Effects of Racial Discrimination on Workers in Disability Sector in NSW: A Qualitative Enquiry

This research explores the effects of racial discrimination on workers in the disability sector in New South Wales, Sydney. It discusses the causes and impact of discrimination and the methods used to collect and analyze data.

Assessment: 3
(The effects of racial discrimination amongst
workers in disability sector, in New South Wales,
Sydney: a qualitative enquiry)

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
Research questions.................................................................................................................3
Discussion of methodology....................................................................................................7
Justification.............................................................................................................................7
Analysis of data......................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Racial discrimination is categorised as such actions which are executed in intentionally
and unintentionally manner and lead to hurt emotions and feelings. This is a practice in which
unfavourable behaviour can be exerted and this may belong to certain race. This situation arise
when victim and inflicted person is belonging to different race. As accordance with the law there
are significant laws which are exerted in order to provide safe environment at workplace to
everyone so that they may work with higher appropriateness. This is regarded as an unlawful
situation when employee face harassment then offensive behaviour may be faced which is not
associated with law (Snyder and Schwartz, 2019). Within workplace such policies are required
to be framed so that negative impact over individual and workplace can be minimised. In the
context of Australia as the country is having significant law to prevent discrimination called
Equality Act 2010. In the presence of racial discrimination productivity of people may be
decreased and in the same manner several differences may be allowed. Racial discrimination is
not an advantageous approach which is seen due to colour, nationality and ethnic differences.
This research is providing greatest knowledge regarding racial discrimination which could be
helpful in gaining such insights regarding the topic. Besides this the research is going to provide
reasons and problems caused due to discrimination and along with this the research report is
discussing various negative consequences faced by employees in terms of their performance and
involvement. The report is covering the methods which can be used in order to analyse collect
data along with its positive and negative insights.
Research questions
What is racial discrimination?
According to Whitaker (2019), Racial discrimination is the situation in which a person is
treated as less favourable and these are not receiving similar opportunities as compared to others.
Racial discrimination is one of such practice in which groups are targetted ethnic groups are
being seen and they are treated in some discriminative manner. Races are also covering some
ethnic and racial groups which are belonging to some other community and race. The major
inclusion within racial discrimination is associated with age, visibility, gender and background
and many more. Discrimination may lead in providing mental pressure to individual as this will
result into developing some racial issues as well. Racial discrimination is any sort of

discrimination which is face against skin colour of individual their belongingness to some ethnic
group. Discrimination is based on colour and this is causing to develop proxy within system of
individual. This is being analysed that racial discrimination is something in which practices are
involved which leads to treat people in unfavourable manner because the person is associated
with some deformity linked with caste, race, religion or colour. The law existed within Australia
is forbidding discrimination as this is the practice which is leading into developing of unequal
pay, mismanagement in hiring policies and many more. This is regarded as unlawful practices
which are somewhere seen within workplace and these are not acceptable as may lead into
developing negative image at workplace.
According to Lee and et. al., (2019), This is being examined that when people are facing
such issues this is highly negative for their personal and professional development.
Discrimination is regarded as unfair and lead to treat people is prejudice manner and this is
something which is providing negative impact over physical and mental health of individual.
Racial discrimination is a public issue in which the person who is facing discrimination may
have higher mental stress and several health problem. Chronic stress may lead into providing
different physical and mental mismanagement which is the major reason of high end obesity,
depression and higher blood pressure. In order to deal with racial discrimination individual is
required to focus on their strengths which is seeking to develop support system. Support system
is associated with such aspects which are helping to develop such expectations and experience
which are worth claiming long terms scenarios. Besides this professional help could be the
aspect which is helpful in order to cover various dimensions linked with racial discrimination.
Racial discrimination is difficult to prove at workplace and this way talented employees are also
treated in biased way and this can be of both direct and indirect type. In the context of direct
racism a proof is exerted against discrimination in which this is defined as the situation of clear
discrimination. Besides this in the context of indirect discrimination in prima facie racial
discrimination is not identified which is one of the most common racial discrimination seen.
What are the causes of racial discrimination at workplace ?
According to Helen (2020), Racial discrimination is defined as one of the negative
practice which is exerted in a manner by which people are suppressed on the basis of their race
and other constraints. Racial discrimination is associated with feeling of disadvantage and this is
regarded as the situation of demotivation and distress.

Racial discrimination is mainly defined as the situation when a worker feels deprived
because of their colour, nationality and so on. There are different causes of discrimination which
is being described below: -
 It creates a toxic culture which is not good for a business organization. If an employee
feels that a racist behaviour is taking place then it creates lack of psychological safety.
Due to this productivity gets reduced.
 Racial discrimination also leads to problems with respect to both mental as well as
physical health. When workers are being discriminated on the basis of their colour or
their religion then they may feel very much stressed due to which it causes depression.
Organisational hierarchy is the major reason of racism as in some organisation
organisational hierarchy is baised due to which several disparities are propounded and these may
lead into developing unethical behaviour called racism. Racism is all about differentiating people
in some basis so that they do not get ample opportunities to grow and sustain within market.
Besides this biased decisions taken by the organisation is the anther aspects in which racial
discrimination may arise due to which various complications are face.
What is the impact of racial discrimination at workplace?
According to Brown and et. al., (2019), Racial discrimination is a type of discrimination
against a person on the basis of several aspect such as skin colour, ethnic origin etc. This term is
generally present at workplace that impact negatively on relationship among members along with
it also impact negatively on mental and physical health of workers who are working within an
organisation. Those employees who are highly skill at workplace experienced discrimination at
higher level of psychological distress and health related issues. Hence racial discrimination
within workplace impact negatively on the employees that creates negative environment due to
which employees are not focus towards attaining goals effectively. Racial discrimination at
workplace linked with creating bad image of company in market due to which firm does not
attain competitive advantage within marketplace. Due to this discrimination negative outcome
are to be faced by company by employee side. Racial discrimination negatively impact employee
performance and productivity.
According to Kirkinis and et. al., (2021), Recent events says that racism is having higher
impact over society and this is regarded as a situation which is not including happiness within
organisation. Benefits of diversity is associated with gaining of differential benefits so that in

appropriate manner business benefits can be attained. In the view of racial discrimination when
such practices are exercised within organisation then diversity is the major constraint which is
seen in diminished manner. This is known that benefits of diversity is higher in the context of
organisation which is one of the major aspects related with gaining overall efficiency within
employees and their involvement. This is analysed that racial discrimination is regarded as one
of the significant bad practices which are having direct impact over organisational and individual
efficiency. In order to look forward to it this is being analysed that anti-racism practices are
required to be adopted so that significant changes can be seen within working organisation and at
the same time maximum involvement of employees can be seen.
Racism practices may lead into stifles in creativity as employees are not able to work
with fuller efficiency and involvement. For employees gaining of rewards are the another aspect
which is needed by every working employees and in this manner it can be said that using anti-
racism practices will lead the business to gain such insights so that overall business benefits can
be attained. Besides this in the presence of racism within organisation working culture may also
face negative impacts as in terms of facing such issues linked with business objectives.
According to Arnold, Dobbie and Hull (2020), Racism may lead into increment of
employee absenteeism as employee do not feel comfortable in managing operational working at
workplace which is the major reason of creation of employee absenteeism. Racism is a practice
which is associated with unfair treatment between employees and due to this employees feel
anxious regarding working practices adopted by the organisation. In this manner racism is those
practices in which employees are discriminated and treated in unequal manner.

Discussion of methodology
There are various methods which are used by researcher in order to collect data and these
can be inhaled by the researcher in order to align pre-defined objectives. These are the
instrument which is required to be used by researcher so that to align their research objectives
with undertaken efforts. These methods are defined as such assistance in which process of data
collection and analysis can be executed and research objectives can be aligned as well. There are
numerous methods within research instrument such as interview, questionnaire, observation and
focus group. A research interview is related with such conversation which undertakes between
two people. This is one of the significant method which is helpful in gaining significant and in-
depth manner. With the help of such interview appropriate and relevant information can be
collected regarding topic of research and this manner researcher is able to frame research
objectives appropriately.
On the other hand questionnaire is the another type of research instrument which can be
used by researcher in order to align research objectives. Questionnaire is made up of close ended
questions in which various dimensions of research are covered. Using appropriate questionnaire
this is easier for researcher to attain research objectives and utilise their efforts (Priest and
Williams, 2018). This is examined that there questionnaire is the type of research instrument
which is widely used in researcher as this is providing broad view related with research topic and
this leads the researcher to gain their objectives in effective manner. Similarly observation is
defined as another research instrument which is used by researcher so that to attain research
objectives. Research observation is a qualitative research technique in which overall situations
are being analysed so that in significant manner in-depth manner. Using information collected
through observation researcher may have access to diversified information which is beneficial
for them to accomplish research objectives.
Justification
From the above analysed aspects this can be said that there are various types of research
methodologies which can be used by researcher in order to execute their researches. All of these
methodologies are highly effective and these are helpful in gaining overall research objectives in
most appropriate manner. Under this research as qualitative research is undertaken so interview
is regarded as the most impactful technique which is helpful in gaining in-depth information and

to align research objectives. Using interview within this research appropriate knowledge and
insights can be collected by researcher which could lead in accomplishing research objectives.
Analysis of data
Data analysis is defined as the process which is associated with the methods in order to
examine and analyse collected data and to draw significant results. The current research is based
on analysing the impact of racial discrimination within workplace and in this manner under the
research thematic analysis will be used so that literature can be analysed in most effective
manner. Themes are made out of information collected within literature and in this manner
overall aspects related with research topic can be covered and in similar manner research
objectives can be accomplished.
Ethics are regarded as essential part within the research as this will facilitate in dealing
with each single activity in ethical manner. There are differential principles that are required to
be followed within research which are associated with ethical aspects. Under this research the
major ethical limitation is linked with gaining confidentiality of respondents so that they can
contribute within research to the maximum level (Small and Pager, 2020).. Besides this time
management is the another limitation due to which difficulties were faced in research due to
which overall objectives could be delayed. In order to collect qualitative data this is not possible
to collect the vast information as wide scope is available so that this is not an easy process to
accumulate data in authentic and reliable manner. This is being examined that these limitations
are required to be mitigated in such a manner that in future researches appropriate insights can be
attained.
CONCLUSION
From the above mentioned information this can be concluded that qualitative research
methods are helpful for researcher to gain such insights over the research by which in-depth
information can be collected regarding research topic. With the help of qualitative research
methods researcher may get access to diversified information in order to frame research
objectives. This is being analysed that using such aspects within research, researcher may get
assistance over desired information which is helpful for them in gaining significant insights. The
above research is based on information gathered through qualitative sources as the research is
associated with analysing various dimensions within research so that by acquiring such

information research can be executed in such a way that in such that objectives can be aligned
with collected information.

REFERENCES
Books and Journal
Arnold, D., Dobbie, W. S. and Hull, P., 2020. Measuring racial discrimination in bail
decisions (No. w26999). National Bureau of Economic Research.
Brown, J., and et. al., 2019. Workplace harassment and discrimination in gynecology: results of
the AAGL member survey. Journal of minimally invasive gynecology, 26(5), pp.838-
846.
Helen, H.Y., 2020. Revisiting the Bamboo Ceiling: Perceptions From Asian Americans on
Experiencing Workplace Discrimination.
Kirkinis, K. and et. al., 2021. Racism, racial discrimination, and trauma: A systematic review of
the social science literature. Ethnicity & health, 26(3), pp.392-412.
Lee, R. T. and et. al., 2019. On the prevalence of racial discrimination in the United States. PloS
one. 14(1). p.e0210698.
Priest, N. and Williams, D. R., 2018. Racial discrimination and racial disparities in health.
Small, M. L. and Pager, D., 2020. Sociological perspectives on racial discrimination. Journal of
Economic Perspectives. 34(2). pp.49-67.
Snyder, C.R. and Schwartz, M.R., 2019. EXPERIENCES OF WORKPLACE RACIAL
DISCRIMINATION AMONG PEOPLE OF COLOR IN HEALTHCARE
PROFESSIONS. Journal of Cultural Diversity, 26(3).
Whitaker, T.R., 2019. Banging on a locked door: The persistent role of racial discrimination in
the workplace. Social work in public health, 34(1), pp.22-27.