Risk Factors for Depression in Men: Family History, Chronic Stress, Medication or Substance Use, Personality, and Poor Nutrition

This article discusses the risk factors for depression in men, including family history, chronic stress, medication or substance use, personality, and poor nutrition. It also provides interventions to reduce these factors and improve mental health.

Risk factors for depression in
men

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Depression refers to a common illness worldwide. It creates a mental impact on every
individual, whether men or women. There are various symptoms which can be there with men
and women and can be different which may appear due to getting sad are angry. It has been
observed that men during depression experience emerging as an angry or aggressive instant of
being unhappy. So, it can be said that being angry or having aggressiveness can be one of the
main symptoms of depression within men. Men with depression may have their emotions and
may seem to be irritable or angry, aggressive, and may feel very tired and lose interest and
family or hobbies. In this, there is a need to ensure the proper diagnosis of all the symptoms of
depression in men. There is a need to ensure about the various key factor which is essential and
may lead an individual to get in depression. There are some of risk factors, which may include
personality, medication or substance use, family history, chronic stress, and poor nutrition. The
purpose of this research is to identify various risk factors which can be impactful and lead to
create depression within men (Gorham et. al., 2021). This can enable to find out the solution
through different interventions our strategy to fight against those risk factors that have higher
chance of treating depression in men.
MAIN BODY
Family history
There is a chance of genetics which can play an important role in depression within a
man when there is a case of depression within close family members like siblings or parents.
There is a two to three times great higher risk of getting depression within men in comparison to
a person without having any family history. It can be concluded by exploring the connection
between family history of depression along with the presence of common genetic risk factors. It
can be determined that there is a higher risk of depression with an individual who has a family
history of depression. This may lead to create high impact and create a higher risk for getting
depression in men (Avasthi et. al., 2018). There is a systematic review that assesses the risk
factor which links depression and family history of genetics. Here, it can conclude that men with
a family history of depression within their close family members, like the parents of a sibling can
have a higher risk of getting depression. A similar systematic review has been conducted by the
Department of Mental Health that supports the predictive value of family history on mental

illness. This includes the longitudinal study that enables to delivery of information about family
history. This can be one of the main factors that may impact a man to get depression with higher
risk. In this, there is some evidence that includes management intervention can be effective and
can play an important role in the better care and management of depression within men (Rind et.
al., 2021). It also proposed that managing and exercising can allow individuals to take control of
depression. It may also suggest psychotherapy as a solution for men who are suffering from
depression.
Chronic stress
Getting little stress can be a good thing which may help an individual to get motivated
but due to high stress of workload and pressure for succeeding in early stage of life can create
chronic stress in men. This can lead to long-term stress, which impacts the whole individual life
due to interaction between retrieval and hypothalamus and adrenal gland. There is a systematic
review by Clin Psychol Rev. Depression can be the most prevalent factor that may form psycho
Pathology and may impact 17% of men within their lifetime. Here, using longitudinal study, it
can deliver information that to taking so much stress can lead to creating depression within men
which is higher than the woman (Wang et. al., 2019). Having a responsibility to manage work-
life balance and ensure success in early life leads to create a higher risk of getting depression in
men. There is another systematic review that also proposes that high-performance anxiety lead to
creating depression within men. This may be due to their workload managing their work-life
balance, performing their role in the family as supreme and others which is effective and may
lead to creating a higher risk of Depression (Huang et. al., 2022). There is a need to implement a
strategy that can be effective and help men to reduce their chronic stress. This may include
breathing exercises, meditation, and practicing mindfulness activity. This can enable men to take
care of their health and reduce the risk of getting chronic stress which may lead to Depression
(Sari and et. al., 2019). There can also be used of getting more sleep and setting a realistic goal
and using time management techniques can enable men to take care of their chronic stress and
my life better life.
Medication or substance use
According to a systemic review of Marta Torrens, medication and substance use are one
of the risk factors of depression within a man. This medication is highly used for drug abuse that
can create a negative impact on the individual. This can also create a different negative health

impact and various consequences that can lead to creating a depression (Mochrie et. al., 2020),
when any substance, including prescribed medication, is abused which is known as substance-
induced depression. This may occur actively use of a substance that is experienced in
intoxication or withdrawal. Some medications are commonly associated with substance-induced
depression, which may include depression, interference, and many others. There is another
systemic review of resources and information that alcohol or substance use disorder can lead to
creating depression within men, which is highly associated with substance dependence. This lead
to creating a dependency of individual on any substance. In this, there is a need to provide better
treatment of depression and should ensure that individuals should not suffer substance abuse.
There are many patients of depression who are alcohol dependent or have substance use disorder.
Here, anti-depression medication like serotonin reuptake inhibitor provides a positive impact and
refers as a best treatment modality for Depression (Esmaeelzadeh et. al., 2018). So, it can
conclude that patients with substance use on medication usually suffer from treatment-resistant
depression. In this, the depressive symptom can help reduce recurrent substance abuse. This is
the longitudinal study which are associated with depression as substance use from pre-treatment
in men. There are various reasons which are associated that medication or substances can be used
to create depression within man. This is the one in which men get attracted to use of any
medication in the wrong way. This creates a dependency on the drug. Due to this, they don't feel
good and may demand of that medication on a regular basis. This can lead to creating a negative
impact on their mental health and leads to Depression (Nishith et. al., 2022). It has been observed
that there are a need to provide anti-depressant, which can be effective and work as an
intervention of depression. Due to medication of substance abuse, this anti-depressant
medication can be highly helpful for individuals and men with depression to get over substance
abuse.
Personality
There is a systematic review that includes the depression has given an increasing
consideration of stress and possible complex and reciprocal relations for depression. It includes
stress and increases the risk of depression which increases stressful events and influences
individual personality. This provides various risk factors like interpersonal, vulnerability,
personality, and negative cognitive style. This is effective and leads to creating a depression
within man (Son et. al., 2018). There is another systemic review which is associated with a

health care professional. It delivers information that personality trait is one of the main factors
which can create a mood disorder and impact individual life, especially men. There is a high role
of personality traits in depression which has evidence that suggests negative emotionality,
consequences, and extraversion emotionality. This includes personality characteristics that can
lead to creating a depression in a variety of pathways where implications for prevention and
prediction to provide better treatment response and guide better personality to get rid of
Depression (Riaz et. al., 2021). There are various reasons which are associated with personality
for treating depression in men. Due to behavior and personality, many men like to perform things
in a different way which leads to creating pressure and stress. This is the pressure that can create
a negative impact and the confidence level of men. Due to not being able to perform well, create
a had difficulty for individual and impact their personality. Due to maintaining their personality,
may lead to creating some sort of depression among men. This can indicate that personality
which can be risk factor of depression in men which, can create a negative health impact and
should be considered as a high concern. There is also a need to provide intervention that can lead
to create a positive health impact on an individual, especially on men. This is a longitudinal
study of personality which can lead to create depression among men. There is a need to provide
recovery from depressive episodes and provide healthy control through applying a better
approach in conducting the longitudinal study (Nikčević et. al., 2021). This can help to recover
when personality measures have normal during the depressive episode, but after recovery, it will
suggest to better health of an individual through separate personality barriers. There is a need to
provide personality preventive intervention that can be effective and reduce the incidence of
depressive disorder among men. There can also be the use of universal selective and medicated
approaches, which can have high focus on lack of personalized focus and provide better
treatment than prevention.
Poor nutrition
Poor nutrition is another risk factor for depression in men. Many people have the
information that in nutrition and depression have an interrelationship where nutrition deficiency
can impact physical illness and depression. It is strictly biochemical-based or emotionally rooted.
In this, there is a noticeable food pattern that can influence individual mindset and can lead to
Depression (Kwan et. al., 2019). Due to poor appetite, dominant desire for sweet food can
emerge discipline shedding it and influence human cognition and emotion and behavior. There is

a systematic review by B. N. Ramesh, which influence that it has been evaluated that there are
some of the deficiencies of nutrition, minerals by the Omega 3 fatty acid can lead to creating an
individual suffering from a mental disorder. Due to the deficiency of these nutrients, there are
many supplements which are containing amino acid that has found to be reduced symptoms
because they are converted to neurotransmitters that elevate depression and other mental health
problems. So, nutrition can play an important role in impacting individual depression in men.
There is another systematic review that informed that there is a significant influence of nutrition
on individual mental health, especially depression. There is a link between diet and mental
health, which is generally can occur due to poor memory, fatigue, and depression. Poor diet and
lack of nutrition are associated with an indication of depression due to poor nutrition (Jung et.
al., 2019). Poor diet and unusual diet is not getting proper vitamins and nutrition that are
effective and provide better mental health. Due to poor nutrition, individuals may face various
mental disorders, which may include depression. So, it can be said that poor nutrition can be a
risk factor where intervention is highly associated with delivering better mental health to every
individual, especially men. Fish oil and Folic acid supplement can be effective and can treat
depression successfully. It can reduce the response to anti-depressants where vitamin 12,
Selenium, zinc, iron can be more common among depressed men and depressed people. In this,
there is also a need to also maintain good nutritional food and diet that should reduce the impact
of poor appetite and fulfill a specific need for nutrition to get better mental health and get rid of
Depression (Okun et. al., 2018).
Ethical consideration.
The report consists of various ethical standards is maintained in order to to keep the
anonymity of individuals and gain the vital information that is necessary for the report. In
addition to this, it involves confidentiality, as well as voluntarty participation in order to esnure
all indiovudal are willing to proveide the information required in an ethical manner.
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion, it can be concluded that there are various factors that are
associated and can impact individual mental health, specially created depression among men in
the UK. There is a need to ensure that different studies and systematic reviews imply various

reasons and factors that support the evidence of treating depression in men. This also includes
different risk factors like poor nutrition, personality, medication or substance use, chronic stress,
and family history. This also includes intervention that can enable to reduce these factors and
provide better mental health and help an individual to reduce and get rid of the risk of depression
in men.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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elderly. Indian journal of psychiatry, 60(Suppl 3), p.S341.
Esmaeelzadeh and et. al., 2018. Examining the association and directionality between mental
health disorders and substance use among adolescents and young adults in the US and
Canada—a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of clinical medicine, 7(12),
p.543.
Gorham and et. al., 2021. Clinical utility of family history of depression for prognosis of
adolescent depression severity and duration assessed with predictive modeling. Journal
of Child Psychology and Psychiatry.
Huang and et. al., 2022. Monophosphoryl lipid A tolerance against chronic stress-induced
depression-like behaviors in mice. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology.
Jung and et. al., 2019. Poor nutritional status among low-income older adults: Examining the
interconnection between self-care capacity, food insecurity, and depression. Journal of
the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 119(10), pp.1687-1694.
Kwan and et. al., 2019. Cognitive frailty and its association with nutrition and depression in
community-dwelling older people. The journal of nutrition, health & aging, 23(10),
pp.943-948.
Mochrie and et. al., 2020. ADHD, depression, and substance abuse risk among beginning college
students. Journal of American college health, 68(1), pp.6-10.
Nikčević and et. al., 2021. Modelling the contribution of the Big Five personality traits, health
anxiety, and COVID-19 psychological distress to generalised anxiety and depressive
symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of affective disorders, 279, pp.578-
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Nishith and et. al., 2022. A test of self-medication hypothesis for drug use in homeless persons:
the role of severe mental illness. Journal of Social Distress and Homelessness, pp.1-8.
Okun and et. al., 2018. Poor sleep quality increases symptoms of depression and anxiety in
postpartum women. Journal of behavioral medicine, 41(5), pp.703-710.
Riaz and et. al., 2021. Neuroticism and Introversion: The Personality Predispositions to develop
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Rind and et. al., 2021. DEPRESSION IN YOUNG ADULTS: FREQUENCY OF DEPRESSION
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Sari and et. al., 2019. The best predictor of anxiety, stress, and depression among
institutionalized elderly. International Journal of Public Health Science, 8(4), pp.419-
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Son and et. al., 2018. Impacts of type D personality and Depression, alone and in combination,
on medication non-adherence following percutaneous coronary
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