Social Inclusion, Empowerment and Health

Running head: SOCIAL INCLUSION, EMPOWEMENT AND HEALTH
SOCIAL INCLUSION, EMPOWEMENT AND HEALTH
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1SOCIAL INCLUSION, EMPOWEMENT AND HEALTH
Introduction
The unavoidable differences that exists in the health status and the unfair differences
that are present between the groups, individuals and the population in terms of the health
status is referred to as health inequalities. However there in an increase in the average level of
the health that has occurred globally in the recent years, in spite of this there are health
inequalities existing the members of the state (Hatzenbuehler, Phelan and Link 2013). The
reason behind the inequalities might be attributed to the avoidable diseases and the deaths
which are quite unfair as they are involved in wasting the human capital and therefore steps
should be taken to reduce it. There is also a prevalence of social distribution in terms of the
health of the individuals which is all the more well documented in the countries with high
income. There is also a significant gap present in the strategies and the policies and programs
related to the prevention of the diseases. This paper aims to highlight the existence of health
inequalities with respect to the factors that act as the social determinants of health in terms of
social exclusion. Additionally the paper also elucidates the various theories of sociology
which are directed towards these determinants and help to explain the social exclusion in
terms of these factors.
Health inequalities
The process of globalization has led to the reduction in the gaps in the wealth and
income that is owned by the individuals. Due to the various social determinants of health
which has an influence on the health related behaviours. Several models have been developed
which are able to portray that how these determinants can be interlinked in addition to the
fact that how the social determinants of health are able to affect the health that lies beyond
the direct impact of the health care (Durand et al. 2014).

2SOCIAL INCLUSION, EMPOWEMENT AND HEALTH
The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion was the first international conference
that was conducted in the year of 1986, which acted as the primary response to the
expectations that were growing in relation to the health movement of the new public all
around the world. This involved health promotion as the primary agenda, which helped to
enable the people to increase the control over their health and to improve their health. The
need for the development of the Ottawa charter was mostly motivated by the desire to
improve the health of the various communities and also to reduce the social gaps and
economic gaps, which prevailed amongst the population within the nations and between
various countries. For the purpose of achieving the health promotion, the prerequisites of the
promotion plan needs to be met by the government though ensuring of the following
attributes like peace, education, shelter, stable eco-system and food-income and various
others (Braveman and Gottlieb 2014).
Saving Lives: Our Healthier Nation, was England’s long awaited public health
white paper, which highlighted the following aspects like choosing health over philosophy,
communications, child health and community health. Similarly the health and social care
act of 2012 implies the direct impact of the structure and delivery public health. According to
this the general practitioner (GP) along with their practise teams have an increased role which
is quite crucial role in the promotion of health and the prevention of the diseases. There were
certain changes made in the policy which helped to affect the population’s health and well-
being (Allen et al. 2014).
Social class
The social class of a person has an eminent impact on the physical health along with
the ability to receive enough health care and nutrition along with their life expectancy.
Although the factors like gender and race play an important role, however in explaining the