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Psychology for Health and Social Care Social Assignment

   

Added on  2021-02-20

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Psychology for Health and Social CareWhereas, Erikson's point of view was related to how differentsocial activities shape development of competence withinchildren.Adolescence: While Freud's theory paid appropriate attention topsychosexual development and finding balance between differentareas of life, Erikson's work emphasises on how teens focus onexploration of different roles and attitudes, which could be moreprosperous through social support.Adulthood: In this stage, Freud's Work focused on developmentbetween birth to teen years, where early childhood plays activerole in development of personality. However, Erikson emphasisedon a subsequent development of personality even at old age.Psychodynamic Vs. Cognitive: There are several other theorieswhich are quite different from one another and are required to beunderstood to further understand the lifespan development. Psychodynamic Theory: As mentioned above, this theory isrelated to how early childhood experiences have appropriateimpact on individuals throughout their remaining lives. Moreover,according to this theory, personality, mindset and workings andactions of a person effectively shapes up through their childhoodexperiences, which acts as an appropriate element withindevelopment of their conscious.Cognitive Theory: On the other hand, this theory is associatedwith how current information is appropriately processed by humanbrain and is not related to their past history. Moreover, studiesrelated to this theory explains how conditioning and externalenvironment shapes up mind-set of individuals.For instance, while Freud's theory covers genetic and cognitivefactors into consideration, work of Erikson focused more on thesocial experiences, which have an appropriate impact on thewhole lifespan development. It could be said that Erikson’stheory is focused more on discontinuity, as it has several stagesof development, whereas Freud’s work is focused on a morecontinuous development. The difference between these aspectsare discussed at each stage below:Birth to 1 Year: Within this stage, the focus of the work ofFreud is related to how a child could experience pleasurethrough their mouth, by activities like tasting and eating,whereas, Erikson's work called this stage as trust versusmistrust, where, trust is a major factor which becomes the basisof their dependency in the world in later stages, as well asgovern their activities, like eating, at this stage.1-3 Years: Within this stage, Freud's work emphasises on howchildren gain experience and sense towards controlling boweland bladder movements. On the other hand, in Erikson's work,it was termed as autonomy versus shame and doubt stage,where children develop such sense of self-sufficiency throughseveral controlling activities like talking, eating, toilet training,etc.3-6 Years: A major difference in these theories were witnessedat this stage, where Freud's work stated that a feeling ofidentification within children becomes evident from their samesex parent, where boys and girls experience Oedupus andElectra complex, respectively. On the other hand, Erikson'stheory stated that at this stage, children start taking control overtheir environment, where a sense of purpose is developed alongPsychology is an appropriate area of study and practice, whichis associated with a brief study and assessment of humanmind, as well as several functions performed by the same.Furthermore, it is also appropriately related to characteristicsof different people or group, which is essential to be analysedin order to understand the reasons for a particular behaviour. 1.1. Comparison of Different Psychological Theories ofLifespan DevelopmentLifespan Development means a complete procedurein relation to human development, from their birth to death.Moreover, it is inclusive of a holistic approach that is relatedto understanding all psychological, emotional, cognitive, aswell as, social changes related to different individuals.Furthermore, continuity vs discontinuity is anotherappropriate and effective aspect related to developmentalpsychology. This is a major theory, which undertakes as towhether the development is being smoothly, or throughpredetermined steps.However, there are different psychological theories,associated with the same, which are appropriately andeffectively developed to understand the aspects of lifespandevelopment in people. However, different theorists havedistinct perspectives and studies, which contrast in terms ofbelief, application and mindset. Thus, several theories arecompared below:Erikson vs. Freud: There are several well knownand recognised theories, which are well associated withINTRODUCTION
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