Operation and Project Management: A Case Study of Sainsbury's

This report discusses the operation and project management of Sainsbury's, a UK-based supermarket chain. It covers the implementation process of operation management, lean principles, continuous improvement plan, and six sigma. The report also describes the project management life cycle and its stages. The continuous improvement plan is discussed in relation to the principles of operation management. The report concludes with recommendations for improvement. Course code and college/university not mentioned.

OPERATION AND THE PROJECT
MANAGEMENT

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................4
PART 1............................................................................................................................................4
Introduction of the chosen organisation......................................................................................4
Explain the operation and the operation management ...............................................................5
Review and critique the implementation process of the operation management in context
with the chosen organization: .....................................................................................................5
Describe the operation management of the organization which meet the demands of the
organization.................................................................................................................................6
Describe the Lean principle, the continuous improvement plan and the six sigma and its effect
.....................................................................................................................................................7
Continuous improvement plan in relation with the principles of the operation management....9
Describe the effect of the continuous improvement plan:........................................................10
Recommendations: ...................................................................................................................10
PART 2..........................................................................................................................................11
Project title:...............................................................................................................................11
Case study overview: ..............................................................................................................11
Describe the stages of the PLC: ...............................................................................................11
Describe the tools of the project methodology.........................................................................12
Describe the role of plc in the project development:................................................................13
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
Operation management is the planning, controlling and monitoring of the overall process
of the business or nay organisation. The main objective of the operation management is to
enhance the capabilities of the organisation in order to meet the demands of the customers. The
project management is the set of practice which use the resource of the organisation and enhance
the capabilities of the organisation in completion of the specific task (Hinsch, 2020). The
operation management process started in the business from the raw materials to the final delivery
of the products and services. The operation and the project management is very helpful process
which is associated with the different mutual task in order to gain the productivity of the
organisation. The given report has chosen the Sainsbury's for describing the different concepts of
the operation management. The Sainsbury's is the supermarket in the United Kingdom and deals
with the groceries, homewares, electricals, clothings and Manny more items. The report has
described the different concepts like lean principles, six sigma for describing the operation
management of the Sainsbury's company(Ali and et.al., 2021). The report has also described the
project management life cycle for proper understanding the different phases of the project
management.
MAIN BODY
PART 1
Introduction of the chosen organisation
The report has taken the Sainsbury's which is the the largest supermarket of the United
Kingdom is the public limited company. This company is the retailing which had established in
the year of the 1869. The founder of the Sainsbury's is the John James Sainsbury's. The company
has the 1428 shops which includes the supermarkets, hypermarkets, superstore, convenience
shop. The Sainsbury's has divided its branch intone there categories which includes the
Sainsbury's supermarkets, Sainsbury's banks and the Sainsbury's Argos (Todoro and Akbar,
2018). The estimated earning of the Sainsbury's is seven hundred nine million dollar as per the
report of the 2021. The company sell the groceries, cloths, home wares items, financial services
and many more. The Sainsbury's has provided the good quality of products and services to the
customers and increased the brand value of the company at the global level. The number of
peoples who serve the Sainsbury's is approx the 180000 as well as the company provides its

products and services to the approximately 3.2 billion people on the daily basis. The existence of
the company has established in the market by increasing their performance level in the
marketplace.
Explain the operation and the operation management
Operation: This is the set of practice which manage the inner work of the business and
increase the efficiency of the business. The operation is the very important part in business which
regulates the function of the business as well as also control the different mechanism of the
organisation. The operation focus on the production, service, distribution and the management
process of the organisation (Wilshaw and Wallace, 2019). The operation consist of the different
parameter which includes the procurement, production, quality assurance as well as the customer
services.
Operation management: The operation management is the process of the converting the
raw materials into the finished products and services. This is very important aspects of the
business organisation because it increase the productivity of the business. The operation
management also includes the inventory management for controlling the stock of the
organisation. The inventory management manage the raw materials, components and the finished
products. The operation management also focus on the logistic management for enhancing the
supply chain management (Zhang and et.al., 2020).
Operation management context with the Sainsbury's:
The Sainsbury's provides the good quality of the products and services as per the
demands of the customers in the marketplace by using the different methods of the operation
management. The company has developed the total quality management, financials and the credit
card services, Just in time management in their operation management programs. The operation
management help the company in increasing their service portfolio for utilising their resources in
order to get the products and services of the good quality (Zhao and Li, 2019).
Review and critique the implementation process of the operation management in context with
the chosen organization:
Operation management process of the chosen organization:
The operation management process of the Sainsbury's consist of the four stages for
production and the delivery of the final products. The first stage increase the feasibility of the
operation management. The second stage focus on the execution process by managing the

resources. The third stage of the operation management supervise the all process and regulates
the risk and enhance the implementation process. The fourth stage of the operation management
includes the different practices which is essential for the growth of the company. The fourth
stage increase the profitability of the organization by providing the different training facilities to
the employees.
Strengths:
The operation management focus on the harmony which increase the strength of the
organization. The strengths of the operation management process of the Sainsbury's are the
better cooperation, team management, agile methodology, mass customization, lean production
and the flexible specialization (Hu, He and Ma, 2020). The Sainsbury's provides the best
cooperation to the team member and increase the efficiency of the employees in the organization.
The company has to focus on the team development by organizing the different activity, seminar.
The methods of the operation management increase the implementation of the different process
in very effective way.
Limitation:
The operation and the project management process is limited to only the manufacturing
and the production industries. The operation management process not apply to the ready made
industries because the ready made industry do not show the development of new products and
services (Prasad and et.al., 2022).
Describe the operation management of the organization which meet the demands of the
organization
Objective of the Sainsbury's:
The main objective of the company Sainsbury's is to develop the best quality of the
products and services in the market as per demands of the customer for increasing the profit of
the organization. The company has used the total quality management principles for enhancing
the quality of the products. The company also focus on the cost reduction process so that the
products and services can be available to the reliable rates in the markets. The cost reduction
process increase the profit margin of the company and also reduce the extra expense of the
company in the production and the advertisement. The different management process has been
applied by the company for decreasing the invest of the company.
Role of operation management in the Sainsbury's:

The operation management principles assist the Sainsbury's company from the initiation
of the products to the final delivery of the products in the markets. The company has used the
total quality management principle for enhancing the service portfolio of the organization. The
financial services of the operation management help the organization in proper utilization of the
resources in very efficient way. The different strategic operation management also helpful in
increasing the potential of the workforce. The company has also used the data management
principles in the operation management process for tracking the whole sell of the business
(Angenendt et.al., 2018). The Sainsbury's has also maintained the data of the material supply as
well sell and purchase records which is beneficial in identification of the net income of the
company.
Describe the Lean principle, the continuous improvement plan and the six sigma and its effect
Lean principles:
The lean principle is the process of reducing the waste materials in manufacturing and the
production of the products and services. The organization follow the lean principles in order to
increase the efficiency of the organization by decreasing the cost of the production. The lean
principles reduce the wastage and enhance the proper utilization of the resources. The lean
principles also increases the team work in the organization and provides the cooperation to the
each and every employees of the organization (Mouzas, 2022). The lean principles also increase
the interaction of the organization to the clients and the stake holders. The lean principles which
has used by the Sainsbury's are described below:
Identify the values: This principles focus on the quality of the products and services for
increasing the brand value of the products and services in the markets. The Sainsbury's company
has used total quality management for increasing the quality of the products and services. The
main goal of the Sainsbury's company is to provides the goods and services as per the demand of
the customers for increasing the customer base.
Mapping of the value stream: This principles provides the way to the business for
identify the eliminating factor and creating value factor. The company Sainsbury's has focused
on the operation which is helpful in the elimination of the not useful steps from the operation
management. With the help of this stage the company has added different value added steps to
the operation management for increasing the profitability(Mason and Knights, 2020).

Flow management: This stage utilize the resource for increasing the efficiency of the
business organization. The Sainsbury's company has used the Just in time and the supply chain
management for increasing the productivity of the company. The company has also provides the
proper training facilities to their employees for increasing the performance of the employees on
the workplace.
Pull establishment: This steps increase the production process of the organization by
proper utilization of the resources. The Sainsbury's company has used the logistic management
for maintaining the inventory of the organization which increase the quality of the products and
services.
Methods of the Lean production:
The different types of methods has used by the organization for reducing the wastage and
increasing the productivity. The Just in time methods save the time and increase the efficiency of
the people to complete the task in specified time. The Kaizen method used the different methods
for increasing the productivity of the organization. The Kanban method assist the organization by
decreasing the shortage of the organization in the inventory by improving the different process in
the operation. The Andon method help the organization by alert them in time of the operational
problems(King, 2019).
Methods in context with the Sainsbury's:
The Sainsbury's company has used the Just in time, Kaizen and the Kanban methods of
the lean principles for proper operational management. These methods help the company by
enhancing the stock control. These methods has increased the gross value and sell of the
company in very efficient way. The Sainsbury's has used the Kaizen methods for improving the
productivity and enhancing the sustainability in the continual improvement process. The Just In
time process also focused on the targeted activities of the organization and assist the employees
in completion of the task at given time period.
Six sigma effect:
The six sigma is the process of analysis of the statistics and data of the organization for
decreasing the errors in the process. The six sigma increase the cycle time in the organization by
reducing the defects in the manufacturing and the production. The different tools which is used
by the six sigma are the supply chain management, total quality management, Enterprise
resources planning, quality circle and many more. The supply chain management provides the

effective management strategy in the supply chain process. The quality circle enhance the
capabilities of the person to deal with the similar task. Bench marking is the way of boosting the
employees by increasing the positive comparison (George and et. al., 2022). The total quality
management tools focus on the quality of the products and services by monitoring the overall
process. The internal process of the organization has regulated with the help of enterprise
resources planning.
Principles of the six sigma:
Customer focus: This principle of the six sigma focus on the quality of the products and
services for increasing the customer base. The Sainsbury's company has utilized their resources
and used different methods for developing the products and services of the best quality.
Identify the root cause: This process help the Sainsbury's company to identify the
associated problem and root cause of the problems which create hindrance in the proper
operational management of the company. This principles also help the Sainsbury's to focus on
the solution of the associated problem (Liutkevičienė, Rytter and Hansen, 2022).
Reduction of the variation: This steps reduce the fluctuation and the challenges of the
organization. The Sainsbury's has used different steps for reducing the variation in the company.
Team work: This principle of the six sigma help the company or organization in
enhancing their objectives. The team work increase the productivity of the organization. The
company Sainsbury's focus on the team work and also provides the comfortable and healthy
work place to the employees so that they can shared the common goals in the organization in
very effective way.
Flexible approach: This step provides the flexibility to the organization and also help
the organization to accept the changes in management. The Sainsbury's company accomplish
their goals by using the different flexible approach of the organization (Adria and et. al., 2019).
Continuous improvement plan in relation with the principles of the operation management
Continuous improvement plan and their application:
The application of the continuous improvement plan follow the different stages. The
different stage help in the proper implementation of the different methods of the continuous
improvement plan which includes the bench marking, total quality management, enterprise
resources planning, Kaizen, Kanban and many more. The first stage help in the identification and
understanding of the changes of the organisation for increasing the feasibility study. The second

stage implement the plan on the small scale for understanding the type of changes in the
organisation. The third stage focus on the result of the change management. The fourth steps is
the action process which focus on the plan implementation on the large scale after the success of
the small scale plan (Gupta, Ahmadi, and Kumar, 2020).
Describe the effect of the continuous improvement plan:
Explanation of the applied theory:
The different theories has been used by the Sainsbury's which increase the effectiveness
of the continuous improvement plan. The different steps are helpful in the implementation of the
theories. The first steps is the commitment which is helpful in creating the awareness of the
employees in the organisation towards their goals. This step also enhance the capabilities of the
employees to perform the shared goals. The second steps focus on the objectives, mission and
the vision of the organisation. This stage increase the different strategy which monitors the
overall function like resource management, utilisation of the resource and the workforce,
customer satisfaction and many more for increasing the profitability of the business. The
Thetford stage focus on the analysis of the whole procedure. The fourth steps based on the
performance of the operation management. This step targets the customer by ensuring the best
quality of products and services (Sony and Naik, 2019).
Relevance to the Sainsbury's:
The implementation of the continuous improvement plan has increased the productivity
of the Sainsbury's by increasing the quality of the products and services. The continuous
improvement plan of the Sainsbury's company has enhanced the relationship of the organisation
and the employees as well as also increased the positive relationship of the organisation to the
stakeholders and the customers (Vasconcelos and et.al., 2018). The company has used the six
sigma and lean principles methods for minimising the wastage in the operation management. The
continuous improvement plan also reduce the investment which increase the cost reduction
process. The company has increased the employees satisfaction by increasing the team work
while customer satisfaction by increasing the quality of the products.
Recommendations:
The Sainsbury's company has to more focus on the total quality and supply chain
management for increasing the quality of the products and services. The Sainsbury's should use
the benchmarking process for enhancing the proper utilisation of the resource. The company

should increase the logistic management and the inventory management for enhancing the
facilities of storing, selling, management of the raw materials and the finished products. The
logistic management will help the company in controlling, implementation, storage of goods and
services. The Sainsbury's company has to also enhance the data management process for keeping
the record of all the process and enhancing the security of the organisation.
PART 2
Project title:
The title of the project is the food and the good health which has developed by the
member of the project programme. The project has developed for providing proper healthy food
to the employees in order to reduce the absenteeism. The project is based on the development of
the catering services for ensuring the home made healthy food to the staff. The main aim of the
project is to enhance the healthy life style of the staff which ultimately increase the involvement
of the staff in the workplace.
Case study overview:
The case study has described the area of manufacturing sites where more than 1250
employees are working. The employees faces many problems on the construction sites because
there is no catering service in the premises. The work of the staff affect in the lunch time because
of gathering of the staff in the premises. The manger has developed the project programme office
for developing the catering services in the premises of the manufacturing sites. The report has
described the change in the operation management programme of the organisation so that the
catering service could be developed in the premises. The report has mentioned the role and
responsibilities of the member of the project programme office in the development of the
catering services. The report has also incudes the different specific plan which has used by the
member of the project programme office. The objective of this projects to provide the healthy
food to their staff for increasing their efficiency in the workplace (Nandakumar, Saleeshya and
Harikumar, 2020).
Describe the stages of the PLC:
Project initiation: The project initiation stage focus on the information and the details of
the project and also describe the objectives of the projects. This methods focus on the needs of
the business, budget and the stakeholder participation for identifying the proper information

regarding the projects. The project initiation also describes the objective, scope and the milestone
of the projects. The objective of the project is to developed the catering service in the premises
for ensuring the healthy diet to the employees. The scope of this project is to create the
awareness of the healthy food among the employees. The milestone enhance the way of
improvements and the modification in the project development process. The time estimated for
the completion of this project is about 6 months while the budget has estimated approx 20
millions (Alkunsol and et.al., 2018).
Project planning: The project planning is the second step which focus on the budgets,
resources, risk management, procurement and many more. The project planing also focus on the
proper communication skills and the quality for increasing the proper utilisation of the resources
and better outcomes of the projects. The project planning for this project is based on the proper
utilisation of the resources with minimum wastage and the development of the employees by
providing the proper training programs (Dong and et.al., 2019). The member of the project
development team has divided the project into different segments for reducing the waste and
increasing the quality of the outcomes of the projects. The project has developed the quality
planning to monitor the supply of the raw materials.
Project execution: This is the third steps in the project development process which
describes the issue log and the performance data. This steps updates all the information and focus
on the documentation process for identifying the mistakes and keeping the previous work record.
This stage describe the documentation process of the deliverable products so that the rectification
of the errors can be done in the proper way (Monaldo, Nerilli and Vairo, 2019).
Project closure: This stage review all the process of the project management cycle. This
stage also focus on the quality of the products. This stage review the all process and record the
work of all the people who are involves in the project like the stake holders, employees,
employer, mangers and the suppliers (Aijaz and et.al., 2022). For the succession of the project
the post implementation review has also organised by the project manger in order to successful
completion of the project.
Describe the tools of the project methodology
Agile methodology:
The agile methodology is the process of managing the project by spiting the project into
the several parts. This method decrease the chance of the errors because this focus on the

continuous improvement process. The breaking of the project increase the efficiency of the
workers. This method also increase the collaboration with the stake holders and the suppliers
which increase the performance of the team and the organisation (Harris, 2021). The agile
methodology also develop the data driven system for correction of the errors in the project
management cycle.
Pros of the agile methodology in context with the project:
The customer satisfaction, better Corporation, fast and the frequent delivery, continuous
development, better interaction are the different pros of the agile methodology. The customer
satisfaction has been developed in the agile methodology by providing the best quality of
products and services to the customers. The continuous development process provides the
different techniques for enhancing the project development and reducing the bugs of the markets.
The better cooperation process enhance the team work for completion of the work on the time.
The better interaction increase the positive relation between employee and the employer. The
fast and frequent delivery increase the trust of the customers and decrease the loop of the
markets. The agile methodology handle the project in accurate and correct way by regular
improvement of the project (Brewer and Dittman, 2018).
Cons of the agile methodology:
The agile methodology is not useful in small scale projects because it this methods is
very expensive. The lack of documentation, intensity, expertise, are the different cons of the
agile methodology. The lack of documentation arise in the agile methodology because this
process are split into the different parts and decrease the accuracy and the documentation
process. It is very difficult for the project manger to monitor and specify the each stage of the
projects. The expertise decrease the bugs of the project by developing the different strategic
decision. This is very difficult process to find the expertise of each and every stages (Vraštil and
Matoušek, 2021). The expense of the agile methodology is very high because this stage needs
more alternation process. The alternation of the process increase the more consumption of the
resources. The agile methodology has the lack of intensity which decrease the strength of the
projects.

Describe the role of plc in the project development:
The project life cycle is the way of structuring the all phase of the project to increase the
effectiveness of the projects. The project life cycle increase the relation to the stake holders and
the suppliers which increase the efficiency of the project management. The project life cycle also
increase the communication which is helpful in the better interaction and better cooperation of
the employees in the project work (Rosa and et. al., 2021). The better communication also help
the mangers to make the strong and positive relationship with the employees which increase the
trust of the employees towards the organisation. The project management cycle also track and
keep the record of each and every phase of the projects, the tracking process help in the
rectification of the errors. The project life cycle also focus on the expense of the project and help
the project in decreasing the expense by properly budgeting the projects in very accurate manner.
This process also increase the progressive evolution which structures the proper way of the
project delivery. The project life cycle monitors the project and also help in the management and
the acquisition of the projects. This stage also review the pre and post implementation process
by initiation, planing, execution and closure of the project (Sharma and Bawa, 2020).
CONCLUSION
As per above report the operation and the project management assist the business in
targeting their goals which increase the productivity and profits of the any organisation. The
report has described the operation management of the Sainsbury's company. The lean principles
and the six sigma has described in this report which enhance the theoretical and practical scope
of the organisation. The report has also described the project management and their different
parts which help the project in the completion. The project initiation, planning, closure and many
more steps has mentioned in this project for describing the different aspect of the project in very
effective way. Furthermore, the report has described the agile methodology, which is the process
of breaking the projects into several compartment for decreasing the bugs and the errors and
increasing the efficiency of the employees. The report has also described the pros and cons of the
agile methodology. The project life cycle is the effective way in the development of the project.
The report has also included the role of the project life cycle.

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