Smart Irrigation System Design

This assignment delves into the design of a smart irrigation system leveraging Internet of Things (IoT) technology. It examines the integration of cloud computing for data storage and processing, highlighting security measures to protect sensitive tenant data. The assignment also explores various applications of this system in precision agriculture, focusing on efficient water management and optimized crop growth.

Running head: APPLICATION OF IOT AND CLOUD COMPUTING FOR AGRICULTURE
Application of IoT and cloud computing for agriculture
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author’s Note

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APPLICATION OF IOT AND CLOUD COMPUTING FOR AGRICUTURE
Abstract
The cloud computing have tremendously affected the market of all fields. The cloud computing
and IoT has influenced the traditional form of farming in the field. There are various new
techniques developed in the market that helps in technical farming concept in the field. This
research project has focused on the impacts of the implementation of the cloud computing and
IoT in the agricultural sector.
There are various questions initiated that will be answered after the end of the research. The IoT
has helped in interacting with various devices in the world for helping in different sectors
including agriculture. The research will follow a proper methodology that will help in
completing the research on time. The research will follow both the qualitative and quantitative
data analysis method to analyses the data collected from both primary and secondary method.
The literature review will discuss the concept of cloud computing and Internet of things in the
agricultural field. The impact if the cloud computing and internet of things will be mentioned in
the chapter. The challenges in implementing the cloud computing and IoT in the agricultural
sector will be discussed.

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Table of Contents
1. Introduction..................................................................................................................................5
2. Background..................................................................................................................................6
3. Research focus.............................................................................................................................7
3.1 Research problem..................................................................................................................7
3.2Research question...................................................................................................................8
3.3 Research aim..........................................................................................................................8
4. Research Methodology................................................................................................................8
4.1Research philosophy...............................................................................................................8
4.2 Research approach.................................................................................................................9
4.3 Research design...................................................................................................................10
4.4 Data Collection....................................................................................................................10
4.5 Sampling technique.............................................................................................................11
4.6Data Analysis........................................................................................................................11
4.7Ethical Consideration............................................................................................................12
5. Research Merit and proposed contribution to science...............................................................12
6. Literature Review......................................................................................................................13
6.1 Concept of Cloud Computing..............................................................................................13
6.2 Cloud Services.....................................................................................................................14
6.3 Benefits of Cloud Computing..............................................................................................19

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6.4 Application of agricultural information cloud.....................................................................20
6.5 Concept of Internet of Things..............................................................................................22
6.6 Model of IoT........................................................................................................................24
6.7 Impact of the Cloud Computing and IoT in the Agriculture...............................................26
6.8 Challenges to utilize cloud computing and IoT in Agriculture...........................................27
6.9 Summary..............................................................................................................................28
7. Research Protocol......................................................................................................................29
8. References..................................................................................................................................30
Table figures
Figure 1: SaaS................................................................................................................................17
Figure 2: PaaS................................................................................................................................18
Figure 3: IaaS.................................................................................................................................19
Figure 4: Cloud benefits................................................................................................................20
Figure 5: Architecture of the agricultural information cloud........................................................22
Figure 6: Flow chart of Information acquisition model.................................................................26
Figure 7: IoT Model in Agriculture...............................................................................................27
Figure 8: IoT model in Agriculture...............................................................................................28
Figure 9: Gantt Chart.....................................................................................................................30

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1. Introduction
Internet of things and cloud computing are two new concepts of Internet Technology
emerging in the modern world. Both of them have been showing its importance in different
sectors in the industry. They have shown benefits in the agricultural industry by busing new
technology in farming. According to a report of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the
United Nation (FAO) says that the global population will reach to 8 billion by 2025 and 9.6
billion by 2050 (Botta et al. 2016). Therefore, in order to maintain the pace of growing
population the agricultural industry have to be developed to increase the pace of food production
in the world. The resurfacing of the global recession and losses have caused various ripples in
the developed and developing countries.
The cloud computing and Internet of Things have helped in making out if the problems in
the agricultural industry. The use of the advanced farming technology has helped in controlling
the challenges in the agricultural industry. As commented by Gubbi et al. (2013), the IoT has
able to connect various devices with each other with the help of the Internet. Various
applications are developed that are helping on enhancing the techniques of farming in the world.
This research is based on the techniques of farming in the China and Kenya. China have
advanced IoT devices that are helping in smart farming and increasing the food production in the
country. On the other hand, Kenya is an underdeveloped and still struggling with improving their
techniques for farming.
The use of the cloud computing and internet of things have helped in minimizing the cost of the
new techniques used in the farming. The Cloud computing and Internet of things have helped in

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connecting with various sensors that helps in providing knowledge regarding atmospheric
conditions. This research focuses in this new sensors and technologies that help in inducing
smart farming in the Kenya. This research focuses in the facility farming techniques used with
the help of Cloud Computing and Internet of things.
2. Background
The Cloud Computing and Internet of Things have enabled the sensing technology in the
agricultural industry in the market. This sensing technology uses various types of sensors that
helps in performing various roles in the market regarding the enhancement of the farming. The
use of the artificial intelligence in the sensing technology has helped in maintaining the
efficiency of the smart devices. There are various characteristics of the smart sensing devices
including the reliability and energy-efficient. As commented by TongKe (2013), the Wireless
Sensor network (WSN) has helped to delineate landscape and for managing field level of food
production are effectively established.
The IoT has helped in interacting with various devices in the world for helping in
different sectors including agriculture. As mentioned by Da Xu et al. (2014), the Radio
frequency Identification (RFID) helps in collecting various data and information regarding the
agricultural statistics for helping in the smart concept of farming. The RFID is wireless
electromagnetic fields for transferring data automatically and tracking various objects. The
device is connected with the cloud computing and the data and information is stored in the cloud
server. The Internet of Things has strengthen its roots in China by involving into new
technologies (Perera et al. 2014). China has been continuously implementing smart technologies
in their agricultural industry. The research has been done in the technologies used by the China
in the agricultural industry. There are various methodologies used in the research for completing

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APPLICATION OF IOT AND CLOUD COMPUTING FOR AGRICUTURE
the research within time with proper outcomes. The use of the cloud computing in the agriculture
has helped in reducing the costs and space of storing data and information related to the farming.
3. Research focus
The research will focus on the study of the IoT and cloud computing used by China in the
agriculture industry. The applications of the cloud computing and IoT in the China will be taken
and recommended in the agricultural industry of Kenya. The research will focus on the use of
sensor technologies used for implementing the climate smart agriculture. The opportunities of
the project in implementing in Kenya has been discussed. The challenges in implementing the
project in the agricultural industry will be reflected in the research. There will be several
recommendations provided to mitigate the challenges detected during implementation of the
sensor technology in the agricultural industry.
3.1 Research problem
The use of the IoT and cloud computing in the agricultural industry has given rise to the
smart farming. This has helped in increasing the food production in the world. The project
climate agriculture has been a failure in Kenya. Kenya is an undeveloped country struggling for
implementing architecture of cloud computing and Internet of Things (Wang et al. 2014). The
use of the cloud computing and the IoT has been continuously helping in increasing the
production of food in the market. Therefore, this research will focus on eliminating the barriers
of implementing the cloud computing and internet of things in the agricultural industry in Kenya.
The research will also reflect the possibilities that are prevailing in the Kenya with respect to the
scenario that in the China.

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3.2Research question
Few questions will be answered in the outcomes of the research. These questions are
mentioned below:
1. What are the applications of the cloud computing and Internet if things 9n the
agriculture?
2. What are the opportunities for the cloud computing and internet f things in the agriculture
industry in Kenya?
3. What are the challenges in implementing the strategies under the cloud computing and
internet of things in agricultural industry in Kenya?
4. What are the recommendations for mitigating these challenges in the agricultural sector
of Kenya?
3.3 Research aim
This research aims towards the application of the cloud computing and internet if things
9n the agricultural sector in the Kenya. This research aims at retrieving information regarding the
use of smart technologies in the China and implementing in agricultural industry of Kenya.
4. Research Methodology
A proper approach in the research has to be maintained for getting appropriate results and
outcomes after the completion of the research. The methodological framework provides an
intelligent approach towards the research for fulfilling the objectives and question of the
research.

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4.1Research philosophy
The research philosophy deals with the philosophical standards that will be followed in
this research by the researchers. These philosophies help in detecting the mentality of the
researcher and the participants of the research. The philosophical standards include Positivism,
interpretivism, pragmatism and authenticity (Perera et al. 2014). The positivism philosophy deals
with the physiological aspects of the research materials. On the other hand, the interpretivism
deals with the general aspects of the pope regarding the research topic.
This research will use positivism philosophy to discover the psychological aspects of the
research topic. The theories regarding the cloud computing and internet of things will be
properly analyzed with the help of positivism philosophy. The questions will be developed
depending upon the literature review of the research in the given topic. Therefore, this is the
reason of selecting the positivism philosophy over interpretivism.
4.2 Research approach
The approach of the research provides a proper way of progressing the study on the topic.
There are two types of research approach including inductive and deductive approach. The
inductive approach deals with the depiction of various components of the research topic. This
depiction of the components is followed by an example related to it in a hypothetical manner
(Babu et al. 2015). On the other hand, deductive approach refers to a hypothetical approach of
the research topic and analyses the various aspects if the research elements. It helps in building a
relationship among the components of the research.
The deductive approach helps in providing motivation in the present research. On the
other hand, the inductive approach deals with the predisposition reflection and blunders in
elucidation. The main issue distinguishing proof and managing same was double for the present

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APPLICATION OF IOT AND CLOUD COMPUTING FOR AGRICUTURE
research (Liu and Tao 2016). The specialist could conclude relationship of relegated factors and
intelligently clarify occasions seen with assistance of experimental information.
4.3 Research design
There are three types of research design including the exploratory, explanatory and
descriptive design. . The exploratory research focuses on clarification of existing hypothetical
system. The examination issues same decides the method of determination and additionally
relevance of exploration outline (Jayaraman et al. 2015). The exploratory research highlights on
the recognizable proof of relationship and hidden realities for influencing the circumstance. The
research will use the descriptive design.
The descriptive design helps in identifying the data and information related to the
research topic from the sources available. It also helps in clear understanding of the data and
information developed during the study of the topic. Techniques used in the research will be
analyzed by the descriptive design. Therefore, these are the remains of undertaking the
descriptive research design.
4.4 Data Collection
The data collection method is an integral part of a research topic. The data and information
regarding the research topic s taken from various sources. There are two types of data collection
methods including the primary and secondary data collection methods. The primary data
collection includes the data collection from organizing surveys, case study analysis and
experimentation. On the other hand, the secondary data collection method deals with the data
collection from online journals, articles, books, interviews and governmental databases (Ansari
et al. 2015) The review surveys will be created as Likert scale. The scale contains reactions
including Strongly Agree, , Neutral, Agree, Disagree and Strongly Disagree. The reactions of

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farmers will be gathered with assistance of close-ended survey with end goal of speculation of
information and in addition investigation of particular feedbacks. The polls will be produced and
ad lobbed amid inquire about. The end of predisposition reactions and mistakes will be
institutionalized amid the procedure of advancement of the survey.
4.5 Sampling technique
The sample technique is the research depicts the technique by which the data collecting
method will be implemented to collect the data and information regarding the research topic.
There will be 50 people including farmers and consumers taken for organizing the online survey.
The answers and views of the participants will be recorded as data and information for the
research topic. There will be ten close ended questions will be added in the questionnaire of the
online survey. There are three managers of three different agricultural companies will be
interviewed for gathering their answers and thoughts on the research topic. There will be three
open-ended questions asked in the interview and the answers of the managers will be recorded as
data and information for the research topic.
4.6Data Analysis
The data analysis helps in analyzing the data and information that has been collected during
the data collection method. As commented by Singh, Tripathi and Jara (2014), there two types
of data analysis including qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The quantitative data
analysis used to analyses the data collected from the primary sources including online survey. On
the other hand, qualitative data analysis is used for the data collected from the secondary sources
including interviews. This research will use both the qualitative and quantitative data analysis.
This type of data analysis sis known as hybrid data analysis. The results are shown in a tabular

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APPLICATION OF IOT AND CLOUD COMPUTING FOR AGRICUTURE
and graphical format using the Likert Scale. Thus, it helps in proper understanding of the results
and outcomes of the research.
4.7Ethical Consideration
The research will follow all the ethical consideration in the study. The research will
follow the rules under the Data Protection Act 1998. The data and information of the research
will not be used outside the study and secured properly for the research use. The legal standards
of the act will be strictly followed. There will be proper transparency of data and information in
the results and outcomes of the research (Cao et al. 2016). No participants of the survey and
interview are forced to participate in it. They will be free with their decision to leave the survey
or interview at any time according ti their will. The data and information related to the research
will not be coarshed. The data and information will be taken from authentic websites and
journals. The overview was finished with dynamic and tolerance support of the members.
Mighty or unscrupulous practices are kept away from to guarantee realness of the present
research.
5. Research Merit and proposed contribution to science
A systematic investigation will be done on the applications of the cloud computing and
IoT in the agricultural sector of China and Kenya. As suggested by Cavalcante et al. (2016), the
problems in the agriculture has been prevailing in the industry. The production of food is not
appropriate with the increase in the population of the world. The hunger rate of the people is
increasing day by day all over the world. Therefore, to manage the production of the food in the
world, the cloud computing and IoT has started various technologies including the climate smart
agriculture that help in analyzing the climatic changes and extreme condition of weather on the
farming operations.

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APPLICATION OF IOT AND CLOUD COMPUTING FOR AGRICUTURE
This research will depicts the nature of different crops of agriculture (Satpute and
Tembhurne 2014). This research will focus on the research questions and objectives that helps in
mitigating the problems prevailing in the agriculture. There will be some theories and models
discussed in the literature review for analyzing the concept of the cloud computing and Internet
of Things in the agriculture sector. The data and information will be collected from both the
primary and secondary data sources. Therefore, the data analysis for the research will be the
hybrid data analysis including both the qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The results and
outcomes of the research are shown in tabular format and represented graphically. The research
has been done in the technologies used by the China in the agricultural industry. As mentioned
by Borgia (2014), there are various methodologies used in the research for completing the
research within time with proper outcomes. The use of the cloud computing in the agriculture has
helped in reducing the costs and space of storing data and information related to the farming. The
research will follow the Data Protection Act 1998 that signifies the security of the data and
information of the research not disclosed before the completion of the research work.
6. Literature Review
This chapter will focus on the concept of the cloud computing and Internet of things in
the agriculture sector. There various theories and models of the topic will be discussed in the
chapter. These models and theories help in investigating data and information related to the
research topic. This can be further illustrated in the literature review. The impact of the cloud
computing and internet if things on the agricultural sector will be described properly.
6.1 Concept of Cloud Computing
Cloud computing has been a trending technology in the market of information
technology. It has captured most of the sector including the agricultural sector all over the world.

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The cloud computing has provided a revolutionary change in the market. As commented by
Sangtrash and Hiremath (2017), the use of the cloud services has been increased in the business
organization of various sectors including agriculture. Therefore, the importance of the cloud
computing has been increasing in the market. The agricultural sector has been proofing the cloud
computing with the increase of the population of the world. This has caused decrease in the
production of the food in the world. The cloud computing has helped in providing various
software and hardware to the companies at a low price by which the company can increase the
production of food in the market. Cloud computing has shown a new approach to the internet
technology in the market by accomplishing the technology even in the agriculture sector (Yu,
Tian and Hua 2014). The cloud computing have started the end user statement services that helps
in sharing the services provided by the cloud computing. The business organization can store
their data and information over the cloud server using the internet. The data and information
stored in the cloud server can easily be accessed from anywhere over the internet.
6.2 Cloud Services
Various services are provided by the cloud computing in the market. These services are
accumulated by the users to obtain flexibility and efficiency in the computing services. There are
four-deployment model of cloud including private cloud, community cloud, public cloud and
hybrid cloud.
Private Cloud
The private cloud refers to the services of the cloud that is bound to an organization. The
services provided by the private cloud is accessed by only an organization with proper
authentication. The cost of the cloud services and security is more than that of public cloud. The
private cloud are internally and externally hosted. As suggested by Sales (2015), this type of

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hosting depends in the requirement of the company in the market. No third party is allowed to
enter into the security of the private cloud.
Community Cloud
The community cloud refers to the sharing of the cloud services within two or more
organization. The sharing of the cloud services can be among the community of users. This helps
in minimizing the cost of the cloud services in the community. As commentd by Ramundo,
Taisch and Terzi (2016), various benefits of the community cloud help in maintaining the risks
involved in the cloud services. The community cloud have a firewall that is accessed bub the
community having authentication.
Pubic cloud
The services of the public cloud in accessed public. Any user can access the services
provided by the public cloud in the market. The public cloud follow the pay per use architecture
that helps in limiting the users in the public cloud. As mentioned by Li et al. (2013), the cost of
the public cloud services is less comparatively to other deployment models. The public cloud is
generally owned by the cloud service provider that helps in providing cloud services to the users
in the market.
Hybrid Cloud
The hybrid cloud is the mixture of both public and private cloud in the market. The
hybrid cloud is the composition of the two-cloud model. This helps in providing both the
services of the cloud deployment model in the market (Jiang et al. 2013). The user can switch
their services from public cloud to private cloud and vice-versa.

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The three most common cloud-computing modes are SaaS, PaaS and IaaS.
SaaS
Software-as-a-service provide services regarding the software and web applications to the
users and organization. Many software and web applications are very costly and are not
affordable by many companies in the market (Flint 2017). Therefore, the SaaS provide such
software at a rental basis. These costs low and helps in the development of the company in the
market.
Figure 1: SaaS
(Source: Flint 2017)
PaaS

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Platform-as-a-service helps in providing the platform ti the organization for the
installation of various software and application in the systems (Salem et al. 2017). The platform
helps in developing and designing different software and application in the organization.
Figure 2: PaaS
(Source: Salem et al. 2017)

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IaaS
Infrastructure-as-a-service helps in providing various services including the traffic
controlling, virtual computers, network components and different infrastructure to the
organization in the market. Therefore, these services also helps in developing the organization in
the market.

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APPLICATION OF IOT AND CLOUD COMPUTING FOR AGRICUTURE
Figure 3: IaaS
(Source: Sathyadevan et al. 2017)
6.3 Benefits of Cloud Computing
There are various advantages of the cloud computing in the market. This has helped in
increasing the flexibility and efficiency of the internet technology in the market. It has also
helped in lowering the cost of the computer software accessories. As commented by Sathyadevan
et al. (2017), the initial cost of the companies in the market has been lowered with the use of the
cloud computing services in the market. The performance if the computer systems have been
increased with the use of the cloud computing services. This has decreased the load and pressure
in the hardware of the system. The flexibility of the applications have been enhanced by the use
of the cloud computing services.
Figure 4: Cloud benefits
(Source: Chiang et al. 2017)

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The cost of the software has been decreased due to the use of the cloud computing
(Chiang et al. 2017). The software and application are rented on a monthly basis that helps in
minimizing the costs of the software for the company in the market. The company does not have
to buy the license of the software from the market. The use of the cloud computing and internet
of things have helped in minimizing the cost of the new techniques used in the farming. The
Cloud computing and Internet of things have helped in connecting with various sensors that
helps in providing knowledge regarding atmospheric conditions (Garg 2017). This can be
illustrated by the use of the cloud computing n the business organization.
6.4 Application of agricultural information cloud
There are various application of the agricultural information cloud in the market. The
applications are mentioned below:
Cloud computing in plant management
The database of the cloud computing helps in storing the data and information regarding
the agricultural facts in the field. The information regarding the agricultural management process
f the plants and crops are stored in the cloud storage that helps in accessing the data and
information anytime and anywhere with the help of internet (Hayley 2017). The key problems in
the agricultural analysis s has been performed in the cloud computing. This include the automatic
analysis of the key problems in the agricultural strategic plans.
Estimating productivity
The cloud computing helps in estimating the productivity of the crops in active period.
The use of the cloud computing and internet of things have helped in minimizing the cost of the
new techniques used in the farming. The cloud computing estimates the effect of the productivity

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if the foods in the market with strategic plans implemented in the agricultural sector (Meredith,
M. and Urgaonkar 2017). The cloud commuting implements different simulations that help in
maintaining the productivity of crops in the market. The Cloud computing and Internet of things
have helped in connecting with various sensors that helps in providing knowledge regarding
atmospheric conditions.
Tracing and controlling farm
The cloud computing helps in tracing and controlling the security of the farm by using
the information technology in the network server. Therefore, the cloud computing helps in
securing the farm and certify the pollution free environment around the production area.

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Figure 5: Architecture of the agricultural information cloud.
(Source: Meredith, M. and Urgaonkar 2017)
The cloud computing takes the record of the quantity and quality of the food and the
security related issues of the data and information in the cloud server. The market value and
demand are monitored in the cloud computing. The cloud computing helps the customers in
analyzing the information of the products with the help of tracing system. There are various
security devices used in the cloud computing including the security pattern identification and
identify the growing of the plants.
6.5 Concept of Internet of Things
The Internet of Things is network of devices that have their IP addresses and follow
certain protocols to send and receive messages over the network. The term refers to scenarios
where the computing capabilities and network connectivity is through objects, sensors, and
computers. Technology has made such devices capable of generating, exchanging and
consuming data with minimal human intervention. . As commented by Gill, Chana and Buyya
(2017), the concept of IoT has raised many legal and regulatory questions, which have an
extensive scope. For example, issues such as cross-border data flows, data misuse, civil rights
and law enforcing surveillance conflicts, retention of data, security breaches, legal liabilities of
unintended uses, or lapse of privacy.
The network drivers are installed in the architecture that helps in providing integrated
solutions to the challenges faced by the company in the market. The Internet of Things is a
network of devices that have their IP addresses and follow certain protocols to send and receive
messages over the network. It involves integrating with network management and event
correlation product to monitor the network activities. As mentioned by Chandra et al. (2017),

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new features, policies, and frameworks keep emerging, as it is not completely stabilized. Hence,
the awareness sessions or programs sometimes do not match the pace at which this technology
changes. There are various logging in the network that mitigate the viruses and other harmful
malwares from entering into the network. It also helps in translating the traffic on the network
and slows down the network congestion.
As commented by Bhavani and Begum (2017), the term refers to scenarios where the
computing capabilities and network connectivity is through objects, sensors, and computers. The
internet of Things has helped in the agricultural sector by involving in the smart technologies in
the market. The internet of things has provided new applications that has helps in maintaining the
business in the market. The agricultural sensors have helped inn controlling and analyzing the
weather conditions favorable for the crops and plants in the farming. The use of the weather
sensors have helped in maintaining the climatic change in the agricultural lab in the market. As
mentioned by Vasisht et al. (2017), the RFID has helped in controlling the climatic change and
its effects on the agriculture. The sourcing of the platform used in the IoT helps in providing
accessibility, affordability, interacting and crowd sourcing in the agricultural sector. The food
security protocol helps in maintaining the health of the food and prevent it from being damaged.
The agriculture sensors helps in collecting the information regarding the temperature, moisture,
humidity, pressure and other gas concentrations in the atmosphere. This helps in gathering the
knowledge about the suitability of the weather condition. These sensors have different
parameters that helps in apparently detecting an alarming situation for the crops to grow in the
adverse conditions.
As commented by Zulkifli and Noor (2017), the sensor also helps in gathering the
information of the locations of the products in the farming fields. The sensors also helps in

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maintaining a record of the crops in the field and monitoring its growth with time. These values
are stored in the cloud server that can be accessed from anywhere. The climatic changes is
recorded with the help of the satellite that provides correct information related to the weather.
The cloud computing helps in estimating the productivity of the crops in active period. The use
of the cloud computing and internet of things have helped in minimizing the cost of the new
techniques used in the farming. As mentioned by Cambra et al. (2017), the cloud computing
estimates the effect of the productivity if the foods in the market with strategic plans
implemented in the agricultural sector. The cloud commuting implements different simulations
that help in maintaining the productivity of crops in the market.
6.6 Model of IoT
Information acquisition model
The information module of the perception layer of the system helps in sensing the devices
and the production of the crops. This model helps in collecting data and information related to
the crops in the environment. As suggested by Tejaswini and Guruprasad (2017), the
environmental factors including weather, temperature, humidity and light are maintained and
analyzed by the sensing devices using this model. The wireless network sensors are based on Zig
bee Technology and mobile network transmission for analyzing the statistics of the agricultural
data. The sensor is highly stable and anti-jamming with long distance transmission with
enhanced accuracy. Microcontrollers are used in the sensors for the working and data acquisition
of agricultural information. As mentioned by Zhou et al. (2017), the communication between the
wireless module and microprocessor is dine with the universal asynchronous protocols for
receiving information regarding the agricultural.

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Figure 6: Flow chart of Information acquisition model
(Source: Zhou et al. 2017)
There is a RAM installed in the model that helps in instant access to the data and
information related to the agricultural sector. As suggested by Nguyen et al. (2017), the
microprocessor attached with it fetches the data and information from the RAM. After fetching
the data, the microprocessor processes the data and information that helps in analyzing the data
related to the agriculture. The three layer system of the IoT system module helps in disposing the
wastage of memory and

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Figure 7: IoT Model in Agriculture
(Source: Nguyen et al. 2017)
6.7 Impact of the Cloud Computing and IoT in the Agriculture
Both the cloud computing and IoT have helped in enhancing the agricultural techniques
used in the market. The use of the technology has increases the production of the food in the
market. As suggested by Ray (2017), the cloud computing has helped in maintaining the data and
information in the agricultural industry. There are various conditions in the cloud computing
regarding the storage of the data and information. The user have an account in the cloud server
where the data is stored securely. The farmers uses different IoT devices that helps in
implementing smart farming and increase the food production. As commented by Zulkifli and
Noor (2017), the use of the smart technology in the agriculture helps in performing many tasks

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automatically including analyzing weather report and climatic conditions in the market. The use
of the IoT devices have helped a lot to the farmers. The farmers have been educated with the
knowledge regarding the smart agricultural technique. The cloud computing helps in estimating
the productivity of the crops in active period. The use of the cloud computing and internet of
things have helped in minimizing the cost of the new techniques used in the farming. The cloud
computing estimates the effect of the productivity if the foods in the market with strategic plans
implemented in the agricultural sector.
Figure 8: IoT model in Agriculture
(Source: Ansari et al. 2015)
6.8 Challenges to utilize cloud computing and IoT in Agriculture
As commented by Ansari et al. (2015), the cloud computing and Internet of Things have
helps a lot to the farmers in the country for increasing the crop production in the region. The
integration of cloud computing and IoT have helped in making revolutionary changes in the
agricultural sector. On the other hand, as argued by Zulkifli and Noor (2017), there are various

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APPLICATION OF IOT AND CLOUD COMPUTING FOR AGRICUTURE
challenges included in the implementation of the cloud computing and internet of things. The
adoption of these technologies by the consumer is the major challenge for the implementation.
The customers are not aware of such kind of technologies in the market. The farmers are also not
educated with these technologies used in the agriculture. In the modern world, farmers are still
using the traditional method of agriculture in the scenario. They are not aware of the new IoT
devices in agriculture.
As commented by Zulkifli and Noor (2017), the cost of the new IoT devices are very
high with respect to the income of the farmers in the stare. Therefore, most of the farmers could
not afford such costly technology for farming. They are not educated to use those technologies in
the farming. Therefore, there is a lack of awareness among the farmers. The farmers are adopted
with the traditional form of farming and not willing to change the strategies of farming. The IoT
devices have renovate the traditional method of farming in the agricultural sector but it has
shown various limitations as discussed earlier. The use of the modern techniques of farming have
also harmed the fertility of the soil by the use of chemicals. The use of the wireless sensors and
modern devices are transmitting rays that are harmful for the growth if the plants in the field.
6.9 Summary
This chapter have discussed about the concept of both cloud computing and Internet of
thing in the agriculture. The different models of cloud computing has been discussed in the
chapter. The Information acquisition model has helped in understanding the concept of IoT in the
agriculture. The impact of the IoT and cloud computing has been discussed in the chapter. The
challenges in the implementation of the cloud computing and IoT in the agricultural sector has
been focused.

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APPLICATION OF IOT AND CLOUD COMPUTING FOR AGRICUTURE
7. Research Protocol
The research protocol deals with the amount of time and space taken for completing each
step of the research. The timeline of this research has been given below:
Main activities/ stages Mar Apr May June July Aug
Topic Selection 
Data collection from
secondary sources
 
Framing layout of the research 
Literature review   
Formation of the research
Plan
 
Selection of the Appropriate
Research Techniques
 
Primary data collection
Analysis & Interpretation of
Data Collection
 
Conclusion of the Study 
Formation of Rough Draft 
Submission of Final Work 
Figure 9: Gantt Chart
(Source: Created by author)

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APPLICATION OF IOT AND CLOUD COMPUTING FOR AGRICUTURE
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