Report on Smoking Statistics of UK

Running head: HEALTH AND WELLBEING
Health and Wellbeing
Name of the Student
Name of the University
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1HEALTH AND WELLBEING
Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................2
Smoking prevention: Health priority.........................................................................................2
Smoking: Bad health effects......................................................................................................3
Smoking: Affect across generation............................................................................................4
12-18 years.............................................................................................................................4
18-30 years.............................................................................................................................4
60+ years................................................................................................................................5
Recommendation for health and wellbeing................................................................................5
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................7
References..................................................................................................................................8
Appendix..................................................................................................................................13

2HEALTH AND WELLBEING
Introduction
Smoking is defined by the healthcare professionals as psychological addiction with
extreme adverse health consequences (Shiffman, et al.,2014). According to the UK, National
Health Statistics (2016), there are nearly 474 reported cases of smoking related hospital
admission. National Health Service also reported that in 2015, there are 79 thousand deaths in
UK that is attributable to smoking. Thus prevalence of smoking is health priority and needs to
curb at earliest. The following report aims to highlight the smoking statistics of UK, health
complications associated with smoking and what the government of UK is doing to reduce
the rate of smoking. At the end, the report sums up with an innovative recommendation that
can be employed to reduce the rate of smoking.
Smoking prevention: Health priority
Smoking prevention is on health priority because according to the Office of National
Statistics, UK (2016) more than 7.6 million of the adult population residing in UK are active
smokers and the estimated amount scores around 15.5% of the total population. This increase
in the smoking tendency has a serious health threat against the population. According to the
Centre of Disease Control (CDC), cigarette smoking negatively impacts almost every organ
of the body. The most common health threat of smoking is lung cancer. According to the
UK’s National Health Statistics, in UK, 80% of the reported lung cancer cases in UK results
out of cigarette smoking. Apart from lung cancer, smoking also increases the tendency of
developing blood cancer, cancer of oesophagus, kidney, liver, stomach, pancreas and oral
carcinoma(Cooper & Marshall 2013). Smoking also has negative health impact among the
passive smokers. According to Dinas, Koutedakis & Flouris, (2013) smoking is suspected to
cause 8 million of death worldwide by the end of 2030.

3HEALTH AND WELLBEING
Smoking: Bad health effects
Lung cancer is the leading cause of death among the smokers (Sundar, Yao &
Rahman, 2013). Regular smoking habits of adults are associated with the development of
obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (Chang, 2012). Tobacco smoking induce platelet
aggression and this the lead cause behind the high rate of occurrence of cardiac complications
among the regular smokers (Barua & Ambrose 2013). Moreover, increase in the tendency of
smoking among the female is also associated with the development of breast cancer (Dossus
et al., 2014). Based on the recent evidences, smoking related deaths is going to increase
exponentially if the tendency of smoking is not restricted among the population (Carter et al.,
2015). Passive smoking or second hand smoke also cast serious health problems. The intake
of the passive smoke increases threat of cardiovascular complication (Mozaffarian at al.,
2016). Other common complications include breathing problem like coughing, wheezing,
shortness of breath and formation of extra phlegm (Hudson, 2012). Second hand smoking is
also a leading cause of asthmatic attacks both among the active and passive smokers (Burke
et al., 2012). The pregnant mother who are expose to second hand smoke endanger the health
status of their foetus(Marinho Custovic, Marsden, Smith & Simpson,2012). Children who are
exposed to second hand smoke develop mental health complications and experience
developmental difficulties(Stein et al., 2014). According to the WHO, there is no safe lower
limit of smoking among the pregnant women. However, at least 20% of pregnant women in
European countries continue with their smoking habits even after they conceive (Lanting, van
Wouwe, van den Burg, Segaar & van der Pal-de Bruin,2012). Smoking during any trimester
of pregnancy may lead to abrupt abortion and preterm delivery. It also results in low birth
weight (Varner et al., 2014; Ko et al.. 2014).