Learning Processes in Educational Psychology

Running head: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author note

1INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY
Executive summary
The primary aim of the report is to provide an idea about “learning” in the context of
Educational Psychology. It further discusses about the various processes of learning with suitable
examples. The report gives a vivid illustration on the different types of Theories of Learning, the
processes involved as well the disadvantage of a particular learning theory. In conclusion, it can
be said that, every theory has its own significance, and is vital to understand. At the time of
deciding what strategies are to be used, the following points are to be considered: the intensity of
knowledge possessed by the learner; the demands of thought processing, and the outcome which
is desired. The behavior of the students in a classroom in a given situation has also been
explained.

2INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Learning Theories............................................................................................................................5
Behaviorism.................................................................................................................................5
Cognitivism..................................................................................................................................7
Constructivism.............................................................................................................................9
Student Behavior.......................................................................................................................12
Critical analysis.........................................................................................................................12
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................14
References......................................................................................................................................15

3INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction
Learning is the method of acquisition or gathering of skills or knowledge, which can be
through various means, like through the process of studying, by personal experiences or being
taught. The learning process influences the decisions, attitude, actions and opinion of the people.
It is used in the field of Educational Psychology.
One of the familiar and common way in which people learn, from childhood, is by the
process of observation. Learning by the process of observation involves watching, following,
copying and noting the behavior of others in a particular situation.
A basic example can be taken, that people learn by the process of observation, is ‘talking’
or even ‘walking’. The infants learn to talk by imitating the elders. Observational learning often
happens naturally, and is often not realized by the people (Zentall, 2012).
Another type of learning, which is studied by the Educational Psychologists, is through
conditioning. Conditioning can be of two types, namely, ‘Operant Conditioning’ and ‘Classical
Conditioning’ (Henton & Iversen, 2012). Learning through Classical conditioning involves
association of a particular phenomena or thing pertaining to the environment, and forecasting
what would happen after that. The Russian scientist, Ivan Pavlov, explained classical
conditioning.
Behaviors of dogs were observed. The dogs were given food, after ringing the bell. In
due course, the dogs were accustomed to this. Eventually, they started associating food-delivery
with the sound of the bell. This was evidenced as the dogs would start salivating with
anticipation, even when there would not be any smell or sight of food. It has been regarded that