Project Management

This document discusses project management methodologies and their critical assessment in the context of developing an online simulation game for a veterinary nursing course. It explores the Maori values applicable to the project and analyzes the waterfall, agile, and Prince2 methodologies. The document concludes that the agile methodology is the most suitable for the project.

Running Head: PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Project Management
Name of the Student
Name of the University

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Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction....................................................................................................................2
2.0 Description of the Project..............................................................................................2
3.0 Critical Assessment of Project Methodology................................................................3
3.1 Maori Values and their Use in this Project................................................................3
3.2 Critical Analysis on Each of the Methodology..........................................................4
3.3 Selection of Methodology aligned with Maori Values and Project Requirements. . .5
4.0 Conclusion.....................................................................................................................8
References............................................................................................................................9

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1.0 Introduction
With the development of technology for online learning, Otago would like to develop an
online simulation game for undergraduate veterinary nursing course in order to include
simulations on how to care for a range of domestic animals including the ability to diagnose the
correct treatment and administer post-operative care. The site needs to be able to provide access
by a class project team of 2 individuals and one lecturer. It also needs to include real time chat
utility as well as videoconferencing portal for collaboration. The system also needs to include
security that works for multiple teams using the system concurrently and provide online training
as part of the project. There also needs to be a repository for past game learning and a page to
guide Iwi/Maori practices.
In this report, three project methodologies including waterfall, agile and price2 has been
discussed and critically analysed to identify strength and weakness of each of the method so that
it easier to justify about the selection of best project management methodology. Appropriate and
thoughtful evaluative process with reference to contemporary literature has been discussed here.
2.0 Description of the Project
As per the discussion of the project requirement, it is required to develop an online
simulation game that helps undergraduate veterinary nursing course. Now in this context, as an
online simulation game needs to be designed, there are various parts that needs to be completed.
This includes development of code, design of visual elements, design of simulation architecture,
testing of game and delivery of the complete project to Otago. A WBS in provided in this context
to offer a detailed description of the project.

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3.0 Critical Assessment of Project Methodology
3.1 Maori Values and their Use in this Project
Maori people have certain values that must be followed as this project is mainly for the
Maori people. The Maori values that are applicable for this project are as follows.
 Promoting Team Work
 Encouragement of Unity
 Self Governance
 Sharing of Information
 Understanding
Veterinary Nursing
Simulator
Hardware requirements
Facilities
projectors, 3D glass
Server
Simulater
project team
Class room
Medical model
Others
training teachers
Teacher training
Simulator operation
Security considerations
Software requirements
Simulator Game
Game development
Data repository
Practice Guide
Feedback and
improvement
Product Maintenance
and Safety
Related support
Live chat system Videoconferencing
portal On-line training

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The proposed project is a simulation game for veterinary students that will provide an
interactive experience and help towards learning of the course lessons. Now, in this project, the
methodology must be chosen such that the project is executed as per the plan and the project
team members can act on the Maori values throughout the project. There are three possible
choices of project management methodology – waterfall, agile and Prince2. Each of the
methodologies has its own advantages but may or may not support the elements of the Maori
values as listed above.
3.2 Critical Analysis on Each of the Methodology
Water fall method is often considered as rigid project management methodology as it is
not flexible in terms of project modifications. First, a project scope is defined and once project
scope is defined, teams are assigned and project goal and timelines defined for the project is then
communicated to the teams (Chauhan, Rana & Sharma, N. K. (2017, September)). Now once
teams are defined, each teams will be assigned a specific role and they need to complete a part of
the project.
Just like waterfall methodology, Agile methodology also divides projects into modules.
However, in waterfall project, whether a project is completed or not depends on the client.
Prince2 also provides similar characteristics like waterfall method. Here also project is divided
into smaller module to properly execute the project. However, it is not as flexible as agile
methodology, though it is improved compared to waterfall methodology in terms of project
execution and project control. Now this might seems to be an advantage for client but it is not so
effective in terms of project management.

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Due to the rigid nature of waterfall project management, it does not allow for change
control if there are any issues during project progress (Hiekata et al., 2016). Incorporating
change request along with client feedback is remains an important issue in prince2 like the
traditional waterfall method (Cooke, 2016). Hence, one major difference that makes the Agile
method more effective than waterfall model and Prince2 model is that, each module of the
project is started only when the previous module of the project is completed (Schmitz,
Mahapatra & Nerur, 2018). However, prince2 is ideal for organisations where legal constraints
are significant and often requires to complete project within specified timeline and schedule.
3.3 Selection of Methodology aligned with Maori Values and Project Requirements
If waterfall methodology is considered for the project it will not be suitable for Maori
organization as it is not that effective and it is not possible to incorporate each and every Maori
values that is included here.
However, if project requirements are analyzed, it is also not appropriate. For example if
one team after completing a module of the project such as design of software architecture for
online simulator game for Otago, delivers it to the next team of the project and if there are any
issue in the previous work, it is extremely difficult to modify that. Hence in waterfall project
management, each of the steps needs to be compete with proper accuracy which is not always
possible as human errors are often part of large projects. Due to this waterfall project
management methodology is not widely considered in contemporary project management,
although it was designed for executing software projects (Manole, & Avramescu, 2017). Hence
waterfall model is not appropriate for this particular project of designing online simulation game
for Otago.

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Agile is one of the versatile and popular project management methodology that is widely
used in contemporary project management considered by organisations internationally (Serrador
& Pinto, 2015). One of the reason that makes this process so popular is its ability to work with
any kind of project and any kind organisations because it makes project execution easy and
effective, no matter how complex the project is (Rasnacis, & Berzisa, 2017).
It provides Promoting Team Work, Encouragement of Unity, Self-Governance, Sharing
of Information, and Understanding of project in an effective way as it divides the entire project
into smaller modules which makes it easier to share information, have proper control over the
project. It also promotes team work and self-Governance and hence it is a perfect choice to work
with Maori organization as this integrates values that are similar to the Maori organizations.
As in Agile method, no module is started without completion of previous module, this
provides project teams facility to work on issues according to client feedback which maximizes
chances of project success. Hence while designing the simulation game, it will be easier for the
team to gather feedback from the Otago University, especially from the student as their opinion
is very important form project point of view and it will help the team to deliver project that is
compatible with university guideline as well as with student demands for the project. Hence
when working with lwi/Maori organizations, this methodology is superior to waterfall
methodology.
As already discussed that Prince2 considers strategies and values that are similar to the
Waterfall method, it is also not preferred when working with Maori organizations as it is not
capable to manage all of the values that are specified for Maori organizations.

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When considering application of Prince2 in this project of Otago, it is also not compatible
either. However, prince2 is ideal for organisations where legal constraints are significant and
often requires to complete project within specified timeline and schedule. However, in this
project for Otago there are no such constraints regarding design of online simulation game for
helping students learn effectively. Along with that it is also not flexible like agile project
management and it also issues that have already been identified in the discussion of waterfall
methodology. Hence, this project methodology is also not recommended in this context for this
project due to issues mentioned here.
When considering that which project management method is best, it is important to consider that
there is no fixed definition of best project methodology (Schmitz, Mahapatra & Nerur, 2018).
There are various parameters like project structure, organisational structure, nature of project and
type of industry to which the project belongs to.
When project scope is compete defined and there is no or less chance for the project to change its
requirement, it is often recommended to select waterfall or price2 method as both of these
method provides context to execute project in less time (Layton & Ostermiller, 2017). Hence
these two methodologies are appropriate where completion of project within less time is priority
rather than implementing change request from clients.
However, projects where there is significant possibility of changes in client requirements and
implementing those change requests while incorporating feedback from clients are important
without increasing budget or affecting project quality, then the agile methodology is the most
appropriate (Hobbs, & Petit, 2017).

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4.0 Conclusion
As the online simulation game is designed, there might be chances that requirement are
changed during project progress by Otago. Now if agile project management method is selected
it will make it difficult to consider this feedback and implement new requirements into design.
Apart from this, it is also possible that interface provided in the simulation game does not
impress students of Otago and it will definitely affect their learning process. Hence it is best to
gather feedback from students once prototype of game interface is designed and implement those
feedback accordingly. However, it is not easy to execute if agile project management
methodology is not selected. Hence it is justified to recommend the agile methodology as an
appropriate project management methodology as it offers enhanced flexibility and control over
the project.

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References
Chari, K., & Agrawal, M. (2018). Impact of incorrect and new requirements on waterfall
software project outcomes. Empirical Software Engineering, 23(1), 165-185.
Chauhan, B. D., Rana, A., & Sharma, N. K. (2017, September). Impact of development
methodology on cost & risk for development projects. In 2017 6th International
Conference on Reliability, Infocom Technologies and Optimization (Trends and Future
Directions)(ICRITO) (pp. 267-272). IEEE.
Cooke, J. L. (2016). PRINCE2 Agile An Implementation Pocket Guide: Step-by-step advice for
every project type. IT Governance Ltd.
Hiekata, K., Mitsuyuki, T., Goto, T., & Moser, B. R. (2016, October). Design of Software
Development Architecture Comparison of Waterfall and Agile Using Reliability Growth
Model. In ISPE TE (pp. 471-480).
Hobbs, B., & Petit, Y. (2017). Agile methods on large projects in large organizations. Project
Management Journal, 48(3), 3-19.
Krysiński, M., & Miller, P. (2016). The Role of Conflict in Project Management in the PRINCE2
Methodology. Ekonomika i Organizacja Przedsiębiorstwa, (6), 3-12.
Layton, M. C., & Ostermiller, S. J. (2017). Agile project management for dummies. John Wiley
& Sons.
Manole, M., & Avramescu, M. Ş. (2017). Comparative Analysis of Agile Project Management
Tools. Acad. Econ. Stud. Econ. Inform. Buchar, 17(1), 25-31.

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Patwardhan, A., Kidd, J., Urena, T., & Rajgopalan, A. (2016). Embracing Agile methodology
during DevOps Developer Internship Program. arXiv preprint arXiv:1607.01893.
Rasnacis, A., & Berzisa, S. (2017). Method for adaptation and implementation of agile project
management methodology. Procedia Computer Science, 104, 43-50.
Schmitz, K., Mahapatra, R., & Nerur, S. (2018). User engagement in the era of hybrid agile
methodology. IEEE Software.
Serrador, P., & Pinto, J. K. (2015). Does Agile work?—A quantitative analysis of agile project
success. International Journal of Project Management, 33(5), 1040-1051.