Techno-Economical Assessment of Rooftop Photovoltaic Systems in India

RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING PRACTICE
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Most regions in India have very high potential for the production of energy from the solar
system. The realization of this particular potential is an alternative to the over reliance on the
fossil energy that is imported. This practice will further lower the emission of carbon IVoxide
gas into the atmosphere. It important to note that with the introduction of the photovoltaic (PV) a
lot has not changed since there is still laxity to have it completely adopted. This has been
undermined by the context of properly subsidized prices of electricity, high cost of installation of
equipment, shortage of information, training and experience of handling the PV
technology(Byrne et al 2015).”Polar directions Inc.” company has put specific measures in the
manufacturing and use of the Rooftops in many regions in the country.
In the last decade, the development and research on the photovoltaic energy has been supported
by both the state government and the central government. This particular study presents a
techno-economical assessment of the use of the recently enacted laws that supports renewable
energy in the country. The assessment further shows under what conditions and types of
consumers will much profit are realized in the use of PV technology as per the context of the
law.
The analysis has been supported by a participatory approach of planning that focuses on the
attention of the stakeholders. The results of the project and the economic analysis will assist in
the provision of the relevant recommendations that are aimed at increasing the level of adoption
of PV in the entire region.

INTRODUCTION
Energy planning system plays a very crucial role for the incorporation and promotion of the
renewable energies into the matrices of nation. It also plays a major role in the development of
solutions for the access of energy at all levels locally.Their importance have been shown by a
wide variety of countries including China and India. In the recent years, the topic has played very
significant role in many countries since different policies of the public on environmental and
social inclusion are being implemented.
The most common laws and strategies are meant to promote use of RE.Renewable energy (RE)
refers to the energy that is generated from sources that are considered natural and that are
constantly being replenished. Such energy may include the following; geothermal heat, wind,
water, tide and other forms of biomass. Such kind of energy cannot be exhausted and are
constantly renewed. In this particular study, focus has been put on one of such sources which are
the solar energy. This kind of energy is tapped using a rooftop photovoltaic power station which
is commonly known as rooftop PV system(Harberts et al 2013).
A rooftop PV system refers to a photovoltaic system that has solar panels for generating
electricity mounted on the rooftop of a residential structure. Some of the commonly known
components of such systems include mounting systems, cable, photovoltaic modules, electric
accessories and solar inverters. The systems of rooftop mounts are normally small compared to
ground mounted systems of photovoltaic in the stations. In the residential places, the capacity of
the rooftop PV system ranges between 5 to 20 kilowatts. There has been tremendous growth of
the photovoltaic market in the United States in the previous decade. This is a robust technology

that has potential since it is both geographically dispersed and scalable. The commonly available
articles have explained how the PV production has increased by over 48% each year for two
years hence becoming the world’s fastest growing technology for energy.
METHODS AND DISCUSSION
The research was extensively done on areas that were considered potential for the use of PV
rooftops. A proper guideline that led to generation of specific answers was generated as indicated
in the survey table.
Area of study Location Description Power demand in KW
Residential one Lala estates Single family <190
Residential two Nomad structures Single family >170 and <500
Residential three King palace buildings Single family >500 and <701
Residential four Residential flats Single family >701 and <1400
Commercial industry Industrial area Business blocks >1401
Commercial industry Industrial area Commercial blocks 2000 -18000
Commercial industry Industrial area Business center 10500-19000
Table 1:survey table for research.
Technological advancement in solar PV rooftop system
How solar panel works
When photons hit a solar cell, they collide and knock electrons loose from their atoms. Electrical
circuit is created if conductors are attached to the positive and negative points of the cell. Flow of
electrons through such circuit’s leads to the generation of the electricity. Several cells make up a