PHIL 161 - Report on Moral Universalism
Added on 2020-03-13
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Moral Universalism1
Executive Summary“Nationality is a good thing to a certain extent, but universality is better. All, that is best inthe great poets of all countries is not what is national in them, but what is universal. Theirroots are in their native soil but their branches wave in the air free from boundaries. It speaksthe same language to all men and their leaves shine with the illimitable light that pervades alllands. Let us throw all the windows open; let us admit the light and air on all sides; that wemay look towards the four corners of the heavens, and not always in the same direction.”Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, KavanaghAs rightly pointed out by Henry Longfellow, the idea of universalism is acceptance. To allowa free flow of ideas, inventions, culture, people etc. Also, to not to restrict rather let everyoneparticipate.This report is an attempt to discuss the concept of Moral Universalism. It would be alsodiscussing differences with Moral Relativism and its connection with Moral Absolutism.Besides, the report shall attempt to examine how in today’s world of globalism, a manager issupposed to conduct his/her duties while maintaining values of moral universalism as part ofhis/her social responsibility. The report would also inspect how in today’s world, a manageris supposed to conduct their social responsibilities while maintaining managerial ethics. 2
1.IntroductionUniversalism is an idea of the existence of something which cannot be bound by anyboundaries which could be ethnicity, race, religion, gender, location etc. A universalist seesthe universe as one and for everyone in it without any kind of division. The important point tobe noted here is that every individual could be a universalist. This means that each could haveseparate ideologies for universalism! Moral Universalism is, however, a philosophicalapproach or idea. It says that morally, all people across the universe should follow a set ofethics or moral code of conduct ignoring their race, religion, culture, sex, nationality or anyfactor that could be thought of as a distinguishing factor. (Vauclair et al. 2014, p.58).Universal ethics could be explained as a valuable system fostering values that apply tohumanity in general transcending personal barriers and cultural paradigms. This was a systemthat originated from human thinking but could be attributed to reasons such as universalcauses, existing ethical code/s, necessities of religion etc. There are some criticisms attributedto this approach which is – who decides the morals in this case and how does one come toknow which ones are the moral codes. To even consider a moral as universal, the foundationshould be an absolute source, understanding or power. All of these, are unquestioning; almostunreasonable as well as impossible to exist (Renteln, 2013). Also, culturally the world is sodiverse that bringing them universally under one umbrella is a humongous task consideringthe huge diversity of all moral opinions within societies in the present age. All of this is quitedifficult to achieve even in today’s modern age.The report presents moral universalism as a concept and how it affects the nature of socialresponsibilities of an MNE manager handling people with diverse ethnic backgrounds at aworkplace. Also, it explains moral universalism as a concept different to the concept of moralrelativism and how it is also connected with moral absolutism. Majorly, it sheds light onPeter Drucker’s concept of social responsibilities and managerial ethics in the backdrop of4
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