Pathogenesis and Nursing Strategies for Acute Exacerbation of Asthma

Short Answer based on one case study
of acute life-threatening and or
traumatic complex health condition

TABLE OF CONTENTS
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
QUESTION 1. EXPLAIN THE PATHOGENESIS CAUSING THE CLINICAL
MANIFESTATIONS WITH WHICH POPPY PRESENTS...........................................................1
QUESTION 2 NURSING STRATEGIES.......................................................................................2
Sit Poppy in a High Fowlers position.........................................................................................2
Apply and titrate oxygen.............................................................................................................2
QUESTION 3. ASSESSMENT FOR EACH MEDICATION........................................................3
Salbutamol via nebuliser.............................................................................................................3
Hydrocortisone IV.......................................................................................................................3
Ipratropium Bromide via nebuliser.............................................................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

MAIN BODY
Poppy is a 9 year old female who has worsening respiratory systems. She is unable to talk within
full sentences. She has been given nebulised Salbutamol with 6LPM of O2, IVF. Poppy has
been acknowledged to the ICU because of her deteriorating respiratory function and has
also been diagnosed with acute exacerbation of asthma disease.
QUESTION 1. EXPLAIN THE PATHOGENESIS CAUSING THE
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS WITH WHICH POPPY PRESENTS.
Asthma is considered to be as the long term inflammatory disease associated with the airway
of lungs. It is also characterized as various set of recurring symptoms and variables. The parental
disease associated with the Asthma are Obstructive lung disease. The key symptoms mainly
includes dyspnoea, wheezing, cough and chest tightness. One of the key characteristics
associated with the asthma is associated with the airway inflammation which eventually leads to
airflow obstruction. The Poppy in turn tends to have key symptoms associated with the Poppy
are speaking of the single word and the airway is also clear. Poppy in turn is also exposed to the
accessory muscle use, tracheal tug and shoulder shrugging on inspiration. The key symptoms
associated with the asthma are dyspnoea, wheeze, cough and chest tightness. There seems to be
airflow limitation which eventually results in various sets of physiological changes which are
usually irreversible. The key reason associated with the shortness of breath in Polly is mainly
associated with various irritants like chemical fumes and extreme weather conditions. In asthma,
the airways in turn tends to largely respond to the various exaggerated way associated with the
inflammatory mediators like irritant, allergen and various other set of triggers such as cold air,
pollution, respiratory infection, etc. Some of the prominent mediators which are released at the
time of acute allergic asthmatic period are histamine, leukotrienes, interleukins, prostaglandins
and nitric oxide (Mechanisms and Management of Asthma Exacerbations, 2018). Acute
exacerbation of asthma tends to eventually result in contraction of the bronchial which
eventually narrows down the airway in response to the exposure to the various set of irritants and
allergens. Acute exacerbation of asthma leads to the shortening of the breath. Asthma in turn is
considered to be as the chronic inflammatory disorder within the air passage of Poppy.
Inflammation of the airways in turn largely contributes to the limitation in the airflow,
respiratory systems, airways hyper- responsiveness and disease chronicity (Zahran & et.al.
(2018)). There are high degree of persistent change which eventually results in mucus
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