Chenguel, M. B. and Derbali, A., 2020. Coronovirus Propagation and Its Impact on the World
Economy. Technology Transfer: Innovative Solutions in Social Sciences and
Humanities.
Currie, C. S., and et.al., 2020. How simulation modelling can help reduce the impact of COVID-
19. Journal of Simulation. pp.1-15.
Donthu, N. and Gustafsson, A., 2020. Effects of COVID-19 on business and research. Journal of
Business Research, 117, p.284.
Fernandes, N., 2020. Economic effects of coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) on the world
economy. Available at SSRN 3557504.
Fletcher, A.J., 2017. Applying critical realism in qualitative research: methodology meets
method. International journal of social research methodology, 20(2), pp.181-194.
Gössling, S., Scott, D. and Hall, C.M., 2020. Pandemics, tourism and global change: a rapid
assessment of COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, pp.1-20.
Gössling, S., Scott, D. and Hall, C.M., 2020. Pandemics, tourism and global change: a rapid
assessment of COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, pp.1-20.
Hao, F., Xiao, Q. and Chon, K., 2020. COVID-19 and China’s Hotel Industry: Impacts, a
Disaster Management Framework, and Post-Pandemic Agenda. International Journal of
Hospitality Management, p.102636.
Hine, K. A. and et.al., 2018. The understated ugly side of police–citizen encounters: situation,
suspect, officer, decision-making, and force predictors of officer injuries. Policing and
society. 28(6). pp.665-683.
Islam, M.M. and Fatema, F., 2020. Covid-19 and Sustainable Tourism. Asian Business
Review, 10(1), pp.53-60.
Jiang, Y. and Wen, J., 2020. Effects of COVID-19 on hotel marketing and management: a
perspective article. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.
Kumar, R., 2019. Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners. Sage Publications
Limited.
Kurmann, A., Lale, E. and Ta, L., 2020. The impact of covid-19 on us employment and hours:
Real-time estimates with homebase data. May). http://www. andrekurmann.
com/hb_covid.
Malika, M. G. and James, K., 2016. Strategic resources competitive advantage and firm
performance: A research agenda. International Journal of Science and Research
(IJSR). 5(6). pp.2594-2598.
23
Books and Journals
Al-Awadhi, A.M., and et.al., 2020. Death and contagious infectious diseases: Impact of the
COVID-19 virus on stock market returns. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental
Finance, p.100326.
Alexandros, P. N. and Metaxas, T., 2016. “Porter vs Krugman”: History, Analysis and Critique
of Regional Competitiveness. Journal of Economics and Political Economy. 3(1).
pp.65-80.
Bastola, D., 2020. Measures of Post Covid-19 Pandemics in Hospitality and Tourism
Industries. Research Nepal Journal of Development Studies. 3(1). pp.56-66.
Baum, T. and Hai, N.T.T., 2020. Hospitality, tourism, human rights and the impact of COVID-
19. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.
Chenguel, M. B. and Derbali, A., 2020. Coronovirus Propagation and Its Impact on the World
Economy. Technology Transfer: Innovative Solutions in Social Sciences and
Humanities.
Currie, C. S., and et.al., 2020. How simulation modelling can help reduce the impact of COVID-
19. Journal of Simulation. pp.1-15.
Donthu, N. and Gustafsson, A., 2020. Effects of COVID-19 on business and research. Journal of
Business Research, 117, p.284.
Fernandes, N., 2020. Economic effects of coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) on the world
economy. Available at SSRN 3557504.
Fletcher, A.J., 2017. Applying critical realism in qualitative research: methodology meets
method. International journal of social research methodology, 20(2), pp.181-194.
Gössling, S., Scott, D. and Hall, C.M., 2020. Pandemics, tourism and global change: a rapid
assessment of COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, pp.1-20.
Gössling, S., Scott, D. and Hall, C.M., 2020. Pandemics, tourism and global change: a rapid
assessment of COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, pp.1-20.
Hao, F., Xiao, Q. and Chon, K., 2020. COVID-19 and China’s Hotel Industry: Impacts, a
Disaster Management Framework, and Post-Pandemic Agenda. International Journal of
Hospitality Management, p.102636.
Hine, K. A. and et.al., 2018. The understated ugly side of police–citizen encounters: situation,
suspect, officer, decision-making, and force predictors of officer injuries. Policing and
society. 28(6). pp.665-683.
Islam, M.M. and Fatema, F., 2020. Covid-19 and Sustainable Tourism. Asian Business
Review, 10(1), pp.53-60.
Jiang, Y. and Wen, J., 2020. Effects of COVID-19 on hotel marketing and management: a
perspective article. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.
Kumar, R., 2019. Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners. Sage Publications
Limited.
Kurmann, A., Lale, E. and Ta, L., 2020. The impact of covid-19 on us employment and hours:
Real-time estimates with homebase data. May). http://www. andrekurmann.
com/hb_covid.
Malika, M. G. and James, K., 2016. Strategic resources competitive advantage and firm
performance: A research agenda. International Journal of Science and Research
(IJSR). 5(6). pp.2594-2598.
23
Marlowe, B., and et.al., 2020. Double down: economic downturn and increased competition
impacts on casino gaming and employment. International Hospitality Review.
Nicola, M., and et.al., 2020. The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus pandemic
(COVID-19): A review. International journal of surgery (London, England), 78, p.185.
Ozili, P.K. and Arun, T., 2020. Spillover of COVID-19: impact on the Global
Economy. Available at SSRN 3562570.
Sasaki, Y., 2017. Generalized Nash equilibrium with stable belief hierarchies in static games
with unawareness. Annals of Operations Research. 256(2). pp.271-284.
Seetharaman, P., 2020. Business models shifts: Impact of Covid-19. International Journal of
Information Management, 54, p.102173.
Strong, A. and Welburn, J. W., 2020. An Estimation of the Economic Costs of Social-Distancing
Policies.
Thursby, M. C. and Berbari, M., 2016. Identifying and Evaluating Market Opportunities',
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24
APPENDIX
Questionnaire
Questionnaire
Name:
Age:
Gender:
1. How has Travelodge been affected by the corona virus pandemic?
Extremely affected
Affected
Neutral
Unaffected
Completely unaffected
2. Have you begun acceptance of guests?
Yes
No
3. What is the arrival frequency of the guests in the hotel post pandemic?
Regular
Once in a while
Rarely
Customers are no longer visiting
4. Currently, are you operating as quarantine centre or housing health care workers or homeless?
Health care workers
Quarantine
Homeless
Running restaurant as usual
Others
5. Have you received assistance from the government in any manner?
Assistance through loans
Implementation of different welfare schemes
Tax relief
All of the above
25
Questionnaire
Questionnaire
Name:
Age:
Gender:
1. How has Travelodge been affected by the corona virus pandemic?
Extremely affected
Affected
Neutral
Unaffected
Completely unaffected
2. Have you begun acceptance of guests?
Yes
No
3. What is the arrival frequency of the guests in the hotel post pandemic?
Regular
Once in a while
Rarely
Customers are no longer visiting
4. Currently, are you operating as quarantine centre or housing health care workers or homeless?
Health care workers
Quarantine
Homeless
Running restaurant as usual
Others
5. Have you received assistance from the government in any manner?
Assistance through loans
Implementation of different welfare schemes
Tax relief
All of the above
25
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None of the above
Others
6. What according to you is the major challenge that Travelodge will face post Covid- 19?
Occupancy of the rooms
Reduced prices
Labour supply
All of the above
7. What measures can be adopted to meet up with the challenge that has been posed before the
hotels?
Reduce number of employees/ salary cut
Reduction in the operational cost
Increase online and offline flexibility
Formulate new partnerships and tie- ups
8. Have you planned on implementation of new business models to meet up the challenges in
present situation?
Day rates
Alternative uses of restaurant
Multiple uses of the work space
None of the above
9. During down time, how are you utilising your extra time?
Training of employees
Improving guest experience
Working on other special projects
Others
10. What do you think has given you hope to meet this crisis and expect Travelodge to still
flourish?
Resiliency of the industry
Travellers are bound to start visiting again
Supporting management
Others
11. Are there any other external sources that can guide you or provide resources?
26
Others
6. What according to you is the major challenge that Travelodge will face post Covid- 19?
Occupancy of the rooms
Reduced prices
Labour supply
All of the above
7. What measures can be adopted to meet up with the challenge that has been posed before the
hotels?
Reduce number of employees/ salary cut
Reduction in the operational cost
Increase online and offline flexibility
Formulate new partnerships and tie- ups
8. Have you planned on implementation of new business models to meet up the challenges in
present situation?
Day rates
Alternative uses of restaurant
Multiple uses of the work space
None of the above
9. During down time, how are you utilising your extra time?
Training of employees
Improving guest experience
Working on other special projects
Others
10. What do you think has given you hope to meet this crisis and expect Travelodge to still
flourish?
Resiliency of the industry
Travellers are bound to start visiting again
Supporting management
Others
11. Are there any other external sources that can guide you or provide resources?
26
Yes
No
13. Please detail if there is any particular challenge that you faced in the operation of the
Travelodge hotel.
_____________________________________________________________________________
27
No
13. Please detail if there is any particular challenge that you faced in the operation of the
Travelodge hotel.
_____________________________________________________________________________
27
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