Security and Privacy Issues in IoT

Security and Privacy Issues in
IoT

Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................1
Smart Environment..........................................................................................................................2
Smart & Privacy Issues in Smart Environment...............................................................................3
Smart Transport /Traffic System.....................................................................................................3
Smart transport / traffic system....................................................................................................3
Smart transport / traffic architecture:...........................................................................................3
Smart Health Care System...............................................................................................................6
Architecture.................................................................................................................................6
Security issues.............................................................................................................................7
Privacy issues...............................................................................................................................8
Solution for issues........................................................................................................................8
Smart City........................................................................................................................................9
Smart City architecture................................................................................................................9
Security issues in smart city......................................................................................................10
Privacy issues in smart city........................................................................................................11
Solution of discussed security and privacy issues of smart city................................................11
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................12
References......................................................................................................................................13

Introduction
The internet of things refers to system of interconnected computing devices, digital and
mechanical machines, animals, people or objects which are being rendered with unique
identifiers as well as possess ability for transferring data over network without any kind of
human-to-computer or human-to-human interaction (Al‐Turjman, Zahmatkesh and Shahroze,
2019). It is a concept of interconnecting devices to internet and with other devices. It illustrates a
giant network for connected people as well as things all of which data is being collected and
sharing data related with way they are being utilised. They are being embedded with software,
sensor and other technologies for exchange of data with other systems and devices. Technology
connecting things to internet are accomplished through the existence of three components: they
include analytics & applications, connection & infrastructure and physical devices & sensors.
There are various challenges which have to be accomplished for encouraging higher
growth rate of IoT and furnish opportunities for having competencies along with capacities. They
are infrastructure (smart cities, intelligent transport system, ubiquitous health care and many
others), data & information, security & privacy and ecosystem. It is necessary to acknowledge all
these challenges in an effectual manner so that desired results can be attained (Alhalafi and
Veeraraghavan, 2019). When interconnected devices join IoT ecosystem then wide range of
security tests are applied for exposing IoT vulnerabilities to ensure that security aspects are
known. The major threats with respect to this involves: threat posed through compromised
devices, communication link and master. In order to ensure integrity when data is in-transit while
travelling through IoT cloud hosting, it has to be encrypted within the network layer for
prevention of interception. In addition to this, stored data must be in active-active mode and to
avoid data theft seamlessly encryption can be applied. An IoT application denotes prebuilt SaaS
apps which are liable for analysing and presenting sensor data to business users through
dashboards.
Smart environment refers to link with computers and other smart devices with respect to
everyday settings as well as tasks. It is crucial to identify the loopholes along with challenges so
that appropriate security measures and policies can be formulated with respect to that. This
report comprises of security and privacy aspects associated with smart environment along with
smart transport, smart healthcare system and smart city. Along with this, each will be discussed
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in context of security and privacy issues. Furthermore, solutions for handling those are being
mentioned. A brief overview will be provided with respect to these three concepts.
Smart Environment
Envisions of future in which multitude of systems are seamlessly embedded within day to day
objects of physical world is referred to as smart environment. This comprises of all kind of smart
world activities which involves continuous working for making lives of inhabitants much more
comfortable (Alloghani and et. al, 2020). It is an intelligent agent which perceives state of
resident as well as physical surroundings through the usage of sensors as well as acts on
environment by making use of controllers in such a way that peculiar performance measures are
being optimised. The designing of smart environment software algorithms leads to track location
as well as activities associated with hazardous conditions. Smart environments can be captured
by making use of distinct media on the basis of target environment. They embody this trend
through linking systems as well as other devices to day to day settings. It is defined as one that is
able to acquire as well as apply knowledge related with environment and adapt to their
inhabitants for improvisation of experience. The major feature which is being possessed by smart
environment is degree of autonomy, adapting to altering environment as well as interact with
humans within natural manner. Intelligent automation leads to reduction within amount of
communication needed by inhabitants, minimise utility consumptions along with potential
wastages (Alshohoumi and et. al, 2019).
Advancements within technical areas has made smart environment possible along with
different interaction solution for IoT devices. They are classified into two components: general-
purpose Constrained-Node Network (CNN) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). The
highly and numerous heterogeneous solutions which renders unlike features as well as
performance trade-offs. All smart environments are liable for collection, processing along with
this acting on distinct peculiar smart environments at wide scales. Furthermore, vertical domains
(like smart city/health) comes with diverse needs which creates an impact on tactics related with
how as well as where data is being processed along with ways to act on data in a peculiar context
(Amaraweera and Halgamuge, 2019). Apart from this, there are various kind of environment that
evolve: some vertical domains are being evaluated as well as opt for new technologies in faster
pace (such as smart health or home), while others involve (like smart city and factories). For this
it is necessary to handle legacy systems. This leads to complications within choosing interactive
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