Impact of Training on Employee Performance in Retail Sector: A Study on Morrison's

This study aims to assess the impact of training sessions on employee performance within the retail sector, focusing on Morrison's. It explores the significance of training, different training methods, and the extent to which training improves employee performance. The study also recommends suitable training strategies for Morrison's.

Research
Methodologies

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................4
Background..................................................................................................................................4
Research aim and objectives........................................................................................................5
Research questions.......................................................................................................................5
Rationale......................................................................................................................................5
Significance.................................................................................................................................6
CHAPTER 2- LITERATURE REVIEW.........................................................................................7
CHAPTER 2: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...........................................................................14
Research type.............................................................................................................................14
Research approach.....................................................................................................................14
Research philosophy..................................................................................................................16
Data collection...........................................................................................................................17
Sampling....................................................................................................................................17
CHAPTER 3: DATA ANALYSIS................................................................................................18
CHAPTER 4: ETHICAL CONSIDERATION.............................................................................19
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................20

Topic: To assess the impact of training session on employee performance within retail sector:
A study on Morrison's
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Background
Training is the process of developing knowledge by educating chosen employees so that
they could clear understanding relating to their job and also the skills to manage any kind of
uncertainty in the future. In other terms it is an act of enhancing ability of workers or employees
for performing the task within the work environment. It is depicted as the short run process using
an organized or systematic process through which non-managerial personnel in the firm learns
technical work and knowledge for the definite objective. It is indicated as the only practice
through which ability, aptitudes and skills of the work force for performing the particular job is
enhanced or increased. It plays a vital role in improving the performance of employees as
efficient and skilled workers increases the quantity and improves the quality of an output. This in
turn reduces wastage and learning time with that of the resultant productivity and also ensures
optimum utilization of resources within an enterprise.
The current investigation is based on Morrison’s, operating as a largest super market in
UK and headquartered in Bradford, England. Furthermore, the study highlights a critical review
relating to the effect of training on employee’s performance. Moreover, the report presents aims
and objectives based on which the review is been made and stated different types of the
methodology that an investigator would be adopting while conducting the study in order to make
the study more valid and reliable.

Research aim and objectives
Aim
The aim of the current study is to ascertain the impact of training session on the
performance of ASDA’s personnel.
Objectives: Referring above aim following objectives have been drafted:
 To develop understanding about training and its significance within business unit.
 To identify different training methods in the context of UK retail sector.
 To assess the extent to which training session helps in enhancing performance level of
ASDA’s employees.
 To recommend suitable training strategies to ASDA that contributes n employee
performance.
Research questions
Q.1 What are the different training methods used within UK retail industry?
Q.2 What is the extent to which training session impact performance of ASDA’s employees?
Rationale
The reason behind preparing this report is to assess an influence of training on the
performance level of workers. This has been seen as the major issue that is faced by most of the
organizations as without training; company cannot improve or increase its productivity.

Therefore, it is important to study the degree to which training has a direct or great influence on
the performance of employees or the workers within an entity. Thus, this problem is found as the
major aspect for all the companies and it is important to study or assess this problem in an
effective way.
Significance
This report would help the retail sector companies in developing a better understanding
relating to an effect of training session on the working and performance of employees effectively
and efficiently. It also enables the other scholars or an investigator who are striving for
formulating the study on this particular research problem or issue. Moreover, it also assist the
students and professors of universities to gain a deeper and better insights relating to an impact
of training on the performance level of workers within an entity. This helps them in conducting a
better review on this specific issue in appropriately and adequately.

CHAPTER 2- LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction
It is reflected as the comprehensive summary of the past research on a particular topic or
the problem. This section relates to survey of scholarly articles, other sources and books that are
relevant to the particular research area. The review must describe, summarize, enumerate and
objectively evaluate & clarify the past research. Literature review section acknowledges work of
the previous scholars and doing so assures readers that the work has been conceived well. It is
anticipated that by mentioning past work in field of the study, Sal and Raja (2016), had
assimilated, evaluated and read that work for conducting the review in an effective and efficient
manner. It creates a landscape for reader by facilitating them with full or clear understanding of
developments within a field. This kind of landscape informs reader that Jain and Sharma (2019),
has indeed view of the previous important works in field of his or her research. In other words,
literature review is not counted as simply the chronological catalogue of each and every source
but is considered as an evaluation. It pulls off the previous researches together and describes the
way in which it connects to the research proposed through current paper. Likewise, it is not the
collection of the quotes & paraphrasing from different source. A literature review is said to be
good if it critically evaluates quality and the findings of research. It avoids temptation of
focusing on the significance of the specific research program.
Theme 1- Meaning of training and its importance in business
Ju and Li (2019), viewed that training comprises as the basic concept within human
resource development as it is mainly concerned with specific skill to desired standard by the
instruction and a practice. It acts as the most useful tool which brings an employee into the

position where they could perform their task or job effectively and correctly. It is an act of
increasing knowledge and the skills of an employee for performing the job in a particular manner
or as per the standards stated by an organization. Bibi, Ahmad and Majid (2018), defined
training as teaching or the learning activities that is been carried on for the purpose of assisting
the members of an enterprise in acquiring & applying knowledge, attitude, abilities and the skills
required by the job and company.
Training of an employee’s takes place just after the process of orientation. It is the practice of
enhancing skills, capabilities and the knowledge of the employees for performing or doing the
particular job. Training is the process that moulds thinking or views of employees and results to
the quality performance of the workforce. It is considered or stated as the continuous & the never
ending process in form of its nature.
Training plays a critical role for the development and the success of an organization. It is
beneficial or useful to employees as well as the employers of an entity. Worker would become as
more and more efficient or productive if he or she gets proper training. Training helps in
improving the morale of workers or employees in getting the job security and satisfaction. More
the employee is satisfied, greater is the morale and greater they contribute towards an
organizational success along with lesser employee turnover & absenteeism resulted in the
company. Well trained worker would be well acquainted with a job and would require less
supervision. Thus, there would result lesser wastage of the time and an efforts as training creates
perfection within an individual regarding doing the job. It leads to fewer accidents and errors are
likely to cause or occur only if employees lack skills & knowledge needed for conducting the
job. The more an employee is trained, lesser is the possibility of committing an accidents in the
job and more proficient or efficient an employee becomes.

During the process of training, employee acquires efficiency, skills and become as more
eligible for the promotion and acts as an asset for an enterprise. Moreover, training improves the
productivity and efficiency of employees. Employees that are well trained shows quality as well
as quantity performance and it results to less wastage of the time, resources and the money if the
workers are trained in a proper way.
Theme 2- Determining different training methods
According to Noe and Kodwani (2018), training has been bifurcated into two types which
are, on-the job training and off the job training methods. On the job training is very essential
because the real learning only takes place when what is studied is actually put into practice. The
learning can only be successful only when it is combined with practice. The on the job training
is the common method for providing training in which trainee is put on the particular job and
based on its requirement specific skills and knowledge is provided to perform the task
effectively. The different methods of on the job training are- job rotation, which involves the
movement of employee from one job to another with the purpose of providing knowledge and
experience in different job assignments. This method helps in identifying and understanding the
problems of another employee. Coaching, is another method, in which trainee is put under the
supervisor who provides training and feedback to the trainee. This method had the only issue that
it does not give opportunity to the trainee for expressing their ideas. Committee assignment, it
refers to the group of trainees who are given the task to solve the particular problem by
discussing it. The objective of using this method is to improve the team work. The job instruction
method which is also known as step by step method of training where trainer explains the way of
carrying out the job and in case of any mistake, corrects and advices the trainee.

As defined by Karim, Choudhury and Latif (2019), the off the job training is provided to
the employees away from the job. The different methods used under this method is case study
method, in which a case study s provided in relation to the problem faced by the business. This
gives an opportunity to the trainee to come out with all possible solutions. It helps in enhancing
the critical thinking skills of the trainee. Another method is role play, in this method also a case
is given to trainees and are asked to assume a particular role in the situation. Providing lectures is
also an effective method when the number of trainees is large. It is useful in explaining the
concepts and principles and face to face interaction is also made possible. Business games is also
very much in use by the organizations in providing training. In this, trainees are divided into
small groups and each group is asked to speak about the different functions of an imaginary
company. This discussion is about various subjects such as production, pricing, marketing, sales,
research etc. This method helps in gathering better outcomes which results into co-operative
decision making.
Theme 3- Stating an extent to which training assist the employees to enhance or increase their
performance level
According to Guan and Frenkel (2019), the competency level of the employees is highly
influenced by the training programs. Training not only improves the performance of the
employees but it also helps in enhancing the knowledge and skills of the employees which is
very useful in future job opportunities and it helps in gaining superior organizational
performance. By providing proper training, competencies of the employees is developed which
helps in implementing job related work more efficiently which consequently leads to achieving
the organizational objectives in a competitive manner. Also, it helps in reducing the

dissatisfaction levels, absenteeism and employee turnover rate as trained employees can feel the
sense of achievement and knowledge that they are developing.
The most of the benefits can be easily attained when training is provided. Al Karim
(2019), defined that the training is the motivational factor for employees. It will enhance the
knowledge towards the job by which employees become proficient and specialized in the job and
this results into better and improved results. This also helps the employees in coping up with the
changing business situations fostered by technological innovation, market competition but most
importantly it helps in enhancing the performance of the employees. The level and the type of
training provided also plays the key role in determining the impact of it on the employee’s
performance. If the training is as per the requirement and task to be carried out, it will definitely
increase the morale and motivation level of the employees which is positively influence their
performance and this results into increase in work performance and productivity. However,
training is not enough as employees need to constantly adapt to the changing job requirements
and performance. The positive and motivational attitude of the employees also influences the
working environment and this influence is very useful for the other employees and organization
to attain greater and huge success.
As stated by Esteban-Lloret, Aragón-Sánchez and Carrasco-Hernández (2018), training is
the core component of the effective and efficient performance of the employees and also it is an
indispensable part of the organization. Every organization has its training program with the
purpose of providing training to employees as per the requirement. The level of training varies
with the position of the employee and at each level training termed to be as a motivational tool
for managing the employees and their needs. This results into enhancement of the knowledge
and skills of the employees which consequently assists the employees to attain their higher level

of potential. This results into increasing the performance level and it prepares the employees to
grab the opportunities that would be made available in future for advancing their future job.
Thus, training has the huge impact over the employees lives and performance and the extent of it
cannot be evaluated.
Conclusion
From the above literature it has been concluded that Literature review allows an
interpretation o of the current books and articles within lightweight of recent developments in the
field. This enables in developing consistency in the information and the connection of past
materials relating to the particular research issue. Training plays the most important role in the
business as it enhances the work efficiency, morale and productivity of its employees. This in
turn helps the firm in achieving it goals effectively and efficiently by attaining growing success
within the business and in overall industry. There are several training methods or the techniques
that are been adopted by the company for improving the skills and ability of the workforce in
performing their respective jobs so that they could be able to perform to their best potential. Such
training methods are provided as on the job and off the job which means that in the former kind
of technique the training is been facilitated at the time when they are doing their job. However,
in the latter method, training is been given away or apart from the working premises. Moreover,
training is the most significant activity that helps in achieving higher level of efficiency in the
performance or the work of employees. Thus, training helps an employees to enhance their
personality and skills to a larger extent as it is counted as the process that teaches or make the
workers learn the manner or procedure in which the they need to do their job so that the goals
can be achieved as per the set targets or strategies within the market and an entire industry in
which the company is operating its business.

CHAPTER 2: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research type
In the field of research, types can be distinguished into two such as qualitative and
quantitative. Hence, before initiating study, scholar is required to select appropriate type in line
with the research issue being evaluated (Quinlan and et.al., 2019). Qualitative research refers to
the method of inquiry which in turn develops understanding about social sciences and human. It
is mainly process oriented inquiry which focuses on exploring research issue or problem. Thus,
main emphasis is on exploring and discovering ideas which in turn used in ongoing processes
(Kumar, 2019). On the contrary to this, quantitative research is associated with the analysis and
evaluation of numeric facts & figures. In this, solution is derived by applying statistical, logical
and mathematical techniques on data set.
In order to assess the extent to which training session improves employee performance
qualitative research type will be used by the researcher over quantitative. Moreover, issue
pertaining to employee performance and its association with training activity cannot be presented
in numeric format. Thus, by placing emphasis on qualitative aspects in relation to training and
employee performance level with regards to productivity and profitability issue will be
evaluated.
Research approach
It is stated as the plan and the procedures that consist of broad assumptions steps to the
detailed methods of collecting data, interpretation and the analysis. Therefore, it is chosen on the

basis of research problem that is required to be addressed or assessed (Fletcher, 2017). It is
divided into two main categories that is inductive and deductive approach.
Inductive reasoning is an approach or method that begins with an observation and he
theories that are been proposed toward an ending of the research process in form of the results of
an observations. It includes search for the patterns from that of observation and developing
hypotheses or theories for such patterns through the set of hypotheses. Any kind of theories or
the hypotheses is not been applied in this approach at the starting of research and in this scholar
seems as free with respect to modifying or changing direction for a study after a research process
had been commenced. On other state, deductive approach referred as developing hypotheses on
the basis previous theory and thereafter designing the research strategy in order to test
hypotheses in significant manner. Such hypotheses are derived from propositions of the theory
and are mainly concerned with reducing conclusions from the propositions or the premises. It
starts with expected pattern or series which is tested against observations while orientation
begins with an observation & seeks to found a set pattern within it.
Referring to this research report, scholar will be using inductive approach as it is counted
most suitable approach for making qualitative analysis in a better way. This method enables the
researcher in making an in-depth analysis in relation to an impact of training on the performance
level of the workforce within an organization.

Research philosophy
It means the belief regarding a way within which the data about a specific phenomenon
needs to gathered, used and analyzed. It is classified into two segments that are positivism and
interpretivism philosophy.
Positivism philosophy adheres to only the factual knowledge that is been gained through
an observation, with an inclusion of measurements. In this role of an investigator is seen as
limited to the data collection and an interpretation in the objective manner. In such type of the
studies, findings of research are reflected as observable and as quantifiable (Mohajan, 2018). It
depends on the observations that are quantifiable which leads to the statistical analysis. It is been
stated as the knowledge stems out from the experiences of human. However, interpretivism
philosophy includes the scholar for interpreting elements of study y an integration of the human
interest within the study. It assumes that an access to the reality is constructed only through the
social constructivism like language, shared meanings, instruments and the consciousness.
In this study, researcher will use interpretivism philosophy as it majorly focuses on the
qualitative analysis over the quantitative assessment. It associates with philosophical position of
an idealism and is been used for grouping the diverse approaches involving the social
constructions, hermeneutics, phenomenology and approaches that seeks for rejecting objectivist
view which shows that meaning resides in the world independently of the consciousness. This
approach helps in emphasizing on the meanings and might employ multiple techniques for the
purpose of reflecting different aspects of research problem.

Data collection
Primary and secondary are the main two methods which scholar can use for the purpose
of data collection. In this regard, primary data is the one that scholar specifically gathers for the
current research through the means of survey, observation, interview and focus group (Mohajan,
2018). On the other side, secondary data refers to the one that had already been collected,
evaluated and presented by the other scholars (Ledford and Gast, 2018). In this, for addressing
research questions prominently data will be gathered from both primary and secondary sources.
Thus, survey will be conducted by the researcher on the employees of ASDA to identify the
extent to which training session impacts employee’s performance.
For primary data gathering, questionnaire that contains both open & close ended
questions pertaining to training activity will be prepared and sent to the personnel. This data
collection method is highly effectual as it helps in collecting information in line with the research
question or issue being addressed. Along with this, books, journals and scholarly articles related
to training session and its association with performance will also be evaluated. By doing
assessment, it has found that secondary data is also highly effectual as it provides deeper insight
about research issue and helps in developing hypothesis for further study. Referring overall
evaluation, it can be presented that both primary and secondary data helps in meeting research
objectives to the significant level.
Sampling
It is a process which in turn used in statistical analysis for assessing the number of
observation that need to be taken from larger population. Probabilistic and non-probabilistic are
the main methods which researcher undertakes for the identification as well as selection of
appropriate sample. Due to having limited resources in terms of time, money etc it is not possible

for the researcher to conduct study on identified population. Thus, using either probabilistic or
non-probabilistic technique researcher can select sample for the investigation (Bresler and
Stake,2017). Probabilistic sampling method mainly includes simple random, systematic, cluster
and stratified in which each individual of identified population has equal chance to being
selected as sample. On the other side, in non-probabilistic technique there are no specific random
criteria for the selection of sample. In this, sample is usually selected referring research purpose.
In the current investigation, for assessing the influence of training activity on the
performance of employees working in ASDA simple random sampling technique will be
employed. Moreover, it avoids biasness and helps in selecting appropriate respondents for survey
purpose. Thus, as per this, 50 employees of ASDA will be used by the researcher for primary
data gathering. The reason behind this, employees who attend training session have better idea
about the extent to which particular activity impacts their performance level.
CHAPTER 3: DATA ANALYSIS
Specifically, there are mainly two methods which can be used by the researcher for the
purpose of data analysis such as SPSS and thematic perception test technique. However,
selection of data analysis is highly affected from the type of investigation undertaken
(Humphries, 2017). In this, for analyzing the impact of training session on employee
performance thematic perception test technique will be used by the scholar. The rationale behind
the selection of this technique is it helps in evaluating qualitative facts more effectually.
Moreover, SPSS is used when results based on the evaluation of numeric facts and figures. Thus,
according to the selected technique scholar will prepare different themes on the basis of
responses gathered through survey. In addition to this, findings will also be supported through
the means of graphs and brief thesis prepared in literature review section.

CHAPTER 4: ETHICAL CONSIDERATION
In order to enhance the effectiveness of research, scholar will also comply with ethical
aspects or considerations. According to this, scholar will send consent forms to the respondents
selected. This in turn shows that all the participants involved in survey willingly without any
force. Along with this, reference list will be added at the end of research which in turn shows that
all the data has been rephrased rather than copied. Thus, by including reference list scholar will
give credit to the concerned authors and thereby ensure ethical aspects.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Al Karim, R., 2019. Impact of different training and development programs on employee
performance in Bangladesh perspective. International Journal of Entrepreneurial
Research. 2(1). pp.8-14.
Bibi, P., Ahmad, A. and Majid, A. H. A., 2018. The impact of training and development and
supervisor support on employees retention in academic institutions: The moderating role
of work environment. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business. 20(1). p.113.
Bresler, L. and Stake, R. E., 2017. Qualitative research methodology in music education.
In Critical Essays in Music Education (pp. 113-128). Routledge.
Esteban-Lloret, N. N., Aragón-Sánchez, A. and Carrasco-Hernández, A., 2018. Determinants of
employee training: impact on organizational legitimacy and organizational
performance. The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 29(6). pp.1208-
1229.
Fletcher, A. J., 2017. Applying critical realism in qualitative research: methodology meets
method. International journal of social research methodology. 20(2). pp.181-194.
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performance. Personnel Review.
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DEVELOPMENT ON EMPLOYEES’PERFORMANCE: AN ANALYSIS OF
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