Software Design & Development

This assignment discusses the design considerations for web applications to cater to visually impaired clients and clients with limited hand coordination. It covers topics such as enhancing readability, higher contrast, use of speech recognition tools, and simple navigation. It also explores the use of ICT for green computing and the implementation of smart route planning software and remote working technologies. The assignment concludes with a discussion on projects and processes in computer building and upgrading, and the comparison with other students' perspectives.

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Assignment
2/15/2019

Assignment
Table of Contents
Software Design & Development..........................................................................................................2
Blind/Visually Impaired Clients........................................................................................................2
Limited/Poor Hand Coordination......................................................................................................2
Comparison & Discussion with other Students..................................................................................2
Use of ICT for Green Computing..........................................................................................................3
Comparison & Discussion with other Students..................................................................................3
Projects & Processes..............................................................................................................................4
Building a Computer on a Production Line of Identical Computers..................................................4
Building a House in a Series of Identical Houses in Australia...........................................................4
Computer Upgrade – Windows 7 to Windows 10.............................................................................4
Upgrade of 120 Computers - Windows 7 to Windows 10.................................................................4
Comparison & Discussion with other Students..................................................................................4
References.............................................................................................................................................5
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Assignment
Software Design & Development
Blind/Visually Impaired Clients
The web sites and web applications shall be designed in such a manner that the alternate
stylesheets with larger font sizes can be applied by the users. The default point may also be
made a few points larger to enhance the readability of the text.
There are a number of eye disorders, such as Glaucoma, Cataracts, etc. that may lead to
deterioration of contrast sensitivity. The web applications shall therefore ensure higher
contrast between the elements to allow the visually impaired clients to utilize the site (Im and
Hwang, 2015). The web design shall aim for higher contrast for the clients that are colour
blind.
The separation of the shapes shall be done using the outlines to enhance the colours and
visual appeal (Zhou and Zhao, 2011). The use of speech recognition tools and software shall
be done in the web application design to allow the blind to utilize the application effectively.
The use of screen reading software, such as JAWS (Job Access with Speech) is done by the
visually impaired. The alt text from the images shall also be removed for better user
experience.
Limited/Poor Hand Coordination
Speech recognition software shall be integrated in the web applications to allow the clients
with limited or poor hand coordination to provide commands and instructions using their
speech. With the integration of any of such software, the commands will be given by the
clients verbally. This will lead to the overall enhancement of the user experience and will also
make it easier to access the application.
The use of focus while navigating the site shall also be included in the web design to assist
the clients with limited hand coordination. Videos have become a significant part of the web
portals in the present times. The videos shall have subtitles/caption to assist the clients that
are hearing impaired. The navigation and scrolling on the web application shall be
straightforward and simple.
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Assignment
Comparison & Discussion with other Students
When comparing and discussing the answers with the other student, it was observed that
there were a few similarities and certain differences in the answers that were given. The other
student had also included the use of speech recognition for hearing impaired and adjustment
of contrast for visually impaired and colour blind. The other student had also suggested the
use of multiple contact options for the hearing impaired clients. The use of emails alongside
phone was suggested which is one of the necessary inclusions that shall be made.
Use of ICT for Green Computing
There are various ways in which ICT can be used and applied to implement Green ICT and
bring down the carbon footprint.
One such ICT application is the smart route planning software that can bring down the
delivery fleet emissions. Online deliveries have become essential for a majority of businesses
in the present times. The presence of the vehicles that are used for deliveries can have a
significant impact on the levels of carbon emissions. With the aid of technology, there is
smart route planning software applications that have been developed that can optimize the
route delivery options and ensure that the vehicles spend least amount of time on the road
(Janosikova, Slavík and Kohani, 2014). It can lead to reduction of the carbon footprint.
There are technologies that have been developed that provide the employees to work
remotely. The increased use of cloud computing services and applications along with the
implementation of Bring Your Own Devices (BYOD) policy by the organizations prevents
the employees to visit the office premises. The energy consumption in the offices is
significantly reduced with the development of such technologies which has resulted in the
carbon footprint. Also, the use of e-data and cloud services, the elimination of hard copies has
been observed. The paperless working has also resulted in positive implications on the
environment.
Internet of Things (IoT) is a technology that is being used along with Artificial Intelligence
and other emerging concepts to develop home and office automation systems (Kulkarni,
2017). Energy and power control can be easily carried out remotely with the aid of such
applications which has resulted in energy optimization and has eliminated the wastage.
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Assignment
Comparison & Discussion with other Students
The other student included and explained the concept of autonomous vehicles which are
developed using AI and the contribution of these electrical & driverless vehicles in
controlling the carbon footprint. The use of IoT is highlighted by the other student as well by
explaining the applications, such as smart parking systems, office automation systems, tele-
health applications etc. These applications can be used to control carbon emissions which can
significantly bring down the carbon footprint.
Projects & Processes
Building a Computer on a Production Line of Identical Computers
A process is defined as an activity that is carried out repeatedly while a project is something
that is carried out as a new activity (Componation, Dorneich and Hansen, 2015).
Building a computer on a production line of identical computers is a process as it involves a
series of activities that are repeatedly carried out.
Building a House in a Series of Identical Houses in Australia
Building a house in a series of identical houses in Australia is a project as it is an activity that
is has its own set of tasks, risks, issues, and methods to be carried out.
Computer Upgrade – Windows 7 to Windows 10
Upgrading a computer system from Windows 7 operating system to Windows 10 operating
system is a process as it a task that does not have a planned scope or schedule. A computer
support executive can carry out the process (Browning, 2014).
Upgrade of 120 Computers - Windows 7 to Windows 10
The upgrade of 120 computers is a project as it is an activity that is done at huge gaps. There
are specific risks and issues that may be associated with the same.
Comparison & Discussion with other Students
The other student described a project as a task or an activity that involves creation of
something new while a process is defined as an activity that includes conduction of a
repeated set of activities. The student described two out of four tasks as processes while the
other two as projects.
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Assignment
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Assignment
References
Browning, T. (2014). Managing complex project process models with a process architecture
framework. International Journal of Project Management, 32(2), pp.229-241.
Componation, P., Dorneich, M. and Hansen, J. (2015). Comparing Systems Engineering and
Project Success in Commercial-focused versus Government-focused Projects. Procedia
Computer Science, 44, pp.266-274.
Im, S. and Hwang, H. (2015). Design of User Interface for Improving the Web Service
Accessibility of the Blind in Healing Service Environments. The Journal of Korean Institute
of Information Technology, 13(12), p.115.
Janosikova, Slavik, J. and Kohani, M. (2014). Estimation of a route choice model for urban
public transport using smart card data. Transportation Planning and Technology, 37(7),
pp.638-648.
Kulkarni, N. (2017). Green Industrial Automation Based On IOT: A Survey. International
Journal of Emerging Trends in Science and Technology, 4(8).
Zhou, X. and Zhao, Q. (2011). Key Technologies of Computer Aided Color Design System
for the Color Blind. Advanced Materials Research, 411, pp.617-621.
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