St. Croix River Crossing Project

This project report analyzes the St. Croix River Crossing Project, a major infrastructure project aimed at improving transportation facilities and generating employment opportunities. The report covers project charter, stakeholder management, risk mitigation strategies, quality enhancement techniques, and lessons learned. It also includes a comprehensive Work Breakdown Structure (WBS), Gantt chart, and network diagram.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
St. Croix River Crossing Projects designed to improve transportation facilities and for minimising accidents. The main agenda of government to
develop this bridge is to increase employment opportunities and improving environmental condition of nation. Study describes project charter,
responsibilities of each involved person in this project. I am consultant and this study has been prepared by me. I wanted to find out the things
that have been applied to complete this project successfully. Furthermore, it illustrates organisational chart and its importance. Stakeholder
requirements are being presented in this assignment and project plan is being prepared. It is found that Acceptance is the best way to minimise
risk by this way individual can prepare contingency plan to resolve plans and can gain success. It is identified that design build and best value
approaches to contracting were the strength of this entire proposal. That has supported in bringing new innovation. There was less involvement
of oversight staff in construction process. Communication plays significant role in any project, if there is strong interaction among all
stakeholders then it supports in meeting with the objectives. There should be graphical illustration of timing so that it can get complete with
stipulated. time.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
001A................................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
1.1 Project background................................................................................................................1
1.2 Project charter and purpose...................................................................................................1
1.3 Project types...........................................................................................................................2
1.4 Project fits with the definition of project...............................................................................3
1.5 Organisational chart...............................................................................................................3
1.6 Elements need to be included in managing scope plan of project.........................................4
1.7 Tools and techniques.............................................................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
001B.................................................................................................................................................6
1. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................6
1.1 Project background................................................................................................................6
2 WORK BREAK DOWN STRUCTURE......................................................................................6
3. PLOT...........................................................................................................................................8
Gantt Chart...................................................................................................................................8
4. NETWORK DIAGRAM WITH FORWARD AND BACKWARD PASS..............................14
5. CRITICAL PATH.....................................................................................................................15
6. ACTIVITIES FOR MAKING PROJECT SUCCESSFUL.......................................................15
7. CRITIQUE PROJECT DESIGN...............................................................................................15
8. DETERMINE PROJECT SUCCESS........................................................................................16
9. QUALITY ENHANCEMENT..................................................................................................16
10. ACTION TAKEN BY PROJECT MANAGER......................................................................17
11. STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT......................................................................................17
Recommendations......................................................................................................................19
Lesson learnt..............................................................................................................................19
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................19
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................20

001A
INTRODUCTION
Project management is the process of managing all activities and transforming inputs into
desired outputs (Kerzner and Kerzner, 2017). The present study is based on St. Croix River
Crossing Project. One of the main agendas of the government is to provide safe and reliable river
crossing to the population. Furthermore, by developing this, bridge authority will be able to
generate more job opportunities in the country. Present report will illustrate project charter and it
will also define its purposes. In addition, it will describe elements that needed to be included in
managing scope plan of project. In addition, it will include Organisational chart and will explain
activities need to be done to manage scope. Limitation of this project is lack of time and poor
financial resources. Both these thongs will create problem in completing the entire task within
stipulated period of time.
1.1 Project background
St. Croix River crossing project is the most essential project of the government. Authorities
have planned to prepare a bridge for safer transportation. In the year 1970, authorities have
suggested this project but due to lack of financial resources, it was not approved. Later on, in the
year 2010, Supplemental Final Environmental Impact Statement (SFEIS) had shed light on this
construction project again (Fleming and Koppelman, 2016). Width of actual bridge is planned
100 feet and it would be hybrid of a cable -stayed and segmental box bridge structure.
1.2 Project charter and purpose
Project title St. Croix River crossing project
Scope The four lane bridge will be constructed over
river at present location. It will be converted to
bicycle facility.
Objectives Main objective of working on this St. Croix
River crossing project is to control over high
traffic volume. Due to increasing traffic
issues, transport from one place to other take
too much time. This situation gets worst during
the seasonal time when many tourists come to
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this location (Verzuh, 2015). This makes local
population and tourists frustrated. Authorities
have planned to construct this bridge so that
traffic can be controlled and accidents can be
minimised.
Stakeholders are aiming to provide safe
transport facilities to local people in budget
friendly manner.
Another objective of this project is to improve
environmental conditions by minimised
pollution (Turner, 2016).
Generation of more job opportunities is the
purpose of this project. Goal of SFEIS was to
develop new crossing bridge without
compromising the trust.
Risk and dependencies Financial Risk
Human Resource Risk
Scheduling Risk
Technical Risk
1.3 Project types
There are various types of projects: civil engineering, manufacturing and management
projects. Civil or construction projects are generally conducted by large industries. It requires
huge investment. For example, warship, IT, customer call centre etc are related with
construction projects. Furthermore, manufacturing projects generally work to produce equipment
or designed hardware (Scope management plan, 2018). Such type of activities is able to generate
revenues in the business unit. Whereas management projects are related with activities in which
firms plan to relocate their branches or make changes in their existing practices. For example:
improvement in accounting process, changes in software etc.
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1.4 Project fits with the definition of project
Project can be defined as activities that are made to achieve specific objectives. St. Croix
River crossing project is completely a pure project. Team is working for accomplishing
objectives (Fleming and Koppelman, 2016). There are technical experts who continuously
concentrate on completing this bridge in an efficient manner. The main aim of St. Croix River
crossing project is to generate revenue and to control over traffic issues. Project manager has
involved expert people in this activity so that it can meet with objectives. Hence, it is completely
a pure project which has specific starting and finishing date (Turner, 2016).
1.5 Organisational chart
St. Croix River crossing project is completely a unique concept that helps in making
connection between Minnesota and Wisconsin. This crossing bridge works as gateway between
two different cities.
Figure 1: organisational chart
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Executive committee was responsible to make final decision on this project. They
ensure that adequate funds are provided for this project so that it can get completed within
specified period of time. Executive committee determine the delivery process for river bridge
project. Furthermore, oversight team is another part of organisational chart. Team members are
responsible for approving public information plan (Kerzner and Kerzner, 2017).
Successful implementation of St. Croix River crossing project can be beneficial for both
environment and society. This impacts on social, cultural and natural aspects positively.
Oversight team have to look on quality measures so that this bridge can be developed with
desired quality. Project team leader is another important person who is responsible for
maintaining schedule and managing security issues (Fleming and Koppelman, 2016).
Coordination team has to make effective interaction with financial and delivery team so that they
can perform their duties well. They all are interrelated; if one person fails to perform their work
effective then it will impact the other related person where the department may create situation
of failure.
1.6 Elements need to be included in managing scope plan of project
Scope management can be defined as process that ensures all the activities give positive
results. It has five main phases: collecting requirements, defining scope, creating work break
down structure, verifying scope and controlling scope.
Essential components that need to be included in managing scope plan in the St. Croix
River crossing project are described as below:
 Scope definition: It is essential for the project manager to define scope effectively. It
needs to be described in such a manner so that overall objectives can be accomplished.
Assumptions, constrains, deliverables, exclusion etc. all activities need to be defined
properly (Scope management plan, 2018).
 Scope verification: This is another most essential element that needs to be included in
scope management of St. Croix River crossing project. It ensures that deliverables are
being verified against its original range. It needs to be formally accepted and signed by
higher authorities.
 Scope control: It is the process of monitoring the entire project progress against set
criteria. All the team members have to perform their responsibility as per the WBS
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element. This supports in making effective control over scope and meeting with
objectives (Turner, 2016).
 Scope change: If existing scope management plan is unable to meet the objectives then
project manager has to make changes in the entire process to scope baseline so that actual
goals can be obtained.
1.7 Tools and techniques
It is very important for the Project Manager to take support of various tools and techniques
for completing project in an effective manner.
Methods used in St. Croix River crossing project are described as below:
Work Break Down Structure (WBS)
It can be defined as hierarchical decomposition of all activities. This tools supports in
making effective project plan and defining scope for the proposal. WBS breaks entire project
into sub activities that aids in making better plan and tracking progress (Tools used by the Project
Manager for Project Planning, 2017).
Network diagram
This is another most essential technique that would be utilised in the St. Croix River
crossing project. This tool supports in identifying interdependencies between various activities
and measuring their impacts on each other.
Gantt chart
This is important part of project management as it represents the entire planning in
graphical manner. This supports manager in making effective control over progress and
completing St. Croix River crossing project within specified period of time (Kerzner and
Kerzner, 2017).
CONCLUSION
From the above study, it can be concluded that project manager needs to define scope
properly and have to schedule activities in such a manner so that project can be completed within
specified period of time. Preparing WBS can help in allotting correct responsibilities to all and
Gantt chart helps in completing tasks within set duration.
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001B
1. INTRODUCTION
Present report will draw Work Break Down Structure for St. Croix River crossing project. It
will plot Gantt chart that would have a clear starting and finishing times. Furthermore, study will
explain benefits of using Gantt chart in any project. In addition, assignment will describe
stakeholder requirements in the current project (Schwindt and Zimmermann, 2015).
1.1 Project background
St. Croix River crossing project is construction project that was planned to improve
transportation facilities and increase job opportunities in the destination. In the year 2010,
(SFEIS) had shed light on this construction project again. Width of actual bridge is planned 100
feet and it would be hybrid of a cable -stayed and segmental box bridge structure. It is valued by
residents and has improved visitor attraction in the location.
2 WORK BREAK DOWN STRUCTURE
As per the view of Schwindt and Zimmermann, (2015).Work break down structure (WBS)
can be defined as dividing team work in appropriate manner so that it can be managed well. It is
hierarchical decomposition of work that helps the project manager in managing entire project
well.
Responsibility project matrix (RAM) describes participation of all involved person in order
to complete the task.
Table 1:
RAM - responsibility education matrix
Deliverables Executive
committee
Project
team leader
Oversight
team
Coordination
team
Design
team
Permit I C R R
Traffic R I R C
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report
Intersection
design
C R R I R
Provide
resources
R/A A A I R
Decide
release date
I C I C R
Figure 2WBS
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Theory of best practices explains that project manager has to take support of deliverable
oriented WBS, this can support in meeting with objective and getting positive outcome.
All the people have been allotted different responsibilities and they had to perform it.
Executive team was responsible for determining delivery process; oversight team members were
responsible for ensuring funding and managing coordination among all involved people
(Willems and Vanhoucke, 2015). Project team leader was responsible for adequate staffing,
monitoring and maintaining schedule.
3. PLOT
Gantt Chart
Critical path
Table 2Critical path
Yes Gantt chart reflect requirement of a good Gantt chart. Assumption based theory
describes that underlying assumptions is essential to manage project well. This helps in
identifying risk and breaking the project in manageable form.
Benefits of using Gantt chart
As per the view of Padalkar and Gopinath, (2016) Gantt chart is considered as the most
essential technique in project management. It supports manager in scheduling activities and
monitoring progress. By this way, an individual can complete the entire proposal within
specified period of time.
Benefits of using Gantt chart in for St. Croix River crossing project are described as below:
Clarity
One of the major advantages of using Gantt chart is that it breaks down the entire task into
sub activities that helps in managing project well and increasing clarity (Padalkar and
Gopinath, 2016). Stakeholders can easily understand scope of the project by looking at this
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graphical scheduling presentation. Gantt chart is the best way through which manager can
address progress of entire project. By this way individual can make effective strategies to
manage the task.
Improved communication
Gantt chart is beneficial in order to improve communication between all stakeholders. There
are many shareholders those who have huge interest in St. Croix River crossing project.
Due to lack of coordination among all employees, confusion gets created and managers fail
to complete project in efficient manner (Top 7 Benefits of Gantt Charts in Project
Management, 2018). Gantt chart supports in improving communication and pass relevant
information to other involved persons.
Avoid overload of resources
This is another most essential advantage of using Gantt chart in St. Croix River crossing
project, this helps in managing all resources well and minimising their wastage. This is the
best way of completing project within stipulated budget and period of time (Liu, Meng and
Fellows, 2015).
Measuring progress
Another benefit of using Gantt chart in St. Croix River crossing project is that it aids in
measuring project’s progress and make necessary changes in entire activities so that issues
can be resolved (Ekrot, Kock and Gemünden, 2016).
Better time management
Gantt chart allows project manager in managing time well; it helps in scheduling activities
and completing entire task within set time. By this way individual can understand severity
of delay and can make strategies to finish this project within set period with quality (Yang,
Chen and Wang, 2015).
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Table 3gantt chart activities
Task Mode Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors
Auto
Scheduled Bridge 2542 days Wed 9/24/03 Tue 6/18/13
Auto
Scheduled Scoping phase 168 days Wed 9/24/03 Fri 5/14/04
Auto
Scheduled
Preparation of scoping
document 48 days Wed 9/24/03 Fri 11/28/03
Auto
Scheduled Public scoping meeting 15 days Tue 12/2/03 Mon 12/22/03 2
Auto
Scheduled
preparation of final
amended scoping decision
document
60 days Tue 12/23/03 Mon 3/15/04 3
Auto
Scheduled Publication of FASDD 35 days Mon 3/29/04 Fri 5/14/04 4
Auto
Scheduled
Supplemental draft
environmental impact
statement (SDEIS) phase
103 days Mon 5/17/04 Wed 10/6/04
Auto
Scheduled
Evaluation of
alternatives 23 days Mon 5/17/04 Wed 6/16/04 5,4
Auto
Scheduled
public information
meetings 5 days Thu 6/17/04 Wed 6/23/04 7
Auto
Scheduled Publication of SDEIS 1 day Mon 8/16/04 Mon 8/16/04 8
Auto
Scheduled SDEIS public hearing 5 days Fri 8/27/04 Thu 9/2/04 9
Auto
Scheduled
45 days comment period
ends 10 days Thu 9/23/04 Wed 10/6/04 10,5,4
Auto
Scheduled
Supplemental final
environmental impact
statement phase
1302 days Wed 11/24/04 Tue 11/17/09
Auto
Scheduled
Finalize Minnesota
highway 36 layou 83 days Wed 11/24/04 Fri 3/18/05 11
Auto
Scheduled
section 106 amended
memorandum of
agreement
130 days Thu 11/10/05 Wed 5/10/06 13,5,7
Auto
Scheduled
Response to SDEIS
comments 155 days Mon 3/21/05 Fri 10/21/05 11,13
Auto
Scheduled
national park service
section 7 a evaluation 145 days Mon 10/24/05 Fri 5/12/06 15
Auto
Scheduled
Visual quality planning
process and manual 110 days Sat 5/13/06 Thu 10/12/06 16
Auto
Scheduled
cooperating agency
SFEIS review 440 days Fri 10/13/06 Wed 6/18/08 17
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Auto
Scheduled publication of SFEIS 230 days Thu 6/19/08 Wed 5/6/09 18
Auto
Scheduled
30 day comment period
ends 28 days Thu 5/7/09 Mon 6/15/09 19,7,8,13
Auto
Scheduled
Preparation publication
of record of decision and
adequacy determination
111 days Tue 6/16/09 Tue 11/17/09 20
Auto
Scheduled
Municipal consent in
Minnesota 916 days Wed 11/18/09 Wed 5/22/13
Auto
Scheduled
Memorandum of
Understanding with still
water and municipal
consent
120 days Wed 11/18/09 Tue 5/4/10 21,20
Auto
Scheduled
memorandum of
understanding with bay
port and municipal consent
275 days Wed 5/5/10 Tue 5/24/11 23,21,20
Auto
Scheduled
Oak park height
declaratory judgment and
request for municipal
consent
521 days Wed 5/25/11 Wed 5/22/13 24,23
Auto
Scheduled
Design and mitigation
phase 1030 days Thu 9/7/06 Tue 8/17/10
Auto
Scheduled
Begin implementing
mitigation items 135 days Thu 11/2/06 Wed 5/9/07
Manually
Scheduled
Obtain federal
regulatory permits 1001 days Thu 9/7/06 Wed 7/7/10 24,27
Manually
Scheduled Rights of way acquisitio 484 days Mon 9/8/08 Thu 7/15/10 28
Manually
Scheduled Final design in MN & WI 412 days Thu 9/11/08 Fri 4/9/10 29
Manually
Scheduled
Design build RFP &
award for new river
crossing bridge
223 days Fri 10/9/09 Tue 8/17/10 30,7,8
Auto
Scheduled Construction phase 740 days Wed 8/18/10 Tue 6/18/13
Auto
Scheduled Construction 118 days Wed 8/18/10 Fri 1/28/11 31
Auto
Scheduled
Project complete and
open to traffic 431 days Fri 10/21/11 Fri 6/14/13 33
Auto
Scheduled complete 2 days Mon 6/17/13 Tue 6/18/13 31,33,34
Auto
Scheduled closur 2 days Mon 6/17/13 Tue 6/18/13 34
11

12

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4. NETWORK DIAGRAM WITH FORWARD AND BACKWARD PASS
Critical path can be defined as brief summary of all tasks that determine the finish date of
entire project. Slack is considered as amount of time that describes delay in task without
impacting start date of subsequent task. Critical path method clearly illustrates the impact of task
on project end date.
Forward pass is the technique of moving forward and calculates activity duration on other
hand backward pass is just opposite to the above. Early start date and early finish dates are used
in forward pass whereas late start and late finish date are related with backward.
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5. CRITICAL PATH
2+3+4+5+6+8+9+10+11+13+14+16+17+18+19+20+21+23+24+28+29+30+31+33+34+35+36=
513 days
6. ACTIVITIES FOR MAKING PROJECT SUCCESSFUL
Project definition
Project is one time activity that has specified beginning and ending.
Project scope
St. Croix River crossing project is able to improve transportation facilities and improving
employment opportunities in country.
Project management is considered as dynamic process that helps in utilising resources
well so overall goal can be accomplished. Project manager has to make effective control over
diverse activities in order to finish it within specified period of time. Performance/ cost/ time
triangles supports individual in scheduling activities properly and completing it in acceptable
manner. Thus, it is very important for the manager that to considered all these three variables
appropriately and make it successful.
7. CRITIQUE PROJECT DESIGN
St. Croix River crossing project has right structure. Project manager has emphasis on
providing suitable solutions to all issues. Individual has conducted formal review of
architectural design prior to detail designing. Best structure in such project is that which can
meet with all requirements. Project based structure is most suitable type of structure for such
type of civil construction projects (Schwindt and Zimmermann, 2015).
As per the view of Els and et.al.,(2018) integrated system is more suitable for the project
because in this project manager can plan for design and construction simultaneously. Conceptual
design is characterized by series of action (The Design and Construction Process, 2018). In this
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design individual has to look upon the formulation, decision, specification, modification aspects.
At the early stage of construction project this design can give more effective results. (Willems
and Vanhoucke, 2015) argued that top down design approach is more suitable because this
conducts the project with full description of activities so that objective can be meet up. (Padalkar
and Gopinath, (2016) stated that functional design is the best and suitable designing approach, by
implementing this method constraints for specific tasks can be minimised and this will help in
evaluating difference between current and future goal.
8. DETERMINE PROJECT SUCCESS
There are various ways to measure success of project. Scheduling is the first criteria that
determine achievement of entire task. This is considered as milestone that helps in identifying
whether it will complete on time or not. Furthermore, quality is another essential aspect that can
determine success of St. Croix River crossing project. By reviewing quality manage can ensure
whether it has meet the objectives or not. Stakeholder satisfaction is the most essential criteria to
measure achievement (Willems and Vanhoucke, 2015). If at the end of all activities all
stakeholders are satisfied that means project is successful.
As per the view of Els and et.al.,(2018) PMBOK helps in analysing discipline of project
management. It looks at the criteria whether content is able to satisfy completeness and holistic
views or not. According to Abdullah and Ramly, (2009) project success can be determined by
integrating three essential factors: cost, time and quality. On other hand Els and et.al., (2018)
stated that there is no conclusive aspect that can determine the success of entire project. If
stakeholder’s appreciation has been received then that means project has become successful.
According to Chan, Scot and Lam (2002) if the project has been completed within stipulated
budget, time and quality then it is considered as successful.
Abdullah and Ramly, (2009) stated that in the previous studies success of project was
measured with the cost, time and quality. But over a past few years the success criteria has been
linked with Iron triangle. Early projects success was measured when project gets completed.
Chan, Scot and Lam (2002) argued that not success criteria began to expand beyond these
factors. Now project managers have to look upon the factor weather it is able to gain
competitive advantage or not. S Now critical success factors are such as techniques and process
implemented in particular project.
Success criteria Success factors
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Stakeholder appreciation
Completion within set budget
Meet quality aspects
Procurement
External environment
Quality management
Figure 3: project success
Source:( Els and et.al.,2018)
Potential risk
There are some potential risks associated with St. Croix River crossing project. Financial,
human resource, technical, mechanical, scheduling, scopes are major dangers that can impact on
overall result.
Mitigation strategy
In order to minimise consequences of these risks there are many strategies that need to be
implemented by project manager of St. Croix River crossing project.
 Risk transfer: One of the most efficient way to mitigate such problems is that transfer risk
to others.
 Acceptance: If project manager is unable to transfer risk then individual should accept
these dangers and have to prepare alternative plan to conduct the project well (Padalkar
and Gopinath, 2016).
 Avoidance: Project manager has to concentrate on market situation and has to forecast
future risk. This will help in preparing plan in such manner so that such issues can be
avoided.
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 Reduction: Individual needs to find out root cause of these problems and have to take
action to minimise consequences of these risks.
9. QUALITY ENHANCEMENT
There are many quality tools that can be used by project manager in this bridge project in
order to raise excellence. PMBOK guide gives necessary suggestions to improve quality. Cause
effect diagram, Pareto rules, control charts are helpful in improving overall quality in the current
task (Ekrot, Kock and Gemünden, 2016).
10. ACTION TAKEN BY PROJECT MANAGER
There are many risks that face by project manager in the St. Croix River crossing project.
All these problems have created situation of changes in existing practices. Team has prepared
monthly progress report and has circulated to all committee and coordinated team members. It
has been identified that cost of entire project was too high as compare to set budget.
Furthermore, it is also found that project is facing scheduling delay problem as well (Yang, Chen
and Wang, 2015). Main agenda of preparing this report was to make team members aware with
actual issues in existing task and design activities in such manner so that it can get finished with
quality (Project Trade-Offs – Scope, Time, Cost, Risk, Quality, 2018).
The progress report has shown that there is required to address cost variance and
scheduling slippage problems. Project manager has used program cost estimation technique in
order to identify requirement of funds and timing that needs to finish the entire task. Project
manager has used trade- off analysis method. Successful managers always take assistance of
trade-off approach in order to manage schedule, cost, risk and quality in project. They find out
issues in existing plan and make necessary changes so that such problems can be resolved soon.
Manger of St. Croix River crossing project has prepared trade- off information that has helped
sponsors in making decision whether these modifications are worthwhile or not (Schwindt and
Zimmermann, 2015). Initially it is found that project is delay and cost has been increased from
actual budget. Individual has identified impact of increase period of actual budget. In such
situation, project manager has developed alternative trade-off plan. Individual has increased
working hours and now each member will work 40 hours in a week. By this way they can finish
their work before two week. Furthermore, person has decided to hire two new engineers on part
time bases. They both will work in shifts, this will help in reducing human resource and material
18

cost. These strategies supports in minimising risk and improving quality of St. Croix River
crossing project (Ekrot, Kock and Gemünden, 2016).
11. STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT
The main purpose of carrying out this project is to provide safe, reliable transportation
facilities to population. Improving roadway safety and increasing job opportunities were the
basic requirements of this project.
Needs of stakeholders were identified and project manager has taken care of their interest
and expectations (Project management, 2017). All the stakeholders were involved early in this
St. Croix River crossing project and manager has made effective communication with them. All
they have shared their views and have clearly shown their interest in this existing task. Many
stakeholders were having some problems but project manager has delivered appropriate solutions
and have resolved their issues (Liu, Meng and Fellows, 2015).
Theory of Harold Kerzner defines that stakeholders can influence entire project greatly,
these stakeholders can also be impacted by project. This is duty of manager that to make
effective communication with these people and identify their needs (Padalkar and Gopinath,
2016). According to their requirements manager has to deal with them and have to make them
positive towards project.
Figure 4: stakeholder process plan
Communication plan
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Stakeholder Communication method resources
Executive committee Fax, email Internet, computer,
Oversight team and other team
members
Face to face meeting Seminar hall, internet,
computers, pen
Government Email, website Internet, computer,
Public Written communication Website, computer, internet
Recommendations
 Project manager should prepare risk management plan so that issues can b identified
timely and suitable solutions can be implemented to resolve consequences of these
problems. In the current St. Croix River crossing project risk management strategies were
not that much efficient thus, manager should prepare good plan that can help in reducing
likelihood of happening in same project in the future (Schwindt and Zimmermann, 2015).
 Communication should be improved; manager has to make time-to-time interaction with
team members in order to identify progress. This will help in finding problems
immediately and making necessary changes in existing practices so that consequences
can be minimised.
 Project manager should take support of risk acceptance strategy and have to prepare
contingency plan in advance. This will help in managing risk effectively and minimising
consequence of these dangers.
Lesson learnt
I have learnt a lot from St. Croix River crossing project. I have improved my knowledge
about importance of cost, scheduling in project management. This study has raised my
knowledge about Trade-off approach, by this way I would be able to make necessary changes in
existing practices in order to minimise risk in future projects. I have developed my
communication skill, I am a good communicator but this project has developed this skill of mine
greatly. I identified that if there is effective communication then individual can minimise
confusions and can improve quality of work. I have realised that it is essential to identify needs
and expectations of stakeholders and need to deliver solutions so that their objectives can be
accomplished. This can make a project successful.
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CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that project manager has to ensure quality and
have to take care the interest of all stakeholders. This can help in scheduling activities and
making strategies through which individual can meet the objectives. It can be articulated that
Gantt chart supports in improving communication and pass relevant information to other
involved persons. Cause effect diagram, is helpful in improving overall quality in the project.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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at the Pacific Association of Quantity Surveyors (PAQS) Congress, Edmonton, Canad
Chan, A.P.C., Scot, D. and Lam E.W.M. 2002. Framework of success criteria for Design/Build
projects. Journal of Management in Engineering, July:120-128
Ekrot, B., Kock, A. and Gemünden, H.G., 2016. Retaining project management competence—
Antecedents and consequences. International Journal of Project Management. 34(2).
pp.145-157.
Fleming, Q. W. and Koppelman, J. M., 2016, December. Earned value project management.
Project Management Institute.
Kerzner, H. and Kerzner, H. R., 2017. Project management: a systems approach to planning,
scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.
Liu, J., Meng, F. and Fellows, R., 2015. An exploratory study of understanding project risk
management from the perspective of national culture. International Journal of Project
Management. 33(3). pp.564-575.
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