Vodafone Plc Financial Analysis

This assignment requires you to analyze the provided balance sheet for Vodafone Plc. You need to examine key financial ratios and trends to assess the company's financial health and stability. The analysis should provide insights into Vodafone Plc's assets, liabilities, and equity.

Small Business Enterprise

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Profile of 4Com with identification of its strengths and weaknesses ..............................1
1.2 Analysis of business using comparative measures...........................................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
2.1 Overcoming the identified weaknesses of business.........................................................5
2.2 Ways to enhance existing performance............................................................................6
2.2 Ways to enhance existing performance............................................................................7
2.3 Areas of expansion ..........................................................................................................8
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................9
3.1 Assessment of objectives and Plans.................................................................................9
3.2 Revise in Business Plans to incorporate changes...........................................................10
3.3 Action Plan.....................................................................................................................11
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................12
4.1 Impact of Changes proposed..........................................................................................12
4.2 Managing the changes....................................................................................................13
4.3 Monitoring improvements in the performance...............................................................13
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Small business enterprise is a privately owned business which has relatively small
number of people employed and has a smaller sales volume. Small enterprise is the one in which
number of employees are not more than 50 and turnover should be under 10 million euros.
Various examples of such are retail stores, bakeries, small scale manufacturing, internet related
business and restaurants. There lies a difference between entrepreneurship and small scale
business. It is because; these businesses may or may not offer an innovative product to the
market (Abebe, 2014)The strengths and weaknesses of the company will be analysed. The
various ways in which the weakness can be converted into the strength will be studied as well.
Revision of the business objectives and plans will be done Changes will be incorporated on to
the organisation and impact will be monitored effectively.
TASK 1
1.1 Profile of 4Com with identification of its strengths and weaknesses
The 4Com is one of the emerging telecommunication provider in UK. Established in
1999, today business employs around 250 people (Acs and et al., 2013). The company caters the
carrier and broadband needs of the people. The company excels in providing cost effective
carrier and data services across UK. Identification of strengths and weaknesses is crucial for
every firm. It helps in identifying the areas that are performing well for the firm as well those
which are to be improved to enhance the productivity of organisation. The analysis has been
conducted to identify the strong features and non performing areas for 4Com.
Strengths
 Best company to work for
 Stable environment
 Excellent customer service
 Strong sales team
 Sales promotion activities/ pricing
 Better cable equipment
Weaknesses
 Unstable finances
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 Less market coverage
 Heavy competition
 Lack of rural network access
 Poor marketing
Assessment of strengths and weaknesses bring out the areas which have a scope of
improvement such as the area coverage of 4com is very less (Barber, J., Metcalfe, S. and
Porteous, 2016). So, enterprise should focus on these grounds and make plans according to it.
The pricing is the strong suit of the company and can get maximum benefits out of it. Working
on these grounds will help an enterprise to perform better in the market and sustain for long
period of time. The competitor of 4Com are performing at international levels and carry
abundant resources with them.
1.2 Analysis of business using comparative measures
Analysis of the business is a way to find out the performance of the business. This is
conducted on regularly basis to assess how good a business is performing. This analysis can be
carried out by using various tools such as Budgeting, KPIs and comparative ratios (Blenker and
et. al., 2012).
Balance sheet
It is a document which lists down the assets and liabilities of the company. This
statement is used to assess the performance of the company in monetary terms . It illustrates the
net worth of the company. The balance sheet is the most crucial component in the finance
department used to illustrate the financial standing of the business (Carraher and Paridon 2015).
Ratio Analysis
It is an analysis of the information stored in the books of accounting. It takes into
account the various items such as balance sheet, income statement and cash flows. It is a major
tool of analysis used to evaluate the company's financial operations. The ratio are used as a tool
for comparison. The ratio of a company compared with the ratio of other company which later is
used to measure the variances between the two. The ratio commonly preferred are current ratio,
debt equity ratio, dividend payout ratio etc.
The ratio analysis of Vodafone Plc
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It can be analysed from the balance sheet of Vodafone Plc is that they are facing a decline
in the revenue of the company (Di Domenico and Miller, 2012). The company have lost its
market share to its leading rivals Giffgaff and O2. The gross margin and operating income of the
company are same as the last year.
The balance sheet of 4Com Plc
2015 2016
Fixed assets 15,000 12,000
Current assets
Stock 7,000 18,000
Debtors 12,000 36,000
Bank 1,000 0
20,000 54,000
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Balance Sheet 1: Vodafone Plc

Less Current liabilities
Creditors 6,000 15,000
Bank overdraft 0 10,000
6,000 25,000
Working capital 14,000 29,000
Net Assets 29,000 41,000
Financed by capital
Opening capital 22,000 29,000
Add net profit 30,000 35,000
52,000 64,000
Less drawings 23,000 23,000
Closing capital 29,000 41,000
The ratio analysis for the 4Com Plc are:
a) Current ratio = current asset / current liability
2015 2016
CR = CA / CL = 20000/ 6000 = 54000/ 25000
= 3.33 times = 2.16 times
the current ratio of the company shows that they can pay off their debts with the help of the
current ratio. But there is decline in the position since last year (Ciampi and Gordini 2013).
 QUICK RATIO (ACID TEST) = CURRENT ASSET – inventory/current liabilities
2015 2016
Q r= CA– INVENTOR / CL
=20000– 7000/ 6000 =54000-18000/25000
= 2.17 = 1.44
this shows how good a company is doing its operations to meet its financial requirements in the
short run. This data proves that there is a decline in the quick ratio compared to the last year.
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TASK 2
2.1 Overcoming the identified weaknesses of business
When it comes to business, weaknesses can be defined as the disadvantage or a weak
point. It is the non performing part of business which hinders the operations of the business.
There are various tools which help in identifying the weaknesses in organisation and enterprise
must derive its resources to overcome hurdles in performance of business. The biggest weakness
of 4Com is lesser coverage area. This weakness does not let the business perform in a manner
they want to. Company should adopt various techniques to market expansion to overcome this
imperfection (Draycott and Rae, 2011).
Intensifying Strategy
This is one of the most preferred expansion strategy. This focuses on increasing the
existing market share of business through aggressive marketing of product. 4Com focuses on the
urban areas of UK and should try to gain customers in that particular market with adoption of
tempting marketing techniques such as sales promotion activities, advertising and price cuts.
Another two techniques are product and market development.
 Market development emphasizes on the product entering into new unexplored market
with the existing line of products. Example: expansion of rural areas. Product development means developing or innovating new products for the existing
markets or may go for a new market for increasing the customer base. Example:
Broadband services can be a new product for 4Com (Gorgievski, Ascalon, and Stephan,
2011).
Diversification Strategy
This strategy is focused on the internal environment of company. Diversification can be
entering into new markets with differentiated product concerning with varied skills and
technology. The diversification can be divided into mainly two segments: Horizontal Diversification: This focuses on the enterprise entering in new markets with
product relating to existing product line. 4Com is entering into the market with
broadband services. Concentric Diversification: This involves entering into segments which are indirectly
related to the existing product line. 4Com launches a mobile handset which is indirectly
related to their carrier services.
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Modernising Strategy
This strategy is comparatively less preferred by the businesses. It focuses on the up
gradation of existing fixed resources such as plant or machinery. This is one of the costliest
method which helps a company in improving the output such as call quality, stability and call
switching (Kaushik and et al., 2012).
Integration Strategy
This growth/expansion strategy focuses on the integration of activities performed in a
firm which gives it a better outlook. The resources a firm possess can be utilized properly and
result in expansion of business operations. The integration is of two types: Horizontal Integration: It involves company entering into business which is closely
related to its existing operations. The telecommunication company enters in to the mobile
segment is an example of Horizontal Integration.
 Vertical Integration: It focuses on collaborating or taking over a firm which supplies the
input. Forward integration refers to the 4Com integrates its operations with a mobile
manufacturer and perform jointly for the purpose of market expansion.
2.2 Ways to enhance existing performance
Maintaining and strengthening the performance is an ideal task. The enterprise after
identification of its strengths and weaknesses focuses on how existing level of performance can
be improved and the way drawbacks of organisation can be turned into its core competencies. To
improve the level of operations, an enterprise requires resources such as finance, technology and
various inputs (Lambert and Davidson, 2013). To fulfil all these requirements, an enterprise can
opt for strategic alliances. It is a collaboration between two companies so that they can share the
knowledge, resources, skill and technology. This can be crucial when a business is looking to
maintain or improve the existing level of operations. If 4Com collaborated its operations with
Vodafone, the amount of resources and finance will be abundant for it to expand its market share
and operate at a larger scale. It will also have a favourable impact on the brand awareness of
firm. The ideal circumstances for a business are success, stability and constant development and
strategic alliance can facilitate the same.
Finance is the other major area of concern which is responsible for performing all major
functions such as procuring raw material, carrying day to day operations and marketing
activities. Strategic management can help a business to attain competitive advantage in the
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market. In an alliance, the resources and finance are equally invested. It involves risk sharing in
case of failure of one business.
Another crucial technique is that they can avail the funding schemes by government. The
government of United Kingdom is spending every pound out of three in funding SMEs. The
government is allotting central government projects to such enterprises which help them to carry
bigger share in the revenue. This increase in revenue can provide them the financial stability in
market and can protect them from mammoths in the telecommunication industry. The
government has spent whopping 26% of funds on the development of small and medium sized
enterprises. The prime focus of government is to provide them with a stable financial
environment so that they can operate in an effective manner.
2.2 Ways to enhance existing performance
Maintaining and strengthening of the performance is an ideal task. The enterprise after
identification of its strengths and weakness focuses on how the existing level of performance
can be improved and how the drawbacks of the organisation can be turned into its core
competencies. To improve the level of the operations a enterprise requires resources such as
finance, technology and various inputs (Longenecker and et al., 2013). To fulfil all these
requirements an enterprise can opt for strategic alliances. It is an collaboration between two
companies so that they can share the knowledge, resources, skill and technology. This can be
crucial when a business is looking to maintain or improve the existing level of operations. If
4Com collaborated its operations with Vodafone the amounts of resources and finance will be
abundant for it to expand its market share and operate at a larger scale. It will also have a
favourable impact on the brand awareness of the firm. The ideal circumstances for a business are
success, stability and constant development and strategic alliance can facilitate the same.
The Finances are the other major area of concern and which are responsible for
performing all major functions such as procuring raw material, carry day to day operations and
marketing activities. Strategic management can help a business attain competitive advantage in
the market. In an alliance the resources and finances are equally invested it involves risk sharing
in case of failure of one business (López Salazar, Contreras Soto and Espinosa Mosqueda, R.,
2011).
The another crucial technique is they can avail the funding schemes by the government.
The government of United Kingdom is spending every pound out of three in funding the SME's.
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The government is allotting the central government projects to such enterprises which helps them
to carry bigger share in the revenue. This increase in the revenue can provide them the financial
stability in the market and can protect them from the mammoths in the telecommunication
industry. The government have spent whopping 26% of funds on the development of the small
and medium enterprises. The prime focus of the government is to provide them with a stable
financial environment so that they can operate in the effective manner (Mason and Brown,
2013).
2.3 Areas of expansion
For development of the business it is necessary to expand into new areas or sectors of the
market. The critical factors are to be analysed such as level of competition, market research and
assessing of business's performance. Expansion is need to be carried out in a efficient manner so
that the business can get maximum benefit out of it.
The business which is already growing at a rapid scale and carries a full- fledged
marketing team can now discover some unexplored segments such as Mobile handsets. The
business at present works with other mobile manufacturer on the contract basis such as iPhone,
Sony and Samsung. The business should venture into the mobile manufacturing segment for the
purpose of Development. For its operations solely in the UK the company is offering 30%
savings when coupled with the mentioned smartphone. It is evident that the market today are
driven by the smartphones and data connectivity. The business house should conduct a
preliminary market research to understand the requirement and the factors of the ecosystem.
With the use of frugal innovation or forming an alliance with a mobile handset maker the
business house must launch its own range of smartphone with extra data benefits so that looks
like a complete deal to the consumers (Mason, 2015).
4Com has its own customer base in the market and carry its own brand image. So
consumers satisfied with the services will definitely opt for the newly launched product of the
enterprise. The sales of the handset in the market are most in 49 to 99 euros. Giving special
emphasis to this fact the business should launch a product in this price ranger or cheaper and
should carry all the feature which the competitor are offering. Since 4Com is a small business
enterprise therefore it is difficult for the company to fund such a big venture. The enterprise can
collaborate with Binatone to cater the smartphone segment in an efficient manner.
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TASK 3
3.1 Assessment of objectives and Plans
Business objectives refers to the targets which a business have to achieve in a specified
duration of time. These objectives are influence by the vision of the company. 4Com wishes to
be the best telecommunication service provider in the country (Mitchelmore and Rowley 2013).
To achieve the vision the objectives will be formulated such as market expansion and customer
satisfaction.
The objectives of 4com are:
 Cost effective carrier services
 Customer satisfaction
 Better services then competitors
 25% Market share
The goals are further classified into three broad categories:
Employee's Vision
The goals for the employees of the organisation is to provide a good environment to work
in. the another goal considering employees is to hire the the suitable people in the organisation to
be the best in the market. The company has won an award of the “Best place to work” this year.
This proves that the rapid increase in the performance is the contribution of the dedicated work
force.
Customer Vision
It is very crucial to keep in mind the customers. Customer are the most crucial component
of the business. They help the organisation to attain its objectives. The business should always
focus on exceeding the expectations of the consumer (Olszak and Ziemba, 2012). 4Com provides
its consumers with cost effective carrier and data services which ensures that they get the best
quality services without making a hole in their pocket. The company must maintain a desirable
list of it clients for the purpose of staying in touch and for their retention with the company.
Shareholders Vision
Shareholders are the individuals and financial institutions who possess a certain amount
of ownership of the company in exchange for their finances. The shareholders want a company
to be profitable in the financial manner. They want a company to grow or achieve its targets to
enhance its brand value which will have a direct impact on them. The company have won
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numerous awards such as best company 2016, National business Awards UK (Raposo and Paço,
2011).
The company is focusing on installing FTTP (fibre to the premises) which focusing on
switching from copper to fibres. This will increase the speed of data at homes. This technology
will definitely help in gaining more customers as well as positive change in the stability and
quality of services.
3.2 Revise in Business Plans to incorporate changes
Business plan defines what the business intends to do in the coming future. Plan refers to
bridging the gap between where we are and where we want to be. They define the direction in
which a business is heading. However there needs time to time assessment of the business plans
considering the changes or circumstances in the market. Changes in the field will also
incorporate changes in the business plans as well. The company was planning to install FTTP in
its broadband services and now they are venturing into handset field. That will divert the
resources from one field to another (Sharma, Chrisman and Gersick, 2012).
The business will now have a changed outlook because there will be a research team
conducted to understand the market situations. The think tank of the company will be activated
and prototype will be developed. As it is an alliance which will require the highest level of
integration so that the processes are carried out in an efficient manner. The financial resources
will be allocated in varied department. Their is no specified team for developing a product but
now there will be a team assigned which will work together will the team of Binatone for
developing a market preferred product. The product will also require a dedicated marketing team
to advertise the product at the right places. There needs to be discussion on the competitors
product and the features they are offering. The company will have to either go with frugal
innovation or can focus on rebranding of the product. All these activities will be time bound so
the business have to also decide the time on which the product to be launched in the market.
There will be various responsibilities assigned to employees keeping in mind their capabilities.
The goals of the organisation should be SMART:
S-specific: the goals should be specific and does not involve any if or buts. The goal of
the company is to cover 25% of the market. Which is specific so that the employee should know
on what factors to work to achieve the same.
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M-measurable: the goals mentioned should be in quantitative terms and the employee
should be able to measure them. The target to achieve 25% market share is measurable therefore
an employee can control and monitor it for the purpose of attainment.
A-attainable: the goals should be attainable and not a far fetched dream. Because goals
provide the motivation to the employees to achieve the same. If the goals are unrealistic they will
bring the morale of the employees down (Southern, 2011).
R-relevant: the goals should be relevant to the vision and objectives of the company. The
goal of 25% coverage of market share is relevant to the vision of the company as they are
catering to the telecommunication needs of the people.
T- time bound: the goals provided to the employee should have an time limit with them
as it helps an employee test its potential and patience while fulfilling the goals of the company.
3.3 Action Plan
Action plan focuses on describing how the goals will be achieved. It is a blueprint that
lists down the activities in an order which will assist in achieving the goals of the company (Van
Der Wijst, 2012). The action plans are divided into three broad categories are:
Specific Tasks: these are tasks which are to be done by mentioned individual.
Resources: these are the resources to be allocated to specific activities.
Time: a time is defined in the action plan which describes the ideal time taken to accomplish a
goal.
TASKS Responsibility Resources Time
Drafting a Plan
Methodology to obtain
information
Resource Planning
Cost and time
estimates
Recruitment
Marketing techniques
and scope
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TASK 4
4.1 Impact of Changes proposed
Changes in the business plan will invite changes in the complete functioning of the
organisation. The changes are not only confined to the business operations as they affect the
external ecosystem of the company. These incorporated changes in the environment of the
company can help obtain competitive advantage over its rival firms.
Listing some of the anticipated changes in the organisation.
Finance
The finance is the most affected area in the new venture of the company. It can have a
favourable outcome if carried out systematically. The company requires abundant financial
resources to fulfil the requirement of arranging and implementation of the business plan. To
build a new handset requires arranging the inputs and production function (Wang and Altinay
2012).
Changes in role and responsibilities
The human resources of the enterprise will be assigned with different roles and
responsibilities. There will be an significant increase in the workload of the employees. New
teams will be recruited to look after the new activities in the upcoming venture. The no of
employees are very less in a SME and new venture will broaden the area of operations so the
business need to hire new competent people.
Organisational structure
There will be a complete transformation in the structure of the company. 4Com today
have a flat structure in which there is a CEO who looks after all the matters of the company. But
now as they are venturing into different segment altogether. The business need to create a
separate department for the same and requires integration of all the activities with the activities
of the organisation for its smooth conduct (8 steps to managing change, 2017).
Technological Changes
It is another biggest change in the organisation. It involves procuring latest set of
machinery to perform the tasks in an efficient manner. The changes in the technology invites
many changes in the business as well.
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Insecurity among employees
The phase of transition in an enterprise is not the ideal time for its employees. It involves
changes in the responsibilities and hiring and firing of employee. This phase spreads a feeling of
insecurity among the existing employees which bring down their morale and the productivity as
well.
4.2 Managing the changes
The small scale enterprises generally don't entertain business changes due to amount of
the risk involved. But changes in business are inevitable. An enterprise have to incorporate
changes in the business if they are planning to stay in the market for long. Changes in the
business are incorporated to bring positive outcomes in the field of productivity and environment
(Small Business Enterprise (SBE) Owned Business Definition, 2017).
The proposed changes in the business will have a major impact on the enterprise. The
company is now venturing into different segment of mobile manufacturing altogether. The
company will now manufacture smartphones which will help them cover a larger market area as
well as bring forward more profits. Until the changes are facilitated properly there will be small
decline in the performance of the employees as they are getting used to the change in the
business and policies. When they company stands its ground in smartphone segment it can easily
outperform its rivals. Employees when they fully absorb the change will start performing up to
their full potential in the company.
The introduction of changes makes the organisational more flexible and also helps in the
overall development of the employees. As they learn new ways of accomplishing a task. The
training is to be conducted on the existing employees so they have the adequate information and
skill onto the new venture and tasks are performed competently. There needs to be an open
environment in the organisation so that the changes in regard to implementation of change can be
put forward and resolved earliest possible. Changes invite wide range of positive modification in
the business but the management have to ensure that the integration between the new and old
staffs to be formed rapidly otherwise it will be a big reason leading to the downfall in the
performance.
4.3 Monitoring improvements in the performance
Monitoring the changes is the final step in the change process. This step focuses on the
implementation of change in an organisation. The change is monitored and prospects are kept
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updated so that they are in alignment with the action plan (Lamphere, 2011). The completion of
steps action plan makes an organisation to monitor the changes and analyse their effectiveness.
During the phase of implementation a there should be a contingency plan developed to handle
the variations arise. The CEO of the company has to make sure that changes conducted in the
organisation had a positive impact on the business not the other way around. This can only be
possible if the changes in the business are monitored effectively.
CONCLUSION
In this above report, it is clear the an small business enterprise need to understand the
micro environment factors for deploying the trade. For measuring the comparative performance
of organisation, various tools, technique, methods and such as balance sheet, loss and profit
account chart can be beneficial for the enterprise. A company can transform its weakness in the
strength by optimizing proper actions or method. This idea help the entity in building a
appropriate design or plans for the business aid in deployment of organization. This is easy to
access the positive as well as negative aspects for SME that is very significant to identify for the
development. By assessment of objectives and pans, proper use of SMART technologies and
managing the time, business planning and its implementation process can effectively implicate.
To control the growth and factors that factors the organisation, it essential to monitor then
performance y accurate administration of all activities used for the business plan.
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