Business Strategy for Rebook: Situational Analysis, Internal Analysis and Recommendations
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This report focuses on the business strategies implemented by Rebook to gain long-term success in business. It includes situational analysis, internal analysis, and recommendations for future strategy.
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Running head:BUSINESS STRATEGY Business strategy Name of student Name of University Author note Table of Contents
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1 BUSINESS STRATEGY Introduction......................................................................................................................................3 Vision and Mission Statements plus Corporate Objectives.............................................................4 Situational Analysis.........................................................................................................................5 Macroeconomic Analysis – environmental scanning..................................................................5 Industry and Sector Analysis.......................................................................................................8 Internal Analysis..............................................................................................................................9 Task Culture...........................................................................................................................10 Person Culture........................................................................................................................10 Role culture............................................................................................................................10 Implementation of the Marketing Strategy....................................................................................13 7Ps strategy of Rebook..............................................................................................................14 TQM...........................................................................................................................................16 Celebrity endorsements..............................................................................................................16 Performance analysis: financing of company operations..............................................................16 EPS Growth Rate:......................................................................................................................16 ROAE:........................................................................................................................................16 Credit rating:..............................................................................................................................17 Image rating:..............................................................................................................................17 Stock price:................................................................................................................................17 Balance scorecard:.....................................................................................................................17
2 BUSINESS STRATEGY Corporate Social Responsibility and Citizenship..........................................................................17 Recommendations for Future Strategy..........................................................................................18
3 BUSINESS STRATEGY Introduction The individual reflective strategy report is presented to focus on the business strategies that are implemented by Rebook to gain long-term success in business. To do so, I recommend development of new plants and machineries with the availability of enough budget for keeping the good quality of products consistent and at the same time, target the middle class market segments in areas of North America, Asia Pacific regions, Africa and Latin America regions too. It is important to check the various strategies that can be implemented for conducting the situational analysis and even analyse the internal business operations and other aspects of the company in United Kingdom (Crane and Matten 2016). It is also important to check the feasibility of various strategic decisions made and ensure that the best results are obtained within no time. The performance analysis will be done by assessing the financial measures undertaken to manage the business operations and processes while the corporate social responsibility techniques allowed for remaining socially responsible and committed to the benefits of the community (reebok.com 2018). The global athletics foot ware market should grow and achieve the target of more than $114.8 billion within the year 2022. The footwear market is quite attractive and covers a huge percent of the market share. The products of Nike are designed for people who are mainly engaged with sports and other outdoor activities. The volume of consumption of foot ware products shows significant trend within the industry and people of different ages from all over UK have considered this fashion and casual foot ware effective for the fulfillment of their needs and requirements (Pagani 2013).This market is quite competitive and so to enhance the brand name and image, Rebook has made huge investments in marketing channels to enhance the
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4 BUSINESS STRATEGY brand’s market presence and attract consumers. There are competitors as well along with environmental issue that may be generated due to the utilization of synthetic rubber and raw materials, which can be major challenges for the global foot ware market too (Iacob, Quartel and Jonkers 2012). Vision and Mission Statements plus Corporate Objectives The vision of Rebook is to provide the professional sports persons and young individuals who are engaged in sports activities with good quality shoes and accessories. The vision also stands for delivering them what they need to perform to their potential in sports. It is also the responsibility of the company to make the consumers achieve greatest heights by using the shoes delivered to them, which they previously thought were difficult to achieve (Wang and Verma 2012). The mission is to challenge and lead through innovation and creativity. It is the company’smissionto developgood qualityproductsandimplementeffectivemarketing techniques for improving the potential of the brand and challenge conventions by making people reach their potential to perform (Evaet al. 2014). The major corporate aims and objectives are: Most important corporate objective is to dominate the various foot ware market segments present in North America, Asia Pacific and Latin America. To predict the outcomes and establish a proper culture for strengthening the management team efficiency Toenhancevisibilityoftheproductsandservicesdeliveredthrougheffective advertisements and consumer retail market campaigns
5 BUSINESS STRATEGY The company’s major objective is also to enhance the quality market share and contribute to the growth in economy of UK Situational Analysis Macroeconomic Analysis – environmental scanning The macro environmental analysis means scanning the external environment by using the PESTLE analysis, analyzing the business cycle processes and evaluating the rates of exchange and locations preferred for managing the processes of manufacturing and production (Subicet al. 2012). PESTLE Political The consumption of products is good, because of which, Rebook has introduced its products in UK and also in India and China for business expansion globally. Various laws, rules and regulations are implemented for improving the business processes’ efficiency and ensure that the level of unemployment is reduced and at the same time, revenue is generated through collection of tax put on the products and services or during the import and export activities (Cheahet al.2013). The rules and regulations were followed by the company and it also managed good relations with the political bodies for improving the financial performance and create a sustainable position in the market. Economic Rebook is one of the most popular brands known for its wide range of good quality footwear products and sports products. The products are both premium and mid ranged products
6 BUSINESS STRATEGY that have been categorized for the different market segments. Rebook showed a GDP growth rate of 8 %, though with the fiscal deficiency and falling down of currency prices, the financial markets have experienced a lot of pressure (Tanwar 2013). Rebook has delivered footwear products of international brands targeted towards the middle class market segment for fulfilling their needs and requirements. Social The brand products are promoted through sports events and the young generation customers are attracted as well. Due to this, the sports foot wear brand has enhanced its brand image and name and made the customers maintain a healthy lifestyle. Employment opportunities are provided along with good quality sports shoes that can made them carry out their sports activities with ease (Mahdiet al. 2015). Technological With the technological improvements, the quality of products has improved and online marketing techniques have allowed Rebook to grow consistently by achieving growth rate of nearly 40 percent. The brand awareness among people has increased and the new technologies implemented have also resulted in continuous innovation. The new and unique products have fulfilled their demands and enabled them to remain passionate for their most favorite sports (Geurin and Burch 2016). Legal Based on the Government and local policies, Rebook has paid taxes and fulfilled the requirements for labor wages act too, based on the rules and regulations implemented by the UK
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7 BUSINESS STRATEGY Government. Abiding by the laws, rules and regulations has also helped in managing the supply of products and ensure generation of good amounts of revenue. The legal policies should be maintained for ensuring that the brand products were sold globally too (Snipes and Pitts2015). Environmental To maintain the environmental standards, Rebook has developed environment friendly product for creating lesser harmful effects on the environment. To contribute to the environment, the brand has managed safety and health standards for keeping the workplace safe and also the environment clean and healthy where people are staying (Singh 2013). Business lifecycle The business lifecycle starts from the process of manufacturing and production until the delivery of products and services to its customers. It is represented in a graph that shows the consumption level compared with the revenue generated. During the economic recession, the consumption tends to decline, which can affect the production, profit level and level of investment made. With time, the spending by consumers increase, furthermore increases the level of investment and generates high level of revenue, though there is shortage of labor. There would be more employment with the growing business opportunities, which could improve the expenditures and enhance the rate of production too (Ojo 2012). The locations where the products are manufactured include USA, UK and most the raw materials and resources are supplied locally. This has helped in maintaining athletic life styles and kept the individuals more inclined towards sports activities (Nongo and Ikyanyon 2012).
8 BUSINESS STRATEGY Industry and Sector Analysis The industry and sector analysis, on the other hand, could be done with the use of Porter’s five forces strategy, generic strategy and evaluating the different strategic groups too. Porter’s Five Forces The five forces are threats of new entrants, threats of substitute products, bargaining power of consumers and suppliers and competitive rivalry (Buble 2012). The threat of new entrants is low because of the high cost incurred while developing the brand name and image. It has helped the company to stay ahead of the competitors and remain unaffected from the new products delivered by some other companies. Due to the higher economic scale, the company has a competitive edge over its competitors and it has created more scopes for distributing the sports footwear products properly (Choi and Rifon 2012). The threat of substitute products is medium because the customers who are involved with sports activities have lesser alternatives when compared to the products offered by Rebook. The prices of products are kept lower, because of which this force has created medium effects on the organisation (Sola 2012). The bargaining power of consumers is high because with the rise in prices of footwear iems, customers might look for alternatives. The switching costs are low and the availability of substitute products have further contributed to the high bargaining power of theirs. The suppliers’ bargaining power is low, because they have been kept satisfied by fulfilling their needs and requirements and this has facilitated the processes of manufacturing and production largely (Kim, Lee and Prideaux 2014).
9 BUSINESS STRATEGY The force that affects the business functioning most is the presence of competitive rivalries. There are competitors like Nike, Adidas, etc. that have given stiff competition to the market. The force is influenced by lower growth market, aggressiveness of competitors to enter new market segments and this has prevented the organisation to gain competitive advantage and higher profit level too (Tuan 2017). The generic strategies of Porter’s are cost focus, cost leadership, differentiation focus and differentiation. The model was followed to ensure that the products and services delivered could be differentiated and the buying behaviours of consumers could be influenced. Internal Analysis As a marketing analyst, I recommend utilizing McKinsey’s 7, Johnson’s cultural web strategy, Value chain analysis,Kaplan and Norton’s Balanced Scorecard, etc. With the use of SWOT framework, I could determine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats and integrate those with the strategic matrix present in the Telescopic Observation model.To remain competitive within the diversified and changing business environment and based on the various market conditions, SWOT analysis framework is used. It has not only allowed for identifying the business strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats but also has resulted in developing various management techniques for facilitating the process of decision making with ease and effectiveness (Brammer, Jackson and Matten 2012). The Telescopic observation, on the other hand, can help to focus more on the structure and ensure that relevant amount of information and knowledge are obtained to formulate strategies and make decisions. Handy’s Organisational Culture The culture, according to the Handy’s organizational culture model, is categorized into power, task culture, person culture and role culture. Rebook has followed the role culture to
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10 BUSINESS STRATEGY make the employees contribute to the organisation largely and generate more revenue in business. Power culture For the power culture, the most important persons within the workplace are assigned with the roles and responsibilities to make decisions and the subordinates need to follow their judgments and instructions provided by the superior management individual at Rebook (Gorinet al. 2012). The staffs are not allowed to make decisions without following the rules and orders of the manager or leader of the organisation. Task Culture I n case of task culture, teams is formed for accomplishing the business goals and objectives and work in coordination, as a team. Because of the presence of multiple members within the team, they must contribute equally for brining innovativeness and accuracy in the business outcomes derived. Person Culture The person culture allows the employees to make decisions properly and at the same time understand their own roles and responsibilities to move in the right direction for business success. This is not an effective culture because the employees work for their own benefits withoutmuchfocusontheorganisation’ssuccessfulmanagementofbusinessoperations (reebok.com 2018). Role culture Rebook follows this kind of culture because the roles and responsibilities are assigned to the employees based on their skills, knowledge and expertise level. This is done for providing them convenience to do work and gain ownership of the tasks that have been assigned to them.
11 BUSINESS STRATEGY Mckinsey’s 7s strategy The various elements of Mckinsey’s 7s are strategy, structure, systems, shared values, skills, style and staffs. Strategy: The marketing strategies implemented are aligned with the telescopic observation strategic framework for utilizing the strengths of the company and gain competitive advantage in business. Structure: The hierarchical structure of the organisation is suitable for managing the various departments and ensures that all the staffs and employees perform to their potential to bring out the best from each of the departments (Wang and Verma 2012). Systems: The systems mean various activities managed by the organisation. Shared Values: The shared values and beliefs mean maintaining a good corporate culture and maintain ethics and values within the workplace, which is present at Rebook. Style: The democratic leadership style is followed to make the manager or leader obtain the opinions and responses of the employees prior to making decisions in business. Staff: Rebook manages its human resources properly by providing them enough skills through training for making them contribute to the organisation’s welfare. Skills: The skills and knowledge are improved by providing them training and developmental sessions and this allowed them to work harder (Iacob, Quartel and Jonkers 2012). SWOT analysis
12 BUSINESS STRATEGY WeaknessOpportunitiesThreats Therearemany substitutes available at lowerprices,which createdifficultiesfor the costly products of Rebook. Due to the popularity, thecompanyoften facescontroversies thatcreatesnegative brand image. There are scopes for expanding products in the kid’s section. Moresports accessoriesand lifestyleproducts must be available. Thecompanymust provide better scopes for increasing interest amongathletesand managegrowthin economy too (Evaet al. 2014). Competitionbythe global brands weaken the sales of Rebook. Thefluctuationsin currencyratesand fakeimitationsare other threats faced by the company. Adidasoftencreates threats for Rebook by divertingtheir minds fromRebookto Adidas. StrengthsStrengthsto weaknesses strategies Strengthsto opportunities strategies Strengths to threats strategies Oneofthelargest athleticfootwear companythat combinestechnology andsafetyfor Celebrity endorsementsare done by other rivalries intheathletic Due to wide network fordistribution,it wouldbeeasyto generatemoresales Rebook’spositive brand image and wide distributionnetwork couldalsobackfire
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13 BUSINESS STRATEGY ensuringhealthand fitnessofthesports persons. Theproductsare available in mid and premium ranges, thus making it suitable for everymarket segments. Celebrityand sportsperson endorsementshave enhancedthebrand image and reputation. It has a wide network of distribution. footwear industry too, whichcancreate difficultyforstaying afloatinthe competitivebusiness environment (Subicet al. 2012). andevenexpand business globally. sometimes and create controversies,which mightevendamage the reputation of the company (Cheahet al. 2013). Implementation of the Marketing Strategy As the foot ware industry is a highly competitive market, implementing the right kind of marketing strategy is essential for enhancing the brand image, name and spread awareness among the customers regarding the brand products and services delivered. The 7Ps of marketing
14 BUSINESS STRATEGY mix could be used as well for evaluating the product, price, place and promotions, people, processes and positioning (Tanwar 2013). 7Ps strategy of Rebook Product Being one of the most popular sports footwear company, Rebook’s products mainly include Reetone, ReeZig, Ree Train and other sports accessories that can make people obtain strengths through physical exercises and at the same time, flex their muscles and become agile. This allowed them to work harder and these shoes also served as effective casual sportswear that could make people walk, run and carry out exercises and other athletic activities with utmost ease (Mahdiet al. 2015). Price The prices are kept higher for the premium products whereas the price skimming strategy has been followed to penetrate new market segments and fulfill the demands of consumers. The low prices were set through without compromising on the quality for ensuring that customers could get value for money products along with the best quality services. Place It has a string brand and name in the global market and operates in United Kingdom as well as in USA, China, India, etc. To improve the retail supply chain, investments were done in the infrastructure distribution for creating a good environment and set up the stores in places that could be convenient for the customers to make purchases (Geurin and Burch 2016). With vast improvements in technology, online purchasing system has made it easy for the company to distribute products and services and sell the products through other portals as well. Promotion
15 BUSINESS STRATEGY Promotions were done through advertisements and by involving social media to enhance the brand name and image. The brand has been endorsed by popular celebrities worldwide to influence the buying behaviors of consumers who are interested in sports activities. The promotional campaigns also enabled participation of huge numbers of consumers, thereby allowing to spread their positive messages to others, furthermore keeping customers informed with the kinds of products and services delivered by Rebook, UK (Snipes and Pitts 2015). People The employees are important stakeholders in business too, whose roles are to manage the manufacturing, production and delivery of products and services to the customers. Based on their skills, knowledge and expertise level, new products’ attributes are added to enhance its quality and ensure satisfaction of the customers as a whole (Singh 2013). Process The processes include research and development activities, customer focused activities, operations and processes supported by implementation of information technology and business led processes for improving the design and architecture of the project. The processes are managed with the focus on satisfaction of the customers. Physical evidence The physical evidences included the contract agreements between staffs while managing the sales activities, process of packaging products and services, creating an online presence through involvement of social media and enhancing the experiences of customers by providing them knowledge and information about the new products and services delivered online (Ojo 2012).
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16 BUSINESS STRATEGY TQM It is often seen that the products nowadays are not of good qualities and though the styling remains same. The shoes worn out and are even sold at cheap prices during sales that do not meet the criteria for quality standards. The Total Quality Management or TQM does not only means improving the quality of products and services but to create a good environment within the workplace where people can dedicate themselves fully for the business benefits (Nongo and Ikyanyon 2012). This would also improve the ability of the organisation to deliver the best quality products and services and keep the customers satisfied. Celebrity endorsements Few poplar sports persons and celebrities including Ariana Grande, Nina Dobrev, Usain Bolt and other well known sports persons have enhanced the brand image and awareness among the customers. Performance analysis: financing of company operations The performance of an organisation is measured in terms of the amount of profit obtained by the company and financing the business operations and processes (Buble 2012). EPS Growth Rate: Earnings per share (EPS) are the ratio ascertaining growth rate of an organization.It is the financial performance measurer of an organization (Damodaran 2016). The relative growth rate of EPS during the last reporting period of 11-15 indicates good financial performance of the organization. The performance analysis of Reebok shows the increased asset investment caused due to debt, inflation and retained income. The major factors determining the EPS growth are operating and financial leverage. The analysis reveals that the EPS growth rate of our firm will
17 BUSINESS STRATEGY increase by 5% thereafter annually. It is further estimated that operating leverage contributes maximum for the positive growth rate that is conducive for sound decision-making. ROAE: Return is one of the vital factor or determinants of performance of the organization. Return on Average Equity is ascertained by dividing the net income of the organization by average stockholders’ equity (Scholes 2015).As the ROE is of 15% or more annually it shows improved productivity of Reebok in the upcoming year. We should provide consistency so that our shareholders firmly believe that our company is trying its best of gaining market shares of 15% or more. Credit rating: Credit ratings ascertain the organization financial instrument like the debt security in the form of bond. It is an assessment of borrower’s credit worthiness with respect to financial obligations or particular debt. High credit rating of an organization generally indicates the higher possibility of returning or paying back the borrowed loans without any default (Vernimmenet al. 2014). Whereas, poor credit rating indicates a speculative bond that is more likely to get default on loans. Reebok should have a higher credit rating for maximization of profit. We will further have the benefit of decreasing our overall cost for borrowing. Image rating: Reebok footwear considers the organization image rating in all geographic regions and expects to achieve an image rating of 70 or higher. Therefore, we plan to monitor closely the branded S/Q ratings in every geographic region and the organizations market shares for both private and branded label footwear show corporate citizenship that relates to complete image
18 BUSINESS STRATEGY rating.Our firmshouldtakeintoconsiderationtherequirementstomeetor exceedthe expectations of investors of 70 or higher. Stock price: The stock price for the Reebok footwear industry is to achieve the profits averaging 7% annually in the year 15 and thereafter 5% annually. Our organization believes that the stock price gains are within reach and if we exceed or meet the annual targets of EPS and therefore pay the increasing dividends to shareholders. Therefore we plan for exceeding the industry average by providing at least 190% increase in stock prices. In the year 10 the organization stock price is averaged at $30 per share. Balance scorecard: The balance scorecard is a strategic tool for performance management that is used by our firm to keep the track records of the execution of activities. The consequences of the actions are further monitored and controlled by our organizational staffs. The strategic agenda of our firm is focused through balance scorecard (Ehrhardt and Brigham 2016). Corporate Social Responsibility and Citizenship Corporate social responsibilities are managed by integrating the social and environmental aspectswiththebusinessoperationsandprocessesformanagingtherelationshipswith stakeholders and ensure successful functioning and at the same time, contributing to the benefits of the community and its people living there. Rebook utilized various codes of conduct on managing thelabour standards and manage supply chains properly. By maintaining the human and kabour rights policies, it became easy for managing the supply chain and at the same time, reduce the costs and improve the process of production (Choi and Rifon 2012). Rebook made
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19 BUSINESS STRATEGY sure that business partners avoid discrimination within workplace and provide wages benefits and training opportunities to people equally. Child labour is prevented and the company has strived to excellence by creating good environment for ensuring a healthy and safe workplace for making employees perform to their potential. Recommendations for Future Strategy Change management –The change management strategy is recommended for sustaining in the future and ensure that the changes done can bring certain improvements and positive business outcomes. One of the biggest change management strategies is the merging of the two companies including Reebok and Adidas. Rebook was facing fraud issues and it was recommended to bring these two companies together and ensured regaining its best position. Tight control on the corporate governance is also recommended to bring changes and plan for approaches to succeed in the competitive business environment in the future (Kim, Lee and Prideaux 2014). It is also recommended to create more online presence and make products available on various online shopping portals for easy access by customers. Organisational culture -Reebok followed person culture where tasks were assigned according to the level of skills and qualification possessed by the individuals.The task culture should be considered as effective and there should be changes for managing the project according to plans and keep substantial amounts of resources, both human and financial resources (Tuan 2017). It is recommended for Rebook to manage this culture to creating a safe working environment and drive the performance of the organisation largely too. CSR and Citizenship –Rebook is recommended to work according to the corporate codes of conduct for providing fair wages and ensures that every employee are paid equally, without
20 BUSINESS STRATEGY considering their race, color, religion or ethnicity. Child labour should be prevented by making sure that only individuals above the age of 18 should be employed at the workplace.To provide benefits to people within the community and fulfill the responsibilities of the citizens by creating employment opportunities for them could also be an effective strategy for managing changes at Rebook (Brammer, Jackson and Matten 2012).
21 BUSINESS STRATEGY References Brammer, S., Jackson, G. and Matten, D., 2012. Corporate social responsibility and institutional theory: New perspectives on private governance.Socio-economic review,10(1), pp.3-28. Buble, M., 2012. Interdependence of organizational culture and leadership styles in large firms.Management: Journal of Contemporary Management Issues,17(2), pp.85-97. Cheah, L., Ciceri, N.D., Olivetti, E., Matsumura, S., Forterre, D., Roth, R. and Kirchain, R., 2013. Manufacturing-focused emissions reductions in footwear production.Journal of cleaner production,44, pp.18-29. Choi, S.M. and Rifon, N.J., 2012. It is a match: The impact of congruence between celebrity image and consumer ideal self on endorsement effectiveness.Psychology & Marketing,29(9), pp.639-650. Crane,A.andMatten,D.,2016.Businessethics:Managingcorporatecitizenshipand sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press. Damodaran, A., 2016.Damodaran on valuation: security analysis for investment and corporate finance(Vol. 324). John Wiley & Sons. Ehrhardt, M.C. and Brigham, E.F., 2016.Corporate finance: A focused approach. Cengage learning. Eva, M., Hindle, K., Paul, D., Rollaston, C. and Tudor, D., 2014. Business analysis. BCS. Geurin, A.N. and Burch, L.M., 2016. User-generated branding via social media: An examination of six running brands.Sport Management Review.
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22 BUSINESS STRATEGY Gorin, T., Walczak, D., Bartke, P. and Friedemann, M., 2012. Incorporating cancel and rebook behaviorinrevenuemanagementoptimization.JournalofRevenueandPricing Management,11(6), pp.645-660. Iacob, M.E., Quartel, D. and Jonkers, H., 2012, September. Capturing business strategy and value in enterprise architecture to support portfolio valuation. InEnterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference (EDOC), 2012 IEEE 16th International(pp. 11-20). IEEE. Kim, S.S., Lee, J. and Prideaux, B., 2014. Effect of celebrity endorsement on tourists’ perception ofcorporateimage,corporatecredibilityandcorporateloyalty.InternationalJournalof Hospitality Management,37, pp.131-145. Mahdi, A., Abbas, M., Mazar, T.I. and George, S., 2015. A comparative analysis of strategies and business models of Nike, Inc. and Adidas Group with special reference to competitive advantage in the context of a dynamic and competitive environment.International Journal of Business Management and Economic Research,6(3), pp.167-177. Nongo, E.S. and Ikyanyon, D.N., 2012. The influence of corporate culture on employee commitment to the organization.International Journal of Business and Management,7(22), p.21. Ojo, O., 2012. Influence of organizational culture on employee work behavior.International Journal of Contemporary Business Studies,3(11), pp.46-57. Pagani, M., 2013. Digital business strategy and value creation: Framing the dynamic cycle of control points.Mis Quarterly,37(2).
23 BUSINESS STRATEGY reebok.com.(2018).ReebokOnlineStore|Reebok®UK.[online]Availableat: https://www.reebok.com [Accessed 3 Jan. 2018]. Scholes, M.S., 2015.Taxes and business strategy. Prentice Hall. Singh, A., 2013. A study of role of McKinsey's 7S framework in achieving organizational excellence.Organization Development Journal,31(3), p.39. Snipes, R.L. and Pitts, J., 2015. Running with the Big Dogs (Part A): A Competitive Forces and StrategicAnalysisoftheRunningSpecialtyStoreIndustry.JournaloftheInternational Academy for Case Studies,21(3), p.37. Sola,A.,2012.Theimpactofcelebrityendorsementonstrategicbrand management.International journal of business and social science,3(6). Subic, A., Shabani, B., Hedayati, M. and Crossin, E., 2012. Capability framework for sustainable manufacturing of sports apparel and footwear.Sustainability,4(9), pp.2127-2145. Tanwar,R.,2013.Porter’sgenericcompetitivestrategies.JournalofBusinessand Management,15(1), pp.11-17. Tuan, L.T., 2017. Activating tourists' citizenship behavior for the environment: the roles of CSR and frontline employees'citizenshipbehavior for the environment.Journal of Sustainable Tourism, pp.1-26. Vernimmen, P., Quiry, P., Dallocchio, M., Le Fur, Y. and Salvi, A., 2014.Corporate finance: theory and practice. John Wiley & Sons.
24 BUSINESS STRATEGY Wang, J. and Verma, A., 2012. Explaining organizational responsiveness to work‐life balance issues: The role of business strategy and high‐performance work systems.Human Resource Management,51(3), pp.407-432.