Tourism References and Analysis

This assignment presents a list of academic references related to various aspects of tourism. The sources cover topics like strategic management, slow travel, innovation, medical tourism, the influence of the internet, and sustainable tourism practices. The references provide insights into the evolving trends and challenges within the tourism industry.

TRAVEL AND
TOURISM SECTOR

Contents
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................4
TASK 1.......................................................................................................................................................4
1.1 key historical development in the travel and tourism sector..............................................................4
1.2 The structure of the travel and tourism sector....................................................................................6
TASK2........................................................................................................................................................8
2.1 AS mentioned in the PPT..................................................................................................................8
2.2 Mentioned in the PPT........................................................................................................................8
2.3 Article for the publications in the travel and the tourism magazine implication of political changes
on the travel and tourism sector in different countries.............................................................................8
TASK 3...................................................................................................................................................8
3.1 Factors affecting tourism demand......................................................................................................8
3.2 how supply had been changed to TUI group so that they can meet the effects of the demand.........10
TASK 4.....................................................................................................................................................11
4.1 Evaluate the main positive and negative economic, environmental, and the social impact of tourism
in TUI....................................................................................................................................................11
4.2 Strategies that can be used to minimize the negative impact while maximizing the positive impacts
off TUI group........................................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
The main aim of the project is to understand about the TUI travel and tourism company,
the history of the travel and tourism is being explain under which shows how the tourism
industry had been grown and how it is gowning step by step. in that all the process and the in the
way ho the tourism had been starting to grow is been defined. this helps in understanding the
structure of the travel and tourism in UK, the other task will define the effects of the demand and
the supply of the travel and tourism sector is, the all impact is been shown of the external
environment of the travel and tourism sector is been defined (Zapata, J and Hall., 2012).
TASK 1
1.1 key historical development in the travel and tourism sector.

key historical developments in the travel and tourism sector of UK are highlighted in form of time line
Historical development in travel and tourism sector
After ending of the second world war in year 1945 the travel and the tourism
sector started showing the positive growth from 1950(Garín-Muñoz and Pérez-
Amaral., 2011). after that time the change in income of the people was started
showing the positive impact on the travel and tourism because people was
started spending their time in an good way and they liked to travel, and it made
people to choose the travel and tourism more as in increase of the new
technologies development like the jet aircraft, and all that made increase in the
tourism. and the easy transportation started to serve the great service to the
customers. the development of the railways and many more things also
increased in the tourism, and the innovation and the development of the things
like the seaside resorts, hotel packages, etc had made the increase in the demand
of the travel and tourism sector. and the main effect of the promotions also made
the tour and travels the more popular among the people.

KEY HISTORICAL CHART
Year Developments
1936 First holiday camp was opened by Billy Butlin in the seaside town of England that is in Skegness
1938 Pay Act was introduced by associating holidays
1946 At the Weston Super More Fred Pontin opened his holiday
1950 Post war Package Air holiday was introduced and it was managed and organised by Horizon
1952 The service of the Jet Airlines was started for the general public (Novelli, Schmitz and Spencer, 2015)
1960 The awareness and the interest level of the public towards the domestic holidays were increased. Domestic
holidays were accounted for 30 million and 3.5 million for international holidays
1960 at the end American airlines developed the global distribution system
1968 The legislation for the Countryside Act passed.
1969 British Tourist Authority and Tourist Board for England was developed under the Act of Tourism Act 1969
1976 Supersonic transport was initiated for the public
1981 One car in the family around 60% was recorded
1987 The international holidays was accounted for 20 million that was remarkable for the tourism sector.
1990 The directives were issued by European Union in order to secure the travellers from the tour operators and
airlines
1994 Around 30m holidays are consumed by Brits
2004 The total holiday market was developed by two third
2005 Privatisation in the transport was observed. Companies like Virgin, Ryan Air were established for providing
effective transport service.

2009 The increase in the inflation rate, collapse in the economy affected the tourism sector to a great extent
2012 The company like TUI observed an increase in profit and based on that they have focused with the package
holiday
1.2 The structure of the travel and tourism sector.
Travel and tourism structure
Travel and tourism sector is one of the most attractive sector which make the economy good in
the country. by the tourism sector the employment also increase as the sector has major
opportunity to provide jobs to the people. this can help them in getting the
jobs(Hjalager.,2010). the travel and tourism sector are:-

PUBLIC SECTOR
Public sector is important in the travel and tourism sector. the public sector is directly makes
the under the government of the UK. this sector provides the basic education to the people about
the travel and the tourism sector(Heung., Kucukusta., 2010). the private sector focus on the
heritage sector so that the customers can attract the place. they want to make the place better to
grow the places.
PRIVATE SECTOR
The private sector is also the part of the tourism sector which works for the sake of the their
profitability. the private sector follow the and like the Thomas cook, TUI also plays and the
important role in the providing and planning the services and for planning the trips of the
customers. they make some the facilities like discount, promo, etc to the people of the tourism.
that contributes the taxes and the GDP to the government.
VOLUNTARY SECTOR
The voluntary sector is that part of the organization which plays the role in promoting and to
preserve

TASK2
2.1 AS mentioned in the PPT
2.2 Mentioned in the PPT.
2.3 Article for the publications in the travel and the tourism magazine implication of political
changes on the travel and tourism sector in different countries.
TASK 3
3.1 Factors affecting tourism demand.
Travel and tourism is based on the demand. TUI tourism should work as per the demand
of the customers so that they can attract more customers and can provide them the services and
the products which they want and in the way they needed so that can make a good impression on
the customers. There are some of the few factors which affects demand for the tourism which
This gives the power and the influencing in the society and as well as in the decision
making process of the public policies. in travel and tourism of all over the world the
political factors play the major role in developing it. government and its administrations
role in the travel and tourism is to make it the attractive in the world so that the nation can
become the most visited by the population and it can be known by most of the people. the
stability in managing the administration can help in the travel and tourism sector to make
attractive. the negative situation like the political movements, political upset will damage
the tourism by creating of the negative impact. restructuring policies given by the
government will help in making positive impact on growth of the tourism sector. The
public private partnership are the right ways which are under the government political
area. The government of the country like New Zealand, Canada, give the emphasis on the
corporate structure of the tourism in the form of the collaborate marketing, it is the joint
type of promotion to attract the number of visitors to the nation. There are different laws
which are formulated by government in order to keep control over the tourism activities.
Legal bodies of both the countries ensures that no illegal activity take place on the name of
tourism. In New Zealand entry of people is very strict and tourists has to go various legal
formalities before visiting this place. It puts pressure on the tourism agencies to keep all
their documents clear and authenticate so that no inconvenience is faced by people on
visiting to these places through them. Canada holds a good position in having a largest
economy. It has good political stability and promotes travelling to a great extent.
Government of this country supports and promote more tourism and impose less
restrictions.

can affect the manner of the travelers behavior(Standing., Tang-Tayeand Boyer., 2014). the
factors of demand for the TUI tourism effect the products and the services are:-
 Demographic:- The improving of the demographic of the customers are been affected by
the demand because the tourist are willing to spend more in it mostly the young
customers. this factor is effecting the demand in an positive way by the tourists because
they are spending on the activities of the travelling.
 Technological:- As the world is going digital all the information and the data are easily
available online as like the other things, information and the related data of the travel and
the tourism is available online so the customers demand for this is increasing as they can
simply reserve the things and they get to know about the organization so it is good for
TUI to enhance it technique so that they can allow their customers to get the benefits
online.
 Fluctuated currency rate:- The main factor of all the things is money, if the exchange rate
of currency is decreased in the destination place then the tourist will get more attracted to
the nation so that it is important to have the exchange currency rate less(Perch-Nielsen A
and Stuck., 2010).
 Economics:- Economic factors affects all the nation as if the nation is not having good
amount of the products and the services they would not able to spend more and would not
like to come at that place so that is it is important to have an good economic condition of
the nation and the travel an d tourism sectors use to contribute the large amount in the
economy so the increase of the tourism sector in the nation will help in increasing of the
economy.
 Political:- If the nation will have the good and stable political condition then it can attract
the more tourist in the country, so it is also good to have the nation with the good
political conditions.
 Globalization:- it is important to enhance the globalization in the nation so that the
products and the service will lead give the services from one place to the other so that the
customers can get the services out from the nation also.

3.2 how supply had been changed to TUI group so that they can meet the effects of the demand.
TUI travel and tourism has made the effective global chain to fulfill the demand of the
tourism industries. TUI is an well growing tourism industry who's aims is to maximize the reach
of the industry to more people in different places and to extend their suppliers so that people get
more attracted to it in an good manner. there some ways to manage the supply to achieved the
process of demand for that they have to follow some of the ways which are given below:-
 While giving the environmental sustainability by making the community involved in
doing the development of the hotel and the places, it is good to consult with the TUI
industry manage, they should make some of the changes which they can make to meet the
demand and to fulfill their requirements like they should make the rooms form the
sunlight's radiation and to having the greenery all around is important so TUI should
focus on these things(Hudson., Thal., 2013).
 TUI should also focus on the suppers provided to the customers it should be according to
the taste and the standards of the customers, and the supper should be provided in the best
by and they should make any problems in it, it should served properly by the proper
persons.
 The suppliers should be given rewards so that they can get the motivation and confidence
which can help them in doing their work more effectively and will take care of the
products and services which will be delivered to the customers.
 It is important to provide the training to the suppliers so that they can get the proper
knowledge to handle the customers and they can know how to deal in all the situation so
that they can serve the customers the best quality.

 TUI should provide the customers the different and the attract tools which can make the
customers to attract more to the industry as to use the services, some of the tools are like
the green accommodations, communication tools, tourism policies and the water and
energy tools, etc should be provided to the customers.
TASK 4
4.1 Evaluate the main positive and negative economic, environmental, and the social impact of
tourism in TUI.
TUI an travel and tourism industry which is one of the fastest growing tourism industry
which is doing the best possible ways to make their industry grow and to expend its products
and the services to the different customers at the places, so as because it is an fastest growing
industry it is having the advantages and many limitations of the activities in the tourism(Scott.,
Peeters and Gössling., 2010). there are some factors which has the negative and on the other

hand has the positive impact on the tourism industry globally, that factors are economical,
environmental, social.
 Economic factor:
Positive impact of economical factor
The positive impact of the TUI tourism company is that they would make the economic growth
of the nation as the tourist will be from the other nation so the exchange currency of their nation
can become beneficial for the economy of the TUI nations, it can make benefit in government
tax base so it will help in people to get the emplacement and many more things can get effect by
it.
Negative impact
TUI travel and tourism industry would demand the large amount of the living, they can demand
for the public services, inflation rates, property taxes.
 Environmental factors:-
Positive impact
The environment affects the controlling, maintaining, planning and improving the quality of the
atmosphere, and it can help in improving all the things related to the environment.
Negative impact
It can affect as the degradation of the landscape and the it will make the vast affect on the natural
resource of the nation as because of the increasing population it can create problems to the
natural things and the it can reduce the resources as the people from the other nation is also using
the things till they are in the other nation.
 Social factors:- social factor affect the tourism in positive way as the tourist can get to
know about the heritage and the culture of the nation so that they can be able to
understand about the things which is been going in the nation and what does it make
different from the other nation(Peeters and Dubois., 2010). and the negative impact of
social factor is that the people of the nation does not able to make their domestic festivals
properly as the tourist are there for visiting the nation.
TUI group of traveling and tourism industry should know and understand the positive and the
negative factors which are been related to the economical, social and the environmental base
they should know the ways to face and handle the situations according to that that can help them
in making their industry grow more.
4.2 Strategies that can be used to minimize the negative impact while maximizing the positive
impacts off TUI group.

It is important to TUI group for dealing with the negative outcomes and the results of the
factors like social, economical, environmental for making plans and for dealing with it the proper
and appropriate plans and strategies are been made and executed to setting in other nation(Wu
and Shi., 2011). the negative economic aspects of the nation can be reduce by implementing of
the strategies in the improving of the lifestyle of the people living in the country and the lifestyle
of the people does not enhance in the region to maintain the equality. they would have to take
some steps for strategies making and for that they have to cope up with the positive and the
negative environmental factors.
 Step lightly:- there should be an strategy to make the environment good and does not
affect negatively for that some the things has to do like the used things and the materials
should be recycled and should reused to make an better environment.
 Making a difference:- To create an positive change to the people and the community by
the strong value change can make it effective. TUI planned to deliver the 10 million
greener and faire holiday per year so that the people of the community can be able to
share the holidays benefit, and they will good by this.
 Lead the way:- TUI has to make their customers satisfy with their performance and they
are trying to do many such things to attract the people more to their industry.
CONCLUTION
In the above project it is been concluded that the travel and tourism sector is growing day
by day and that it had become the most important part of the peoples life. people wants the best
services from them and they go for travel so that they can enjoy the moment with their friends
and family, so travel and tourism should always service the best services and try to give all the
things which an customers want to get from them so they should always look after the needs and
wants of the customers, if travel and tourism will focus on the customers demand then they
should try to supple the services according to the demand.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Moutinho, L. ed., 2011. Strategic management in tourism. Cabi.
Dickinson, J.E and Lumsdon, L., 2010. Slow travel and tourism. Earthscan.
Evans, N., Stonehouse, G and Campbell, D., 2012. Strategic management for travel and tourism.
Taylor & Francis.
Ghimire, K.B., 2013. The native tourist: Mass tourism within developing countries. Routledge.
Zapata, M.J and Hall, C.M., 2012. Public–private collaboration in the tourism sector: balancing
legitimacy and effectiveness in local tourism partnerships. The Spanish case. Journal of
Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events. 4(1). pp.61-83.
Garín-Muñoz, T and Pérez-Amaral, T., 2011. Internet usage for travel and tourism: the case of
Spain. Tourism Economics.17(5). pp.1071-1085.
Hjalager, A.M., 2010. A review of innovation research in tourism. Tourism management.31(1).
pp.1-12.
Heung, V.C., Kucukusta, D and Song, H., 2010. A conceptual model of medical tourism:
Implications for future research. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing.27(3). pp.236-
251.
Standing, C., Tang-Taye, J.P and Boyer, M., 2014. The impact of the Internet in travel and
tourism: A research review 2001–2010. Journal of Travel & Tourism
Marketing.31(1).pp.82-113.
Perch-Nielsen, S., Sesartic, A and Stucki, M., 2010. The greenhouse gas intensity of the tourism
sector: The case of Switzerland. Environmental Science & Policy. 13(2). pp.131-140.

Hudson, S and Thal, K., 2013. The impact of social media on the consumer decision process:
Implications for tourism marketing. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing. 30(1-2).
pp.156-160
Scott, D., Peeters, P and Gössling, S., 2010. Can tourism deliver its “aspirational” greenhouse
gas emission reduction targets?. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 18(3). pp.393-408.
Peeters, P and Dubois, G., 2010. Tourism travel under climate change mitigation
constraints. Journal of Transport Geography.18(3).pp.447-457.
Wu, P and Shi, P., 2011. An estimation of energy consumption and CO 2 emissions in tourism
sector of China. Journal of Geographical Sciences.21(4). pp.733-745.
Weaver, D., 2011. Can sustainable tourism survive climate change?. Journal of Sustainable
Tourism.19(1). pp.5-15.
Ramayah, T., Lee, J.W.C and In, J.B.C., 2011. Network collaboration and performance in the
tourism sector. Service Business.5(4). pp.411-428.s