Concepts and Principles of Modern Public Health and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy

Public health

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................1
1. Discuss the concepts and principles of modern public health that underpin the intervention
you have chosen...........................................................................................................................1
2. Identify and explain the key elements of this public health intervention and how they would
be evaluated.................................................................................................................................4
3. Review the evidence that supports this intervention and determine if the intervention is
considered effective or not...........................................................................................................6
4. Describe one evaluation that has been carried out on this intervention and discuss
recommendations for the invention from this evaluation............................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Public health is referred as the approach to medicine which is related to the health of
community as an entire. The main aim of public health is to fulfil the interest of society in
assuring conditions within which individuals can be healthy. The core functions of public health
include assessment as well as monitoring of community and population health at risk to
determine health issues and priorities; to ensure that all the individuals have access to cost
effective and appropriate care involving disease prevention services and health promotion and
evaluation of care effectiveness; and development of public policies framed to resolve identified
National and local health issues and priorities. Mental health is characterized as a state of
wellbeing within which a person realises his or her own abilities, able to cope up with normal
stresses in life, can perform his or her work productively as well as enable to make contribution
to community (Brownson, Baker, Deshpande, and Gillespie, 2017).
Poor mental health is one of the core issue from which young people suffer more today. This
issues includes anxiety and depression which highly impact on life of an individual. To address
this health concern, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is selected as a public health
intervention. This report covers concepts and principles of public health that underpin
intervention and the key elements of public health intervention are determined and evaluated.
Apart from this, a review has been carried out to support the intervention and determine that it is
effective or not in improving mental health of an individual. At last, the evaluation performed on
the cognitive behavioural therapy and recommendation for intervention are discussed in the
report.
MAIN BODY
1. Discuss the concepts and principles of modern public health that underpin the intervention you
have chosen
Public health is the science of preventing diseases, promoting health and prolonging life by
organised efforts as well as informed choices of public and private communities, organisations,
societies and individuals (Campion, and Knapp, 2018). It helps in promoting and improving
healthy lifestyles among individuals by detecting and preventing diseases. The main role of
public health is to determine and resolve the issues of community associated with health. In
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improving the health outcomes of individuals, healthcare professionals play a crucial role in
executing educational programs, development policies and providing services to improve health
and wellbeing of community. In all the health issues, mental health issue is more prevalent
among the young people. The issues such as anxiety and depression are the major issues from
which the youths who are aged between 16 to 24 years are suffering. Mental health of an
individual is equally important as physical health and it relies on capability of an individual
enjoy life, balance it and feel safe and secure. Modern public health is associated with addressing
the determinants of health across the population. It is a unified approach to protect and promote
health of individuals and society (Bernal, Cummins, and Gasparrini, 2017).
In United Kingdom, one in four people experience mental health issues each year. It has
been found in the research that 1 and 6 individuals in England experience common mental health
issues like depression and anxiety. A survey is performed in England in every 7 years in order to
measure the number of individuals who have distinct types of mental health issues. In year 2016,
it has been found from the survey that 5.9 in hundred people was suffered from generalized
anxiety disorder, 3.3 suffered from depression, 2.4 suffered from phobias, 0.6 from panic
disorder, 4.4 from post-traumatic stress disorder and 7.8 in 100 individuals was suffered from
mixed anxiety and depression. The estimates from psychotic disorder, personality disorder and
bipolar disorder are measured over the lifetime of an individual, instead of each year. Many
people experience mental health issues each year and it is the second largest reason of burden of
disease in England. Individuals with long-term mental health issues lose their employment each
year which is around double the rate of those individuals who are not having any mental health
issues. Before the age of 18, around 75% of mental illness starts (Key facts and statistics on
mental health problems and issues, 2020). 70 to 75% of individuals who are diagnosed with
mental illness receives no treatment. The mental ill health initiates in half of the people by age of
15 and by age of 18, the mental health issues are developed in around 75% of people. The
women who are aged between 16 and 24 are almost three times possibly to experience mental
health problems as males of similar age.
It is found from the survey that, around 34% of students are having psychological
difficulties and in order to overcome these, they need help of professionals (Bousema, and et.
al., 2014). In year 2016-2017, around 95 higher education students died due to suicide in Wales
and England. In year 2015, the rates of female suicide rises in England to its highest level since
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