Pathophysiology and Treatment of Ischemic Stroke

Ischemic stroke
Hypertension
functionality of the cardiac
muscles decreases
Atrial fibrillationAge
heart failed to pump blood
ischemic stroke.
The lack of oxygen supply to the tissue and
blood clot in brain (extra=cranial embolism)
right-sided facial
drooping
uncoordinated
gait
dominant visual
gaze towards the
left
physical
examination
Computerized
tomography
Magnetic
resonance
imaging
cerebral
angiogram
tissue
plasminoge
n activator
(TpA)
angioplasty
Stroke
rehabilitation
Risk
factor
Pathophys
iology
diagnosis
Clinical
manifestation
Treatment
Aetiology

The case study represents the health condition of 66 years old man, Alf Stewart who is diagnosed with to extra-cranial embolism.
Considering his health condition, high blood pressure is highlighted as the primary risk factor of stroke since uncontrolled blood
pressure weakens and damaged the blood vessels of the brain, contributed to the rupture and leak which further led to the
stroke(Vella et al., 2015). The connected risk factor, in this case, is atrial fibrillation which is defined as the abnormal heart
rhythm which happens when electrical pulses fire off from different spaces because of high blood pressure (Vidale et al., 2017).
Age is highlighted as another risk factor is the age which leads to ischemic stroke. As discussed by George and Steinberg (2015),
being age over 55 years increase the risk of occurrence of stroke.
The detected clinical manifestations for the patient were right-sided facial drooping, uncoordinated gait, and a dominant visual
gaze towards the left (Wolf, Ebert & Chatzikonstantinou, 2017). Ischemic stroke is characterized by sudden loss of blood
circulation in the brain resulted in the functional loss of the nervous system. This paper will focus on the pathophysiology in
relation to the sign and symptoms. With the rapid aging process, the functionality of the cardiac muscles decreases rapidly
resulted in the difficulty of heart in pumping blood. Consequently, the oxygen supply decreases in the cranial blood vessels
cause the embolism which further led to the ischemic stroke. The left side facial drooping observed in the patient because of a
malfunction in the facial nerve. As discussed by Radak et al. (2017), malfunction of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) observed
because of the disruption of the cranial nerve which sent the signal sent to facial muscles that further led the ischemic stroke.
The patient exhibited uncontrolled gait which was because of the lack of coordination between cranial nerves and body. The
dominant visual gaze observed when symmetric limitation of the movements of both eyes occurs because of cerebral injury as
observed in this case study(Azad, Veeravagu & Steinberg, 2016).