Research Methodologies

This document discusses research methodologies and their impact on organizations. It explores the importance of innovation and technology, strategies for incorporating them, and their impact on an organization. The document also includes insights from literature reviews and provides guidance on how to bring innovation within an organization.

Research
Methodologies

Contents
SUBMISSION 1: Research Design Proposal..................................................................................3
Introduction............................................................................................................................3
Research Methodology...........................................................................................................3
Data Analysis 100...................................................................................................................4
Ethics, Values, Referencing and Presentation 100.................................................................4
SUBMISSION 2: Literature Review...............................................................................................4
Literature Review Introduction..............................................................................................4
Literature Review Main Body................................................................................................4
Literature Review Conclusion................................................................................................4
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................4

SUBMISSION 1: Research Design Proposal
Introduction
Research Aim: To identify the impact of innovation and technology for an organisation to take
competitive advantage over others. A case study on Nestle.
Research Objectives:
• To understand the importance of innovation and technology on the organisation.
• To identify the strategies that can be adopted by the organisation for incorporating
innovation and technology.
• To determine the impact of innovation and technology on an organisation.
Research questions:
• What is the importance of innovation and technology on the organisation?
• What strategies can be adopted by the organisation for incorporating innovation and
technology?
• What can be the impact of innovation and technology on an organisation?
Rationale of the research:
The research is conducted by the researcher with the aim of determining the impact of
innovation and technology within the Nestle as the organisation has been operating on a large
scale. With the help of this research various strategies are identified that can be adopted by the
company for efficiently managing and incorporating the innovation (Bark, Kragt and Robson,
2016). To facilitate this data will be gathered from different sources and analysed on the basis of
which the recommendations will be made to the company in context of the strategies that can be
adopted by them.
Research Methodology
Research methods: Research method defines the specific procedure in analysing and
collecting data. Research Method can be classified as quantitative and qualitative research
method where quantitative method emphasize focus on numerical data and qualitative research
method is based upon interpretation of data variable that can facilitate in-depth research
(Quinlan, 2019). Quantitative research method uses questionnaire, surveys etc. while qualitative
research method includes focus Group, content analysis, ethnographic research etc. For

undertaking is research the investigator will be using both the methods so that better
understanding is developed for the research topic
Research philosophy: Research philosophy is considered to be a phenomena with the help
of which information can be gathered and interpreted. Research philosophy is classified as
positivism and interpretivism. The positivism approach is related with factual information which
is gathered with significant observation by the investigator while the interpretivism philosophy is
related with developing understanding of key elements and variable of research topic by
involving human interest. To efficiently complete this research by gathering data interpretivism
philosophy will be taken into consideration by the investigator as with this they can efficiently
evaluate the human interest in technology and innovation (Strange and Humphrey, 2019).
Research design: Research Design facilitates integration of all the components related to
the results so as to ensure that problem related to the research can be resolved. The design of a
research can be classified as exploratory design and descriptive design. Exploratory Research
Design is based upon limited references that can be used by investigator for developing
theoretical idea while the descriptive research design explain the detail behaviour all the
elements that are included in the research (Litosseliti, 2018). For completing this research
investigator will be using descriptive research design so that key behaviour of the study can be
analysed without influencing the subject matter.
Research approach: The research approach defines a set of assumptions that are identified
by undertaking research project. There are two types of research approach inductive approach
and deductive approach. Inductive approach is the one in which reasoning has been proposed in
the end due to which it is useful for setting new theories while deductive research approach is
based upon formulation of hypothesis for testing the validity of any specific theory. For
undertaking this research the investigator will be using inductive approach so that they can
generate new theories that can help them in resolving the issues faced by them (Noble and Smith,
2015).
Data collection: It is important for the investigator to determine the data collection
methods so that they can collect significant in information to facilitate the research. The data can
be collected from two sources - primary source and secondary source of data. The primary
source of data provides the data that is collected for the first time as per the research topic. It is
collected by questionnaire method, surveys etc. While from the secondary source secondary data

is collected that has already been carried out by someone earlier and can be used by other than as
per their research. Such data can be collected through books, journals, newspapers, articles etc.
For this research the investigator will collect data from both primary and secondary sources
recording the role of innovation and technology for an organisation.
Sampling: Sampling is a method with the help of which a number of observations are
selected from the population that comes under the research. It can be done through probability
sampling and non-probability sampling. The probability sampling implies that all the sample
have equal chance of getting selected and it includes various methods such as random sampling,
cluster sampling etc. Whereas non probability sampling is the one in which samples are selected
randomly through quota sampling, purposive sampling etc. In this research 30 employees will be
selected from Nestle for gathering information by way of random probability sampling method.
Data Analysis
Data analysis is the process with the help of which the data so gathered by the researcher
are analysed and findings are identified on the basis of which they make recommendation to the
organisation. It can be done with the help of SPSS analysis as well as thematic analysis. For this
research investigator will be focusing upon thematic analysis in which interpretation is done
through themes and study of the variables so that conclusive results can be drawn (Ingram and
Glod, 2016).
Ethics, Values, Referencing and Presentation
While carrying out the research, the investigator has to take into consideration the ethical
framework in context of gathering data from authentic sources and their citation. At the time of
this research complete anonymity is managed and maintained by the investigator as well as the
information taken from the informed consent of the participants are kept confidential.
SUBMISSION 2: Literature Review
Literature Review Introduction
Literature review is a survey of various scholarly sources related to a specific topic or the
questions of the research. It is considered to be the secondary source for gathering information
about the research topic and as it is dependent upon existing journals, books, articles the scope of
undertaking research with the help of literature review is wide. Similarly for this research to
develop the understanding of the impact of innovation and technology within an organisation

literature reviews are written. It facilitates to understand the viewpoint of various authors,
bloggers, industrialist, analysts etc. in context to what extend the particular research topic can
affect the organisation. For this research literature review is done for the research question that
reflect importance of the innovation and technology for organisation, its impact on the operations
as well as with what strategy they can incorporate innovative ideas in technological advancement
at their workplace.
Literature Review Main Body
Importance of innovation and technology on the organisation
According to Julia, most of the executives believe that their success is completely dependent
upon innovation as with this organisation can stay competitive in the market with which the
image of the company improves and thus it facilitates various opportunities to the employees.
Innovation has ability to resolve various issues that are faced by the organisation as this offer
better solution to meet with them. In addition to this it enhances the productivity of the
organisation as with innovation and technological improvement the cost of production of the
company reduces and it enables higher output. With the Improved productivity the efficiency of
the organisation becomes meaningful as this manual work decreases, repetitive work can be
avoided etc. It also has positive impact on the culture of the company due to which ability to
acquire and the utilisation of competencies, skills and knowledge set improves. This also
develops in environment of continuous learning and personal development that motivate people
to constantly perform better and this improves the overall performance of the organisation.
Continuous Innovation and Technology adoption increases the return on investment of the
company as they can offer better products to the customer than their competitors (Importance of
innovation, 2019).
Strategies that can be adopted by the organisation for incorporating innovation and technology
According to Catherine Park, innovation is must for the growth of the company and for this
it is important that business utilizes their resources efficiently. Organisation that aim to
incorporate innovation and technology at their workplace continuously analysis various aspects
and creative ideas to do so. Various strategies that are adopted by different organisations
implementing Innovation and technology includes giving a sense of freedom to the workers
which will make them think out of the box and encourage them to contribute to the creative
process of innovation within the organisation, significant amount of resources must be provided

to the teams so that they can bring the ideas into action. Most of the companies to support this
invest major portion in their Research and Development department as with this they can
develop innovative concept for the development of product in future. The leaders of the
organisation must invest their time in nourishing their worker by demonstrating different ways
with which the employees can contribute in implementing Innovation and Technology in their
work. Apart from this the leaders also need to develop an accommodating leadership style that
facilitates in nurturing the attitudes of the individuals and enabling them to understand the
importance of such technological advancement and innovation (Ways to bring innovation within
the organisation, 2016).
Impact of innovation and technology on an organisation
According to Basias, successful implementation of innovative idea and technological
advancement has various positive impacts on the organisation but sometimes if the organisation
could not adopt such innovation or technology then they may have to face various risks as well.
Various positive impacts of incorporating innovation is that it facilitates and organisation to
enhance their productivity, reduces the overall cost of production, contribute to the development
of the economy, offer various opportunities to the people working with their organisation or
create job opportunity for others etc. Apart from this it also give a competitive advantage to the
organisation which is crucial to ensure their success and growth. But the risk which is associated
with incorporation of innovation and technological advancement may lead to significant
financial losses to the company as they invest a large amount of funds for the ideas. Upon failure
of innovation ideas the productivity of the organisation can also be affected because changes in
technology have impact on the processes due to which their production gets affected. All this
leads to reduction in the market share of the company as well as reduction in the profit margins
because to keep the customer base the organisation has to reduce their prices to attract significant
number of customers (Basias and Pollalis, 2018).
Literature Review Conclusion
On the basis of the literature review it is identified that for the organisation it is crucial to
understand both the positive and adverse impact of incorporating the innovation and
technological advancement as with this they can manage the failure of the innovation if occurs.
But to efficiently manage and incorporate various strategies need to be adopted by the
organisation such as allowing freedom to the employees, encourage them to provide their

suggestions and recommendations, think out of the box and grab the opportunity out of
innovation etc. In this the leaders of the organisation plays crucial role as they can motivate them
by creating vision for them. Organisations take initiative of implementing Innovation and
Technology with the aim of taking competitive advantage and enhancing productivity, improving
their market share, making their customer more loyal to them by satisfying their needs and wants
and many more. To facilitate this they need to undertake effective planning so that such
implementation can be managed well.
REFERENCES
Books and Journal
Bark, R. H., Kragt, M. E., and Robson, B. J., 2016. Evaluating an interdisciplinary research
project: Lessons learned for organisations, researchers and funders. International Journal
of Project Management. 34(8). 1449-1459.
Basias, N. and Pollalis, Y., 2018. Quantitative and qualitative research in business & technology:
Justifying a suitable research methodology. Review of Integrative Business and Economics
Research. 7. pp.91-105.
Ingram, T. and Glod, W., 2016. Talent management in healthcare organizations-qualitative
research results. Procedia Economics and Finance, 39, pp.339-346.
Johnson, R.B. and Christensen, L., 2019. Educational research: Quantitative, qualitative, and
mixed approaches. SAGE Publications, Incorporated.
Litosseliti, L. ed., 2018. Research methods in linguistics. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Noble, H. and Smith, J., 2015. Issues of validity and reliability in qualitative research. Evidence-
based nursing .18(2). pp.34-35.
Quinlan, C and et.al., 2019. Business research methods. South Western Cengage.
Strange, R. and Humphrey, J., 2019. What lies between market and hierarchy? Insights from
internalization theory and global value chain theory. Journal of International Business
Studies. 50(8). pp.1401-1413.
Online
Importance of innovation, 2019.[online] Available
through:<https://www.viima.com/blog/importance-of-innovation>
Ways to bring innovation within the organisation, 2016. [online] Available through:<
https://www.zippia.com/employer/workplace-innovation/>