Understanding Project Management Approaches

This assignment delves into various project management approaches, including the PMBOK guide, Agile, and Waterfall methodologies. It examines the strengths, weaknesses, and suitability of each approach for different project contexts. Students will analyze real-world examples and discuss the factors influencing the selection of appropriate project management models. The goal is to gain a comprehensive understanding of how different methodologies contribute to successful project execution.

Running head: PROJECT MANAGEMENT
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................3
Project management as management level activity...................................................................3
Implementation Process.............................................................................................................5
Issue with Implementation.........................................................................................................7
Solution of the issue’s................................................................................................................8
Benefits of the chosen Methodology..........................................................................................9
Conclusion................................................................................................................................11
References................................................................................................................................12

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Introduction
Project management can be ideally be referred to as application of the various aspects
like tools, skills, delivery of project on time and with it involving technique involving the
activities related to the project in order to match the requirement of the project. Project
management involves mainly five main aspects which are initiating, planning, and execution,
monitoring and controlling and closing (Fleming and Koppelman 2016). All of the concepts
which are involved in the project management process should be managed expertly with the
emphasis on deliver on time procedure involving total implementation within the estimated
budget, learning and integration that is much needed for any organisation.
This report puts directly emphasis on case scenario of three organisations
incorporating a project methodology plan. The project management plan is justified in each
of the scenario and lime light is put on the different aspects in the procurement of the
implementation.
Project management as management level activity
Project management mainly developed with the implementation of the aspects of
demand growing in the sector of complex, customized goods with it, its services and
sophisticated impact and exponential human knowledge expansion. Project management can
be considered as a set of methods, technique and principles in order to achieve an affective
planning with object oriented work, thereby executing a strong basis of sound scheduling,
preplanning and controlling in the management of the projects and the program. Non
repetitive one of a kind activity which involves discrete time, technical goal which can be
related to performance and financial aspect. The direct effect of the project management
activity n any organisation involving the process can be a affective tool that aims at
improving the organisations ability ti implement, plan, organise and control the various form

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of activity which can be related to an organisation (Martinelli and Milosevic 2016). The
managers plays a vital role in every process of the implementation. The overall decision of
the management of the project from budgeting to engagement of the expertise people to the
time involvement. The management of any organisation implements the overall impacts and
the procedural implementation when emphasising on any project activity.
Figure 1: PROJECT MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK
(SOURCE: Nicholas and Steyn 2017).
Organisation A
The organisation A is a small organisation which its total employee range of 80. In
such an enterprise the project management approach which should be in such an aspect the
PMI/PMBOK method can be the best project approach process. The main approach of the

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methodology is the breaking down of the project into five different stages or processes which
is guided for broken down by the project management institute (PMI) (Fleming and
Koppelman 2016).
Organisation B
The organisation B is an organisation which incorporates an employee range of 600.
In such an enterprise the best project management approach that can be used is Critical chain
project management (Nicholas and Steyn 2017). This methodology main focus is putting the
focus which can be termed as primary is on the project resources which are the main essential
factor in order to complete the task which is related to the project.
Organisation C
The organisation C is an organisation which exists with the involvement of 1200
employee strength. In such an aspect the waterfall method can be the best project approach
process. The main aspect of the implementation is the breaking up the tasks in a sequence
which finally leads to a final deliverable and the working of it is then incurred by working on
them.
Implementation Process
Organisation A
PMI/PMBOK is a method which mainly involves the whole participation and the
working of the entire phases plot down in a one-time manner. The basic operation involved in
it involve initiating, planning, execution, monitoring and controlling and closing. In the
initiating phase the main concern is the focus and the setting of the goal of the project which
can be termed as an initial step in any project process (Kerzner 2017). The next phase is the

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planning how the project would be taken up and taking into account the different processes
involved in the access of the requirement. The execution phase is implementation of the
entire requirement which is gathered during the planning phase. In some situation the budget
of the overall project is also taken into consideration in this phase. In the monitoring and the
controlling phase it is taken care of the implementation which are made in the execution
phase are working or thriving to reach the intended goal which it should be reaching.
Monitoring involve the total monitoring aspect of the project with it implementing the control
measures in order to get the exact result which is intended from the implementation. The
closing phase is the phase where all the aspects of the project requirement are meet and the
phase of delivery is reached in accordance to the project. In should be taken into
consideration that the monitoring phase should be implemented in every step in order to
avoid any unnecessary bugs in the end phase (Turner 2016).
FIGURE 3: PMBOK BASIC MODEL
(SOURCE: Futrell, Shafer and Shafer 2017)
Organisation B
Critical chain project management methodology which can be implemented for the
process of planning, execution and managing projects which are multi project and single
environment project (Humphrey 2016). When the concept of planning is taken into

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consideration a task estimation with the duration needed for the execution of the project
should be taken into basic consideration. In order to achieve the factor of realistic, the project
estimation time and the budget consideration is taken time to consideration as they are very
much crucial in the overall execution of the project. The critical chain is a chain which can be
considered as a path of tasks which are dependent. The term dependent in this case merely
means the resource contention which is mainly involved in the task or the project taking into
consideration the logical and the sequence of dependencies which regards to the task. With
emphasis on the times wasting and the behaviour associated with the embedded safety, the
procedure of chain management system recommends to implement a task estimation time
which is considered to be cut into half the time of the normal estimation which is being
implemented. The procedure of the Critical chain management uses the concept of buffer in
order to reduce the direct impact of the variations and the uncertainty around the project. In
the project flow the safety which is related to the task is mainly considered to be aggregated
and mainly moved to a point of strategic in the flow of the project.

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FIGURE 4: CRITICAL CHAIN PROCESS
(SOURCE: Ibbs and Kwak 2016)
Organisation C
Waterfall method can be considered as a very much straight forward method. There
are some minor changes that can be included in the description and the number of steps
which are involved in the concept of the waterfall model. It can be stated the overall concept
of any model focuses on a same point (Futrell, Shafer and Shafer 2017). During the
requirement phase all the basic requirement of the project is taken into consideration with
directly relates to the working of the project. The major requirement are written into a file

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which can be referred to as a requirement document. The analysis phase the analysis of the
system is done in order to generate the business and models logic that is mainly intended for
the application. The design model incorporates the design phase. After the design phase the
coding phase is implemented after the successful compilation of the coding phase the testing
phase is conducted which the overall software is tested in order to find bugs in the software
(Ibbs and Kwak 2016).
FIGURE 2: WATERFALL MODEL STRUCTURE
(SOURCE: Vijayasarathy and Butler 2016)
Issue with Implementation
Organisation A
With emphasis on the PMI/PMBOK, in some sectors the management process lags
behinds and this can be one of the most important factor in involving this model of
management. This pre estimation of the concept that cannot be handled by the models helps
the organisation in focusing on the poi t and the implementation related to it is avoided so
that the project in the near future do not create a problem (Vijayasarathy and Butler 2016).
Organisation B

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Critical chain project management is an intensive process. It mainly involve lots of
involvement from the point of view of the whole organisation. The commitment is very much
extensive in this scenario. The commitment should be involved from the point of view of the
team of the project, from the project managers as well as from the project stakeholders. It has
to be taken into account that the entire process which is related to the critical chain project
management should be clear and the basic point of view that it underlines should be
understood very clearly. Without the proper commitment critical chain project management
may fail as a result of which it would directly implement the old method with respect to using
critical path or even directed to a worse situation. A broken implementation of the critical
chain project management will provide little or no benefits over the previous method of
implementation but it would insure an extra cost overhead.
Organisation C
Waterfall method does not involve much revision or refection. Ones the concept of
the waterfall is implemented it is very much difficult or nearly impossible to change anything
which is not thought before the procurement of the process. This is mainly done if something
is not well thought during the concept stage. It is seen that during the late life cycle phase
only the working software is produced which is not done any time before the implementation
of other phases into it. High amount of uncertainty and risk is associated with the process.
The waterfall model is considered not a good model when it is related to object oriented
project or complex projects. When it is related to long and ongoing project it is considered as
a poor model. The model is also not suitable where the overall requirement of the project are
in the moderate and liable for changed associated with the concept of the model (Saltz and
Crowston 2017).

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Solution of the issue’s
Organisation A
PMI/PMBOK concept helps in standardizing the different activities which is
performed in the various departments in an organisation. The concept mainly standardize a
common standard in ordering of the working across the organisation (Vijayasarathy and
Butler 2016). This helps the managers in achieving a specific factor of managing.
Undertaking the risk management aspect is shortened with the implementation of the
PMI/PMBOK due to the factor of documentation with the projects limelight. The concept
also takes into account what the implementation cannot work. It can be stated that with the
implementation of the PMI/PMBOK, the project manager can customise the approach
towards any project related activity. The decision is taken by the project taking into account5
that the decision taken by the manger should be of higher gain towards or putting emphasis
on the organisation (de Jong 2017).
Organisation B
Critical chain project management can drastically improve various aspect of the
project management plan and its main concerns (Leimbach and Goodall 2017). The overall
implementation of the project management plan can be improve the project delivery
reliability which is related to the date. On the other hand the delivery data concept can be
minimized with the shortening of the overall project duration time (Pm 2017). The concern of
threats play an active role in any project management concept, if any error or bugs in
identified in the deployment phase it could lead to a big problem. The Critical chain project
management methodology gives an early warning before the actual problem arises. The
problem can directly affect the project delivery time due to the factor of the time which is
needed in order to fix the bugs and rectify the faults (Snyder 2016).

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Organisation C
Waterfall method allows managerial control and departmentalization. The overall
concept of the waterfall model is considered to be very much easy to understand and use
(Cicmil et al. 2016). The concept of easy is applied to the concept due to the rigidity which is
involved in the model – the phases involved in the process have some specific deliverable
and include specific process involved in the review part. This model is mainly taken into
consideration where the projects overall requirement is very well understood and the aspects
and the goals of the project is clear and pointed out quite well. Scheduling can be done on the
aspect of each and every phase related to the development in each part. This can ensure that
the overall production of the product proceed through the process of development like the
example of a car wash and theoretically be on time delivery (Baptista et al. 2016).
Benefits of the chosen Methodology.
Organisation A
The benefits that can be achieved from the implementation of the PMI/PMBOK are:
1. Easy project management steps Breakdown.
2. PMBOK counts as a development of professional units
3. Expansions related to other field and aspects of industry
4. Methodology tested which is related to management of the project
5. PMBOK is recognized globally
6. Overhead cost is reduced with regards to the project management team (Varajão et al.
2016)
Organisation B
The benefits that can be achieved from the implementation of Critical chain project are:

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1. Parkinson’s Law: Available time expansion in order to reduce the work pressure
2. Syndrome student: When the deadline is near the worker start giving their 100%
dedication towards the project
3. Murphy’s Law: The aspect which can go wrong would eventually go wrong.
4. Multi-tasking Bad: The start of the successor task can affect the bad multitasking
concept (Chaves et al. 2016).
Organisation C
The benefits that can be achieved from the implementation of Waterfall model are:
1. The model is very much easy in the prospective of implantation and also the factor of
the amount of resources needed are also limited.
2. The output in this model is mainly generated after each and every process thus it can
be seen that the concept is very much visible. The concept gives an overall
expectation that the project is in a continuous progress.
3. The methodology is considered to be better than other approaches which are
haphazard. The process is divided into many stages for example analysis, design,
coding, testing and maintenance.
4. The methodology is mainly considered where the quality is the main factor than the
schedule or the cost related factor (Harter et al. 2016).
Conclusion
The overall aspect can be brought to conclusion with the aspect that there are many
model of business oriented approach which can be used in order to implement the overall

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working of the project. In each and every model are some advantages and some
disadvantages. The main factor that can be related to when implementation the aspect of the
model is the size of the project and the importance of the project. Different projects have
different nature of approach and design in which the framing of the project is done. Waterfall
model can be approach which is very much beneficial for the development of the software on
the other hand PMBOK can be used in the implementation then field of finance and its
related concerned areas.

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References
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as Main Tool for Current Challenges in Global Economy Driving Historical Changes. Journal
of Advanced Management science, 4(2).
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2016. A new approach to managing Lessons Learned in PMBoK process groups: the Ballistic
2.0 Model. International Journal of Information Systems and Project Management, 4(1),
pp.27-45.
Cicmil, S., Cooke-Davies, T., Crawford, L. and Richardson, K., 2017, April. Exploring the
complexity of projects: Implications of complexity theory for project management practice.
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