Health and Safety in the Workplace

The provided assignment delves into the critical topic of health and safety in the workplace. It encompasses a range of subjects, from government's role in ensuring worker well-being to economic evaluations of occupational health programs. The document also examines the influence of substance use on workplace accidents, the impact of nature-based strategies on urban health, and the significance of involving service users in research related to health and social care. Moreover, it discusses legal frameworks governing work safety, interprofessional teamwork in healthcare, and values-based approaches to health and social care.

UNDER SPECIFIC
NEEDS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Discuss concepts of health, disability, and illness and behaviour of health and social care.3
1.2 Explain how perceptions about specific needs have changed...............................................3
1.3 Evaluate impact of past and present legislations, social policies, society and culture..........4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
2.1 Explain the different care needs of individuals.....................................................................5
2.2 Discuss current systems for supporting individuals at health and social care centre............5
2.3 Assess the services available in a locality for individuals with specific needs.....................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
3.1 Discuss approaches and interventions available to support individuals with specific needs.
.....................................................................................................................................................7
3.2 Analyse the effectiveness of intervention strategies used for service user with specific
needs............................................................................................................................................8
3.3 Evaluate the potential impact of emerging developments on support for individuals..........8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9
4.1 Discuss the different concepts of challenging behaviour......................................................9
4.2 Explain the potential impact of challenging behaviour on health and social care
organisations...............................................................................................................................9
4.3 Evaluate strategies for working with challenging behaviours associated with specific
needs..........................................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Under specific needs work as tonic for the individuals suffering from disability as it is
used in health and social care centres to describe people who require assistance for disabilities
which can be psychological, mental and medical. Further, this report analyses case scenarios of
health and social care who require attention of understanding specific needs. Besides, in this
report, the health care assistant will evaluate the impact of legal framework, social policies,
society and culture on the services offered by Heath care centres. Henceforth, the report will also
focus on impact of emerging developments on individuals and challenging behaviour on health
and social care firms (Kane and Kane 2013)
TASK 1
1.1 Discuss concepts of health, disability, and illness and behaviour of health and social care.
The under specific needs of health care centres keeps on changing due to revolution and
emerging development. Health care assistant of social care centres believes that macro factors of
environment affects the functioning of micro factors within the health care centre. Further, it is
very important for assistant manager to understand the concepts of health like, disability, illness
and behaviour of heath care centres.
Disability- It is partial or total dysfunction of body in which the body parts of individuals
do not function or react to any kind of situation. Moreover, there are so many people suffering
from many kinds of disabilities and cannot even recover. In contrary, people accept and live with
disabilities happily ever after. Henceforth, from past many years a development has been seen in
the society towards treating disabled people (McCarthy and Rose 2010).
Illness- The illness concept is completely different from disability as it varies from
person to person and it is based on perception and emotions of individuals. Health care assistant
identified that illness is a manner in which a person controls its bodies like by taking remedial
action, interpret their symptoms or use health care system to deal with illness (Kondo, South and
Branas 2015).
Peter who was taken care by assistant manager of health and social care centre was
suffering from mental illness which is Bi polar affective disorder but still the person was very
active and used to practice swimming every day.

1.2 Explain how perceptions about specific needs have changed.
Perception about under specific needs keeps on changing with the centuries and
development. Like, during the 18's and 19's centuries society used to think that disabled people
are unable to carry on the regular function and so they burden on families and were treated as
non-living things but with development and upcoming era, the point of view of society has
changed. Besides, the handicapped also do not let their disability harm their livelihood and living
standard (Karjalainen, Blencowe and Lillsunde, 2012).
However, the people suffering from bipolar disorder turn to be very lazy at times but
peter was very active and did not believe in rest. Further the person also continued its regular
activities like going to theatre group swimming etc. Peter was 42-year-old but did not want to be
dependent on anyone that is why he used to continue his every day activity which involves the
physical and mental attention. Moreover, the cerebral palsy has affected his hearing and use of
lower limbs but still he is very active and jolly kind of person.
Hence, the continuous development in technology provides the individual equipment to
manage their disability and to stand out with the society. Further, the case of Peter enhances the
thinking of individual towards Disability and illness as these are now in the minds but in reality,
the perception of society is changed because the disease cannot stop the regular lives in which
the humans have to cope up to manage and earn their livelihood (Martin, Lippitt, and Prothero,
2013).
1.3 Evaluate impact of past and present legislations, social policies, society and culture
There are many legislations which impact social policies, society and culture of health
and social care centres. The legal frame work of the country ensure that health care centres are
carrying its activities according to under specific needs of individuals. The legal frame work by
government of a country is also to ensure that the NHS are functioning properly in order to
maintain the health and safety environment for its patients and employees.
Social policies are also responsible for enhancing that the individuals are served properly
according to them under specific needs.
It is mandatory for every institution to follow the legal framework which involves various
health and safety rights of people related with it which are as follows:
The Equality Act 2006
The Disability Discrimination Act 1995

These laws by the government is to ensure the stability in educational institution which
provides equal educational opportunities to individuals. Further, the children are protected
against the discrimination because of disability ore ion any base like, caste, religion, race, sex
etc. Besides. In NHS this legislation are important to follow to maintain the healthy environment
for patients and staff members.
Hence, the legislation is made by government to support the individual who needs proper
attention and care. The UK government has also made Direct payment act, government proved
the money too individual who are old and cannot pay for their medical treatment and are unable
earn their basic livelihood.
TASK 2
2.1 Explain the different care needs of individuals
The people suffering from any kind of disease needs extra care and attention. It is
important for the health care centre to design programs and policies which filfils the under
specific needs of patients. Moreover, targeted response is needed to ensure protection of
individuals needs and vulnerabilities. Nilam who is suffering from Hypothyroid and depression
because of engaged schedule as she has to take care of his 60 years old husband Anis who is
suffering from Brain haemorrhage from his late 40's and needs extra care and attention and also
Nilam is also responsible for studies and routine of her daughter Nafis. Her daughter also tries to
manage the needs of her parents but still she finds it difficult to manage all this with her studies
so the family need extra care which are as follows:
The family already adopted basic services like, workers come to help Nilam in basic
house cleaning and cooking, and to help them in bathing two times a week but still the family
needs much more care and attention. Nilam should first look after health in order to manage
whole family that is why she need to Yoga on regular basis which will help to maintain its hypo
thyroid also the family should focus in meditation which will them improving depression and
curing Brain haemorrhage not completely but partially. Moreover, the family should hire fill
time nurse to look after her husband so that she can concentrate on her depression situation and
will help her in managing her time with Nafis.
2.2 Discuss current systems for supporting individuals at health and social care centre
To support the Nilam family NHS provides them the facilities which will ensure their
health and safety by providing them support system by understanding the problem and

communicating the best solution to the problem. Besides, Anis is recovering from his partial
speech impairment and for this professional are seriously focusing on his vocals, the company
provides regular check and assistant (R, Bluff, Clayton 2012).
The most important reason for providing best care services by NHS to Anis and Nilam is
that the staff health care centre will never regard the challenging behaviours of patients as
challenge, but will work to provide comfortable lifestyle by maintaining the healthy environment
of the firm and by taking care of them all the time. The current supporting system of NHS in case
of Nilam and family is focusing on factors like:
Counselling:The counselling services provided by the firm is to understand specific
needs of individual for encouraging them and to increase their confidence level which will give
them power to deal with depression.
Personal development program: National health care services provides patients with
specific needs and advanced facilities and services to bring them to a good condition to adjust
with society in normal manner.
2.3 Assess the services available in a locality for individuals with specific needs
In the society, people suffering from any physical or mental illness are isolated from the
community. Besides, the individuals even face difficulty in dealing with their regular day to day
activities. The services of NHS are or locality of Nilam family are designed in a manner that the
individual suffering from diseases should be treated as normal person.
The services which are provided to patients is audited by NHS after every six months.
Further, the heath care centre focuses on training and development of its staff members on
quarterly basis and also the employees are trained to manage and control the advanced
technology. The firm also focuses on proper treatment of patients and their health and safety
environment (Bowen, Privitera and Bowie, 2011).
NHS also provides assistance and guidance to the individuals like Nilam and family
because the family is suffering from problems like learning, mental and need to motivated.
Hence, the health care centre provides necessary help to them by social care practitioners from
NHS, further this system of also proved helpful for Nilam for under specific needs of the family.
The centre even made 24 hours nurse available to the family at their home in order to deal with
emergency and uncertainty.

TASK 3
3.1 Discuss approaches and interventions available to support individuals with specific needs.
Talking about Bourne wood case, there was a couple Mr and Mrs. E who fought for
human rights in European court for autistic man Mr. HL for whom they are carers. One day
when HL did not return home they were worried and then got to know that he was informally
admitted in the hospital for mental disorder. Mr. and Mrs. E were not even allowed to meet HL
hospital claimed that he was admitted under Mental Heath act 1983 which is simply for the
interests of HL. When the couple realized that the hospital is not going to allow him to live with
them than they went to high court after which manager of released Mr. HL. Further, When he
came home he was half starved with scabs on his face, so the couple went to European court and
fought for Human rights. The approaches available to individual by court for supports is Human
rights acts 1998 which consist of articles which are as follows:
 Right to life
 Freedom from torture and inhuman or degrading treatment
 Freedom from slavery and forced labour
 Right to liberty and security
 Right to a fair trial
 No punishment without law
 Respect for your private and family life, home and correspondence
 Freedom of thought, belief and religion
 Freedom of expression
 Freedom of assembly and association
 Right to marry and start a family
 Protection from discrimination in respect of these rights and freedoms
 Right to peaceful enjoyment of your property
 Right to education
 Right to participate in free elections

 Abolition of the death penalty
3.2 Analyse the effectiveness of intervention strategies used for service user with specific needs
 Service based interventions also helps the autistic individual as it provides educational
services, employment services and social care services to the individuals (Hughes and
Ferrett, 2011).
 Intervention strategies like motor and sensory which helps in bringing back the senses of
autistic patients,
 Standard health services like psychotherapy, speech and language therapy helped the
person in developing interaction with other people.
 The family and health care organisation of autistic individual should try complementary
and alternative medicines for effective treatment of patient.
 Behavioural and developmental interventions which are designed to encourage the
individual for appropriate behaviour and also is effective in developing communication
and interaction skills of autistic individual. The health care centre adopt this technique by
slowly engaging people in logical reasoning and symbolic thinking.
 Psychological interventions which consist of research studies, evaluations and
descriptions. Besides, it differs from person to person and is developmental approach.
 Medications intervention it is basically the prescribed medicines by the particular Doctor
of autistic patient. Consumption of prescribed medicines is mandatory for individuals.
 Bio medical interventions these are alternative medicines given to patient with the
treatment like drugs given for nutritional deficiencies, detoxification, immune
dysfunctions, gastrointestinal abnormalities and general imbalances etc.
 Assistive and adaptive technology intervention which involves use of effective
equipments.
 Augmentative and alternative communication helps the people who are unwilling or
unable to communicate because of speech impairment.
3.3 Evaluate the potential impact of emerging developments on support for individuals
In developing era, social norms for individuals benefits individual with under specific
needs. This societal changes are creating awareness among heath care centres for which
organisation should work on their facts and situations. Further, there are so many technological
development which supports the under specific needs of individuals and are emerging to

establish stability and well being in the society. The advanced equipments of medical industry is
impacting the services of heath and social care centres like:
 The person suffering from mental physical disorder are benefited by emergence of
development.
 Further, the involvement of society will benefit the large group of society.
 Emerging development will emphasis on employment opportunity which will further
fulfil the under specific needs.
TASK 4
4.1 Discuss the different concepts of challenging behaviour.
The health care centre has to deal with many kinds of aggressive behaviour like spitting,
pinching, kicking, screaming etc. challenging behaviours like, self injurious behaviour which bis
biting, hitting, head butting scratching and many more, stereotyped behaviours like echolalia,
repetitive rocking. Besides, Mr JC was suffering from aggressive behaviours and that is why was
isolated from the society and lived at day care to reduce isolation. But his behaviour was turning
more aggressive day by day with other members and workers of day care. So the manager
decided to organise a meeting of Mr JC with social worker and he became angry while the
meeting was going on.
The challenging behaviour is a kind of disorder in which individual reacts without
thinking, it is expressive concept. Mr JC was isolated from the society because he never talked
properly with anyone. Besides, in day care also he abuses the staff members and is very
particular about chairs and foods which becomes challenging for day care employees as they can
not even reply badly to patients and have to deal with their aggressive behaviour (Guzman and
et.al., 2015).
The day care services focuses on building employee's tolerance power as they can come
across any type of aggressive behaviour. Manager tries to manage the situation between patients
and employees as it is sometimes annoying to deal with aggression.
4.2 Explain the potential impact of challenging behaviour on health and social care organisations
This kind of challenging and aggressive behaviours sometimes create hindrance for
health care centres as it becomes difficult for organisations to adjust and cope up with the
situations. The potential impacts of challenging behaviour on NHS are as follows:
 These kinds of behaviours forces the organisations confuse them about their job.

 The staff of health department mat faces' problem in dealing with these kinds of
behaviours of patients.
 Even the workers feel demotivated while handling patients with such behaviours.
 Further, these type of situations in National health care services puts another person at
risk such as life, or major danger.
Hence, the behaviour of Mr. JC was hard to handle and was problematic as sometimes he
used to abuse and say absolutely bad words which were not accepted by staff members but still
they used to stay calm. It was very difficult for employees to work in this type of situations and
to handle such abusive behaviour as they were scared.
4.3 Evaluate strategies for working with challenging behaviours associated with specific needs
According to medical researchers of NHS, challenging behaviours can be resolved by
handling such patients with extra care and love. Employee should understand the problem behind
such behaviour, if the individual is able to finding out the roots behind aggression than it
becomes easy for worker to handle patients like Mr. JC.
When dealing with challenging behaviour patients, the nurse should focus on giving only
the prescribed doctor. Handling mentally disordered patients needs responsibility and
commitment. The nurse of particular patient should check that the person is taking regular
clinical assessment, doing exercises and should be taken into environment which happily
accepted by patients.
Further, NHS focuses on maintaining financial facilities and medical insurance of both
the patient and the employee who is handling the victims. Besides with the increasing mentally
challenged people, the requirement of occupational therapist in also increasing in NHS.
However, the health and social care centres are focusing on recruiting qualified therapist with
skills to handle types of challenging behaviour (Frieden, 2013). Hence, different policies and
procedures are adopted by organisations to fulfil the necessities related to patients needs and
wants.
CONCLUSION
The report summarized, 4 types of case studies of patients dealing with different diseases
and how the health care centres are helping individuals to overcome their disability. Further, the
report analysed different situation faced by NHS to deal with challenging behaviour of people
suffering from mental disorder. Moreover, it evaluated the different care and n needs offered by

health care centres to patients in order to give them healthy and safe environment. Hence, the
report concluded that the employees of day care and NHS should handle patients with extra love
and care.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Bowen, B., Privitera, R. M. and Bowie, V., 2011. Reducing workplace violence by creating
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and Safety. Exposure Assessment and Safety Considerations for Working with
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Frieden, T.R., 2013. Government's role in protecting health and safety. New England Journal of
Medicine, 368(20), pp.1857-1859.
Guzman, J. and et.al., 2015. Economic evaluation of occupational health and safety programmes
in health care. Occupational medicine, 65(7), pp.590-597.
Haas, E.J. and Yorio, P., 2016. Exploring the state of health and safety management system
Hughes, P. and Ferrett, E., 2011. Introduction to health and safety at work. Routledge.
Johnstone,
Kane, R. A. and Kane, R. L., 2013. Long-term care: Principles, programs, and policies. Springer
Publishing Company.
Karjalainen, K., Blencowe, T. and Lillsunde, P., 2012. Substance use and social, health and
safety-related factors among fatally injured drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 45,
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Kondo, M.C., South, E.C. and Branas, C.C., 2015. Nature-based strategies for improving urban
health and safety. Journal of Urban Health, 92(5), pp.800-814.
Lowes, L. and Hulatt, I., 2013. Involving service users in health and social care research.
Routledge.
Martin, W.F., Lippitt, J.M. and Prothero, T.G., 2013. Hazardous waste handbook for health and
safety. Butterworth-Heinemann.
McCarthy, J. and Rose, P., 2010. Values-Based Health & Social Care: Beyond Evidence-Based
Practice. SAGE.

McKitterick, B., 2012. Recruiting, retaining and making the best use of social workers in adult social
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Routledge.
R., Bluff, E. and Clayton, A., 2012. Work Health and Safety Law and Policy. Thomson Reuters.
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Online
Bournewood Case 2016. [ONLINE]. Available
through<https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/what-are-human-rights/human-rights-
stories/bournewood-case>. [Accessed on 28th July 2017]