Psychosocial Development

Running Head: PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Introduction
Psychosocial development focuses on the emotional, social and intellectual
capabilities of the individuals that increase from the infancy to the old age of an individual
(Mullins et al., 2015). The development of an individual starts from the infant and continues
until the old age of a particular individual. During early childhood tremendous changes occur
in the life of an individual and affect the overall development of an individual (Greene,
2017). Psychosocial development refers to the development of the personality of an
individual that also includes the acquisition of the social attitudes and the skills beginning
from the infancy through the maturity level. The essay tends to support the eight stages of
Erickson’s psychological theory that includes trust, autonomy, initiative, industry, identity,
intimacy, generativity and integrity (Kintsch, & Vipond, 2014). As the case study focuses on
a child Andrew thus, the essay will discuss the overall psychological development of children
who belong to the age group of 2-5 years. This essay tends to argue about the various social
skills among the infants and the young children that affect the overall development of the
individuals. The essay also describes the various stages of Erickson theory that emphasizes
on the factors that affect the development at the time of infancy and early childhood (Ruiz &
Perete, 2015).
Discussion
According to Erickson the overall personality of an individual is determined through
eight phases of psychosocial development from the infancy to the adulthood (Svetina, 2014).
At each stage the individual experiences a psychosocial crisis that can have either a positive
or a negative impact on the overall development of the person’s development. According to
the theory, successful completion of each stage results in a healthy personality of along with

2PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
the acquisition of the most basic virtues. The basic virtues refer to the characteristic strengths
of an individual (Liddle & Carter, 2015).
Psychological Components
From the given case study it is very clear that psychological components are an
important part of an individual’s overall development (Nordén, Hult & Engström, 2014).
These factors form an impact on the individual and thus, it is very important to emphasize
more on these factors. For example, Maria and Tom are trying to give their child Andrew
equal amount of time and attention so that it creates a positive impact on the child (Liddle &
Carter, 2015). According to Erickson’s theory of development this is very important at the
early childhood so that they develop a sense of autonomy and can learn about certain things
that are necessary to build the self-esteem among the children, develop positive behavior in
them and also to encourage communication among the children and the parents (Ruiz &
Perete, 2015).
Social Components
Psychosocial factors are the third stage of Erickson that refers to the phase when the
children begin to control certain things by asserting their power. In the given case study, it is
clear that Andrew is having a clear psychosocial development as he is active in the day care
and likes to sing songs along with his father (Svetina, 2014). The social component is thus
very necessary elements in the life of an individual that should be enhanced with proper
psychological model.
Cognitive Components
In the case study it is clear and can be explained by the use of an example that
Andrew had a perfect cognitive development as he liked to play, dance and sing in the play
school as well as in the house. However he was not toilet trained and was lacking in that