Research and Evidence in Science: Effect of CBT in Tinnitus
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Added on 2020-02-18
Research and Evidence in Science: Effect of CBT in Tinnitus
Added on 2020-02-18
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Running head: RESEARCH AND EVIDENCE IN SCIENCEResearch and evidence in scienceName of the StudentName of the UniversityAuthor note
1RESEARCH AND EVIDENCE IN SCIENCEThe aim of the study was to examine and investigate the effects of meditation andcognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in tinnitus suffers [ CITATION Sad08 \l 1033 ].The nature of the study is wait list control group where there is group of participantsthose are included in the outcome study assigned in waiting list and gives intervention tothe active group undergoing treatment. In this study, patients were selected from thetinnitus clinic in the Welsh Hearing Institute where twenty-five chronic tinnitus sufferersreceived CBT or meditation with four hour one sessions and the waiting group receivedafter three months in the same way. There were three hypothesis proposed for the study.In the study, they hypothesized that recruitment of skeletal muscle units, physical activityis controlled by pacing strategy within the CNS from psychological and physiologicalsystems based on feedback. The first hypothesis was done regarding the nature and extent of disorder alongwith complaint behaviour. Apart from psychosocial factors like emotional states,behavioural dispositions and psychosocial factors, cognitive processes also have an effecton the performance, physical function and exhaustion. It was also hypothesized that thetwo groups would show improvement after the meditation or CBT intervention based oncontrol or active group. The treatment philosophy selected for the paper is Engel’sbiophychosocial approach that takes into account the personality, genetic vulnerability,stress, behaviour, economy and supportive relationships. Based on this approach, it washypothesized that there are a large number of psychosocial stressors that are associatedwith the onset or progression of tinnitus in the study. The method used for the study was waiting list control design. Twenty-five consecutivepatients suffering from tinnitus were selected who would benefit from CBT or meditation
2RESEARCH AND EVIDENCE IN SCIENCEfrom Welsh Hearing Institute in Cardiff was invited for trail participation. Those patientswho did not want reassurance or had treatable cause like otitis media were excluded fromthe study. The patients were selected who attended the clinic for the first time and feltthat audiological or psychological management approach entered the study. The firstgroup was treated with the intervention considered as active group with consultation fromaudiological physician. The second group is the control group who waited for threemonths for the treatment and therefore acted as control group. The active group consistedof those patients who were assessed for tinnitus at the time of consultation for the firsttime and after treatment whereas control or group two with a three month waiting prior tostarting of treatment. Statistical comparisons was done where patients were given questionnaire at thefour to six month trial to rate their tinnitus in comparison to the post-treatment. Thehospital anxiety depression score was also measured pre-therapy and after the treatment.Six measures assessed the tinnitus aspects that included perceived severity as well astinnitus impact on their mood and life. The measures taken were the Hallam tinnitusquestionnaire that measured the subjective severity, hospital anxiety and depression scaleto measure depression and anxiety in physically ill patients and Tinnitus visual analoguescale (VAS) to measure the overall tinnitus effect on the life of the patient at present. Thesatisfaction life scale was used to assess the patient’s views and perceptions while livingwith tinnitus, Tinnitus triggers questionnaire to know about the stressors associated withtheir tinnitus condition during onset or exacerbation of tinnitus. A questionnaire was alsosent to the patients during the four to six month intervention month to receive feedback ohow they felt after the treatment and provide comparison with options, ‘better’, ‘worse’
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