Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Outcomes

The assignment requires a research report analyzing the concept of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Students must conduct a literature review exploring various aspects of OCB, including its definitions, antecedents, consequences, and the potential dark side. The report should present a comprehensive analysis of the topic, outlining both positive and negative outcomes associated with OCB. Recommendations for effectively implementing necessary changes based on the research findings are also expected.

PROPOSAL
DISSERTATION

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1
Research Background .................................................................................................................1
Research Problem........................................................................................................................1
Research Purpose........................................................................................................................1
Research Objectives....................................................................................................................2
Research Question.......................................................................................................................2
Literature Review........................................................................................................................2
Proposed Research Methodology................................................................................................3
Significance of research .............................................................................................................4
Research Limitations ..................................................................................................................5
Project Schedule..........................................................................................................................5
Chapter Outline...........................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Research Background
Employees are considered as base of the company. The growth and profitability of the
organisation is directly influenced by their performance. In order to increase productivity of the
firm, workforce should be motivated. Motivation plays significant role in influencing employees
for doing effective work (Fernandes, Ward and Araújo, 2015). For this leader and managers of
the business group are actively working. The present proposal is based on the role and
importance of motivation in raising the employees performance. This report is based presented in
context with the Sport Direct PLC (Gelens and et.al., 2013). They are one of the promising
service providing retail company of UK. Through providing diversified services they are trying
to attract maximum number of customers. Products being provided by the company are sports,
fashionable and lifestyle. The major target of the company is to expand their market into Europe
and expand services around 19 countries around the world (McCleskey, 2014). For this they are
motivation employees to produce effective outcomes. With the help of this research they will be
able to effectively understand the role and importance of the research. On the basis of that they
are able to make necessary changes. This plays significant role in maximizing profitability of
company (Renninger, Hidi and Krapp, 2014).
Research Problem
The Sport Direct PLC is trying to expand their services at various part of the Europe and
19 countries around the world. Currently, they are having work force of skilled and capable
employees. In order to expand their business they want to maximise productivity of their
products (Sahin, Çubuk and Uslu, 2014). In this process motivation is identified as the biggest
problem for the company. The performance of the workforce is not impressive. Therefore,
motivation is identified as the reason due to which they are not able to effectively perform their
services (Sayed, 2014). There are various factors that can demotivate employees. Some of them
are work place environment, ineffective resources and offers, employee benefits and so on. The
present research is base on the impact of motivation in raising the employees performance of the
employees, based on the Sport Direct PLC (Stanley and et.al., 2013).
Research Purpose
“To understand the impact of motivation in raising the employee performance: The case study is
based on Sport Direct PLC.”
1

Research Objectives
 To analyse the concept of employees motivation in raising their performance
 To assert the relationship between motivation and employees performance in context
with Sport Direct PLC.
 To determine the impact of motivation on the performance of the employee in context
with Sport Direct PLC.
 To recommend the suitable strategies for in motivating employees at work place.
Research Question
 Why motivation is important improving performance of employees/?
 How motivational concept is related with the employees of Sport Direct.
 What are the impact of motivation on the performance of the employee in context with
Sport Direct PLC.
 What can be best motivational approach for improving the performance f the employees
of Sport Direct PLC?
Literature Review
Motivation is considered as one of the important aspect for the development of the
employees. It helps in encouraging workers for producing effective work. It helps in maximising
profitability of company (Van Knippenberg and et.al., 2013). According to the various research
the growth of company is directly related with the motivation level of the company. There are
different theories and models are developed for the same (Tims and et.al., 2013). The current
report is based on the Sport Direct PLC.
According Bolino and et.al., (2013) motivation is the self- determination of the
employees for producing effective work. For this his/ her previous experience supports by
supplying potential. The aim of the firm to maximise profitability and growth, for this they are
offering high quality and promising services. Lack of motivation in staff can create huge impact
on quality of product. As per the view of Burnette and et.al., (2013) there are various factors that
plays significant role in encouraging employees such as environment, communication channels,
ineffective leadership and management etc. these all factor influences the motivation level of the
workers. If the company is not able to provide these facilities to their employees they are not able
to maximise productivity (Yukl, G.and et.al., 2013). One of the major reason of employees
2

demotivation is services provided by the company in the form of employee benefits such as
health and medical facilities, compensations etc. Therefore, firm should implement suitable
strategies through which employees will influence and get attracted in order to produce effective
services.
Proposed Research Methodology
This is considered as the significant step of the research project. It consists of details
about tools and approaches that are considered for the analysis process. In this various segments
are considered, such as philosophy, design, approach, strategy, data collection, sampling and
analysis, ethical consideration, validity and limitations (Van Knippenberg and et.al., 2013). In
order to study about role of motivation in employees performance of Sport Direct PLC, this
method is crucial.
 Research philosophy: This is considered as a process thorough which data is gathered
and analysed. It consists of two methods such as interepretivism and Positivism. In this
researcher will make use of positivism for analysing the role of motivation in the raising
performance of employees in Sport Direct (Yukl, G.and et.al., 2013). With the helps of
this approach researcher is able to apply various concept to the result.
 Research design: Through this step analyser will be able to get the layout of the process.
It is mainly focused on three types such as, exploratory, descriptive and experimental. In
the present dissertation, investigator will apply descriptive design, with the help of this
approach they will be implementing questionnaire. On the basis of that investigation is
made (Bolino and et.al., 2013).
 Research approach: It refers the process in which research will be carried out. In this
method two approaches are considered such as deductive and inductive. The present
report is based on inductive approach, in which researcher will be considering inductive
method (Burnette and et.al., 2013). With the help of this process investigator is able to
determine the relationship between motivation and employee performance
 Research strategy: This is considered as a techniques through which objective of the of
the research is attained. For this various methods are considered like, quantitative and
qualitative (Fernandes, Ward and Araújo, 2015). In this report, researcher will implement
qualitative approach. It will help in implementing various approaches and methods to
obtain productive outcomes
3

 Data collection: This is considered as a method through which investigator will
collecting data. For this two methods are implemented, primary and secondary. In this
report research will be applying both the methods. In primary questionnaire and
interviews are organised for employees and managers. On the other hand newspaper and
books are referee for secondary data (Gelens and et.al., 2013).
 Sampling: As Sport Direct is leading retail company of UK. They are having huge work
force. Therefore, interview will not be feasible approach, in this case questionnaire will
be developed for both manager and employees of the company.
 Research Analysis: One data is collected various approaches are implemented for
generating effective outcomes. In this process various approaches are considered, such as
deductive and inductive. This report is based on inductive approach, in which research is
based on the theories. In this process research will not required to develop any kind of
hypothesis, due to which complication of the process get reduced (McCleskey, 2014).
 Ethical consideration: Data that will be collected by ethical and reputed sources. No
unethical manipulation will be implemented on the data. Investigator will maintain
confidentiality and privacy of data.
 Validity: The analyser will provide all the valid and reliable information. It will help the
scholar for identifying suitable techniques and taking suitable steps.
Significance of research
There are various significance are identified of the research. With the help of this process
investigator will be able to determinant the importance of motivation and their role in raising
performance of employees. Foe this various concepts and method are available. On the basis of
that analyser will be determining the performance of employees in the Sport Direct. It helps in
identifying loopholes and on the basis of that various approaches will be implemented. It helps in
maximising growth of company and also increasing profitability. Along with this employees will
be also benefited with this, as it helps in developing their skills and knowledge (Renninger, Hidi
and Krapp, 2014). With the help of research and analysis report company is able to make
effective strategies in order to overcome issues and encourage work force. It helps in increasing
productivity of the company. Therefore, this research is considered as significant step.
4

Research Limitations
The limitations in the research analysis process of importance of motivation for raising
performance of employees that are mentioned below:
 Limited time: The researcher will not be provided with sufficient amount for conducting
research. It creates direct impact on the effectiveness of the outcomes. Therefore, proper
time should be provided for conducting research.
 Lack of fund: Sufficient fund will not be provided to the analyser, due to which they are
not able to apply effective approaches. It creates direct impact on the results. Therefore,
enough capital should be provided to the person for research
 Limited data sample: Imitated sample size will be considered as one of the biggest
issues, due to which researcher is not able to explore various points and it will create
huge impact on the results.
 Ineffective aim and objective: Effectiveness of the aim and objective is very important in
the research process. It the objective of not suitable researcher will not be able to produce
effective outcomes.
Project Schedule
The project schedule helps in determining the approx. time required by the researcher in
the data collection and analysis process. In this all the stages of the determination process are
applied. With the help of this approach investigator will be able to determine the time required in
each stage (Renninger, Hidi and Krapp, 2014).
Following is the Gantt chart through which importance and role of motivation in employees
performance with respect with Sport direct PLC is analyse.
Stages Week
1th
Week
2nd
Wee
k 3rd
Week
4th
Week
5th
Week 6th Week 7th Week
9th
Aims and
Objective
LR
RM
5

Data
collection
Research
process
Data
Analysis
Conclusion
Chapter Outline
The dissertation is mainly divided into five parts. With the helps these units, effectiveness
of data collection process is maintained. Through these steps various tools and approaches are
applied. Following are the chapter outline of the desertion:
Chapter 1 Introduction: This is considered as first chapter of desertion. In this portion
introduction and overview of the topic is provided. With the help of this base is created on which
further research and analysis process is dependent. Along with this aim and objective of the
report is also included in this part.
Chapter 2 Literature Review : This is considered as part of the report in which critical analysis
of the topic is considered. The analysis is based on the aim and objective, in this process various
views are presented from literature. It helps in increasing understanding and gaining information
related to the topic. This is completely based on the secondary resources.
Chapter 3 Research Methodologies : This is considered as one of the significant part of the
report. In this unit various tools and methodologies are considered through which investigation
can be carried out effectively. While implementing each approach justification should be also
provided. It helps in increasing effectiveness of the process.
Chapter 4 Data Analysis : In this part various operations are implemented on the data that are
collected in the previous steps. In this section primary and secondary approaches are
implemented. This is considered as one of the important steps as it supports the analyser in
reaching the outcomes effectively.
6

Chapter Conclusion and Recommendations: This is considered as last part of the report in
which all the outcomes of the research are included. This is provided with all the positive and
negative points of the report. Along with this recommendations are also provided, through which
necessary changes can be effectively implemented.
7

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Bolino, M. and et.al., 2013. Exploring the dark side of organizational citizenship
behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior.34(4). pp.542-559.
Burnette, J. and et.al., 2013. Mind-sets matter: A meta-analytic review of implicit theories and
self-regulation.
Fernandes, G., Ward, S. and Araújo, M., 2015. Improving and embedding project management
practice in organisations—A qualitative study. International Journal of Project
Management.33(5). pp.1052-1067.
Gelens, J.and et.al., 2013. The role of perceived organizational justice in shaping the outcomes
of talent management: A research agenda. Human Resource Management Review.23(4).
pp.341-353.
McCleskey, J. A., 2014. Situational, transformational, and transactional leadership and
leadership development. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly.5(4). p.117.
Renninger, A., Hidi, S. and Krapp, A. eds., 2014. The role of interest in learning and
development. Psychology Press.
Sahin, D. R., Çubuk, D. and Uslu, T., 2014. The effect of organizational support,
transformational leadership, personnel empowerment, work engagement, performance
and demographical variables on the factors of psychological capital. Emerging Markets
Journal.3(3). p.1.
Sayed, A. H., 2014. Adaptation, learning, and optimization over networks. Foundations and
Trends® in Machine Learning.7(4-5). pp.311-801.
Stanley, L. and et.al., 2013. Commitment profiles and employee turnover. Journal of Vocational
Behavior>82(3). pp.176-187.
Tims, M. and et.al., 2013. Job crafting at the team and individual level: Implications for work
engagement and performance. Group & Organization Management.38(4). pp.427-454.
Van Knippenberg, D. and et.al., 2013. Diversity mindsets and the performance of diverse
teams. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes.121(2). pp.183-193.
Yukl, G.and et.al., 2013. An improved measure of ethical leadership. Journal of leadership &
organizational studies.20(1). pp.38-48.
8

9