Operations and Project Management for Staff Individual Improvement Program at LS Manufacturing UK Ltd
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This report analyses the effectiveness of operations management principles and project life cycle in implementing a staff individual improvement program at LS Manufacturing UK Ltd. It includes an overview of the company and case study, application of lean principles, and recommendations for improvement.
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Operation and Project Management
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Contents INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1 PART 1............................................................................................................................................1 Analysing the introduction of the organisation............................................................................1 Analysing an explanation of operation vs operation management..............................................1 Analysing the implementation of operations management principles within an organisation....2 Analysing the extent in which the operation management of the organisation that meets the requirements of the organisation..................................................................................................3 Analysing the discussion of continuous improvement as a philosophy as well as describing the lean principles..............................................................................................................................4 Analysing a continuous improvement plan along with the justified recommendations for improvement................................................................................................................................5 PART- 2...........................................................................................................................................6 Project Title..................................................................................................................................6 Analysing the overview of the company.....................................................................................6 Analysing an overview of the case study.....................................................................................6 Analysing the explanation of each stage of the PLC that applies to the selected project..........6 Analysing the project methodologies and tools used...................................................................8 Reviewing and critically evaluating the effectiveness of the PLC in application to the project by using relevant theories models and concepts........................................................................10 CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12 REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13
INTRODUCTION Operations managements refers to the deals which help companies to systematically approach their daily and strategic business challenges(Ansah and Sorooshian, 2018). Whereas project management help companies to deal with their different operations such as planning, coordinating, organising and controlling for achieving their desirable goals in effective manner. The following report describes the effectiveness of operations management principles along with the concept of continuous improvement in an operational context. It further describes the application of the project life cycle as well as review and critique the application of the PLC used in the organisation. PART 1 Analysing the introduction of the organisation Unilever is a public limited company of UKwhich provides consumer goods in many countries. It is founded in 2 September 1929 by Margarine Unie and Lever Brothers and its headquarters is in London England. It is well knows as largest manufacturer of Soap in all over the world. Its products are available in 190 countries with over 400 brands. It is organised mainly in three divisions which includes Food and Refreshments, beauty and personal care along with the Home care. It sets its research and development team mainly in China, Netherlands, India, United States and United Kingdom. Analysing an explanation of operation vs operation management The basic aim of the operation and operations management is to utilize as well as manage resources of theorganisation that are crucial for the production or manufacturing of products and service effectively. Production management describes management of those activities that are essential for the production of products(Gao and Liu, 2019). Operations management refers to a step of production management which concerned with the manufacturing and distribution of products and services. Every enterprise has different operation functions which describes all those activities that are important in order produce and deliver goods and service to their customers effectively. Operations management are used to manage daily business activities that ensure in effectiveness and smoothness of different operation of the organisation. In context with Unilever, operations management ensure its management in order to find effective way that helps them to increase their productivity as well as satisfy its customers wants. 1
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An effective operation management help company to make proper employee engagement as well as defines their roles and responsibility in order to make them perform their work in effective manner. It will also ensure in correct budget allocation, right people in the right job and make them involved to their operation processes of the organisation. This will help management of Unilever to ensure that the deadline should met with their budget. Analysing the implementation of operations management principles within an organisation Operations management refers to the best method that help companies to control its all activities that are required in producing product or service(Goel and Agarwal, 2021). There are many principles exist related to operation management that are essential for the managers to apply in their organisation in order to get best outcomes from it. In respect of Unilever, certain principles related to its operations management are mentioned below: Reality- It is important for the operations managers of the company to focus on problems rather on techniques because in business organisation, no tools or methods exist that consist universal solutions of problems. This makes management of Unilever to focus on reality in order to solve problems that may arise while managing its different operations. Organisation-DifferentProcessesrelatedtomanufacturingofproductsare interconnected with each other. For this, it is essential for the operation manager to ensure that all elements are consistent and predictable which helps in achieving in the goals or objectives. This will make manager of Unilever to organised their all functions or processes properly. Fundamentals-It is important for the operation managers to know how to follow all main and crucial fundamentals in order to get effective success in production(He, Hu and Ma, 2020). This makes essential for the manager of Unilever to ensure the accuracy of BOMs, inventory data along with the other tasks also in order to achieve their target goals and objectives. Accountability- Themanagersof thecompanyshouldsetmetricsandrulesthat determines the responsibilities of other employees as well as regularly checked them in order to achieved their objectives. This help Unilever to manage accountability within an organisations that helps in achieving the goals and objectives. Causality- In organisation, problems can arise anytime even when employees and managers give their best efforts in operations. This makes operation manager to find the basic cause of the problems so, this will not affect the production any more. This will help manager of 2
Unilever to find effective solution to solve problems that may arise in operating their production functions. Managed passion- Employees morale has a direct impacts on the company's growth. This makes managers able in order to inspire their subordinates or other employees in order to give their best in their performance(Hu, 2021). This will help Unilever to improve their employees productivity and enhance their growth in effective manner. Humility- In any organisation, no one employees want to work with an aggressiveness. This makes important for the operation manager to position themselves as an ordinary people who does not know about every thing related to the operations and even can make mistakes also. This will help managers to manage humbleness in the organisation as well as maintain their growth in the market. Analysing the extent in which the operation management of the organisation that meets the requirements of the organisation Operation management refers to a process that help companies to plans, supervise and controls manufacture processes and delivery of service. It is most important for any business organisation because it assist them to manage, supervise and control different resources as well as goods or service effectively. Principles of operation management provides various benefits to management of Unilever, which are described below: Improve product or service quality- In operation management, the manager sets proper list of different processes as well as checklist for determining that every and each things are in order during the production process. They provide proper information of product or service needs and objectives(Kupila, 2020). This will help operation manager of Unilever to improved their products quality in effective manner. Provide effective customer satisfaction- This shows that the company's reputation are based on their customer review. It is important for all the organisations to retain their clients in effective and efficient manner. It is essential for the operation manager to ensure that their customer's needs or wants are satisfied with their provide or service. This makes manager of Unilever to provide effective customer satisfaction by the fulfilling their needs and wants from their products and service. Revenue Increase- By providing effective product or service quality and customer satisfaction, a company cam make their good reputation in the market. This will help them to 3
increase their customers and revenue in better manner. This will help senior executive of Unilever to increase their resources and technology or launch innovative products or service by the help of revenue growth. Competitive advantage-If company has better operations management plan which makes them ahead form other competitions. It is important for the company to manage and organise their internal as well as external factors in good manner which helps them to make good standing in the market(Li, Guo and Zhang, 2019). This will help Unilever to increase their competitive advantage effectively by managing their production processes. Compliance- It is important for an organisation to adhere some specific rules and regulation within their workplace. This will help Unilever to control any compliances as well as manage their organisation in lawful manner. Analysing the discussion of continuous improvement as a philosophy as well as describing the lean principles Lean improvement techniques is an important technique that encourage continuous improvement with an organisation which is based on the fundamental idea that are related to the people. This technique consist various of continuous experiments in order to achieve high value with zero waste. In this techniques, it consist various techniques that are important for the organisation in order to improve their working area efficiency. In respect of Unilever,the importantprinciplesof Leantechniquesthatareimportantforthemtotheircontinuous improvement are described below: Define value- It important for any organisation to understand as well as know the value of customers that makes them willing in order to pay for their product. It essential for any organisation to discover the latent or actual want or needs related to their customers(Liu, Zhang and Wang, 2021). This will help company to make their products in order to fulfil the needs of their customers and make them valuable. This will help of management of Unilever, to understand the customers want related to their products or service and what amount make them to willing for them. Map the Value Stream- This principle is based on the identification and mapping of the value stream. This principle use the consumer's value and preference that helps companies to identify all those activities that contribute to these values and preferences. The activities of a company that can not add value for the customers are well thought out waste. This waste are 4
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classified into twocomponents which described not valued but necessary and not valued and unnecessary. This assist management of Unilever to eliminate or reduce unnecessary activities in order to get ensure for meeting the customers want as well as reduce the production cost of their products or services. Create Flow- This makes company to flow their activities smoothly without any interruptions or delays after elimination or reducing waste activities. In this principle some specific strategies are included that help management of Unilever to ensure their valued added activities such as reconfiguration of production steps, breaking down steps, developing cross functional departments, levelling out the workload as well as trained employees to become adaptive and multi skilled. Establish pull- In any type of production function, inventory refers to a biggest waste for the organisation.The main objective of this principle is to bound the inventory and work in process items by ensuring that the required materials as well as information are present in order to make work flow smooth(Meyer, 2019). This will allows management of Unilever for Just in Time manufacturing and delivery in which they manufacture their products when it was needed by the customer most and along with their needed quantities. Pursue Perfection- In above all the principles, wastes are prevented and this steps included perfection for the manufacturing process that are considered most important from all of the above. This makes important for each employees to strive perfection in order to deliver products that are meets the customers wants in effective manner. This makes Unilever to become a learning organisation and always find effective ways to do better daily. This helps them to make their products highly valuable for their customers. Analysingacontinuousimprovementplanalongwiththejustifiedrecommendationsfor improvement By the application of operating management principles and lean continuous improvement principles with in an organisation helps them to create their products highly efficient and effective for their customers. Operation management principles assist company to create higher levelof efficiency level in order to satisfy their customer's need and wants(Paik, 2022). Lean continuous improvement principles describes the effective way of thinking that help company to create their customers needed value with the help of their fewer resources as well as less waste. The Lean principles are organised in an organisation for keeping the better understanding related 5
to their customers needs or wants that can be fulfil by the help of their products or services. The leanprinciplesallowsmanageroftheUnilevertoidentifyinefficiencieswithintheir organisation as well as deliver best value to their customers. All these principles helps them to create continuous improvement culture within their working environment by developing better flow in their different operating functions(Pu and Zhang, 2020). This will help them to gain various advantage such as competitiveness, reduction of production of cost, delivering highly valued products to their customers as well as increase their profitability. PART- 2 Project Title The title of this project is Staff individual improvement programmed which helps companies to improve their staff members health and make them effective and productive in order to perform their work in the organisation. Analysing the overview of the company L S Manufacturing UK Ltd is a manufacturing company located in Wolverhampton West Midlands that are specialised in manufacturing of other wearing apparel as well as accessories. It is a private limited company of UK and it is incorporated in 2003.Its line managers wants to improve their staff members health by providing healthy foods through their in-house catering to them with the help of the following project. Analysing an overview of the case study In this case study, it describes two important objective of the company that are essential for their overall performance. The first objective of this case study is to reduce the movement of the staff members in the company's premises during their lunch break timing because it create serious issues within a local area. The other objective of this case study is to health staff to create healthy lifestyle in the organisation that also considered their corporate social responsibility that helps them to reduce absenteeism of staff in the organisation(Skadsheim, 2018). The project member of LS Manufacturing UK Ltd analysed application of project life cycle as well as research methodologies in order to achieve these objectives. Analysing the explanation of each stage of the PLC that applies to the selected project The project life cycle described the framework of four important steps which is used to shows the starting to the end of the project. This will used to provide a structured manner to the 6
project manager that help them to create and finish a particular project in effective manner. This will provide a best chance to the project manager in order to complete their project successfully. In context of L S Manufacturing UK Ltd, the stages of PLC that helps them to execute their project that is staff individual development programmed are described below: Project initiating- In stage of project life cycle, it is important for the project manager to define about the project in which they have to sort out goals, scope and resources related to the project as well as identify the roles that are needed in the team. It refers to an important step for LSManufacturingUKLtdtomaketheirprojectthatisstaffindividualimprovement programmed successful(Sun and Yuan, 2021). This will make its project manager to make proper communication with their s8takeholders in order to understand their desired outcomes as well as purpose of the project. The tools and documents which can be used by project manager in this stage are project charter, project proposal as well as RACI chart. Project Planning- In this step, the project manager are needs to determine the certain steps that are required to complete the project in successful manner. The project manager are need to establish a proper budgets, milestones as well as timelines along with the sources of material and important documents. This will help project manager of LS Manufacturing UK Ltd tocalculateandpredictriskbefore,createchangesinprocessesaswellasoutlinethe communication protocols. The company can also use important tools in order to conduct this such as Gantt chart as well as risk register. Project Execution- This makes project manager to put their plan into action as well as keep their staff or team on track. This makes project manager of LS Manufacturing UK Ltd to measure and track the progress of their project, mitigate all risk, manage quality and budget along with this use proper and relevant data to defined their decisions(Wang, 2021). This will help them to record costs, keep their staff members influenced and motivated as well as keep their stakeholders more informed about the progress. The tools that company can used to execute their project such as change requests and Burn-down chart. Project Closure-This makes project manager to conclude all its project activities, which allows them to turn their final products to their owner as well as assess the things are going well or not. It describes the time in project members can celebrate their hard work. This will help project manager of LS Manufacturing UK Ltd to conduct retrospectives as well as takes notes related to the changes that helps them intheir future implementation. By the completion of 7
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project that is staff individual improvement programmed help them to improve their staffs health and performance by providing healthy food with the help of in-house catering. Analysing the project methodologies and tools used Porter's Quality Management This approach is used by many companies that helps its management to deliver overall quality of the company. The porter'svalue chain model is a collection of various activities that are conducted by the company in order to create value for its customers(Wibisana, 2021). With the help of research and development which helps them to create add values as well as increase competitive advantages. The company used this can improve its performance as well as reduce costs which helps them to create higher profitability for the company. This model help project manager of LS Manufacturing UK Ltd to provide high quality and healthy to their customers in order to improve their overall performance. Six Sigma approach Six Sigma approach describes some quality control tools that are important for the companies for eliminating the defects as well as improve their different processes that helps them to increase their profits in efficient manner. This makes project manager to focus on statistical improvement in their different operation process and provide qualitative measurements in order to get effective success. In this approach, its five important principles are used by the company for the execution of its in-house catering project that are analysing of main cause of the issue, maximizationofcustomersvalue,continuousprocessimprovement,coordinationand collaboration with team members as well as agility and versatility. Agile project management The agile project management approach refers to an most effective approach that are used to signifies the ability in order to move something forward in quick manner that allows project managertocreateeasychangesofdirection.Thiswillhelpprojectmanagertoshare understanding related to the process of project with their all concerned parties(Xiao and Zhanzhan,2018).Thiswillmaketransparencyintheorganisationwhichhelpsthemto communicate team work effectively. By the use of this project manager of LS Manufacturing can help its team members is to create an effective environment that helps to share their work progress with each other openly as well as freely. In this staff members are encouraged in order 8
to share ideas as well as challenges freely without feeling concerned that it effect the status of their project. Project Planning tools Project planning tools described different systems and methodologies that are designed to make their team members able to complete the short term as well as long term objectives of the projects. There are many tools included in project planning such as graphs and charts to track progress, repetition based approaches for testing and adjusting daily processes along with the other important actions for managing and improving progress of projects(Yap, Tan and Ching, 2018). In case of LS Manufacturing UK Ltd, the tools used for in-house catering project is Gantt chart which is used to describes different tasks of projects in bar chart. This helps to analyse the time which is needed to complete the task, how long it will take as well as status of completion. The following are the Gantt Chart related to in-house catering are described below: 9
Reviewing and critically evaluating the effectiveness of the PLC in application to the project by using relevant theories models and concepts. Performance management Performance management refers to an important tool related to corporate management that assist managers to monitor as well as evaluate its employees' performance(Zhang, Xue and Zhang, 2020). The main objective of this tool is to create an effective environment where employees are allowed to perform their work with the help their best abilities in order to produce high quality work in most effective as well as efficient manner. The most effective benefits and 10
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drawbacks of performance management that helps LS Manufacturing UK Ltd in their in-house catering project are described below: Benefits-The performance management provides an ability to the individual which makes effective and they does not require training in order to complete the task. This will also helpsthemtodevelopexperienceandknowsthattheyconductthemselvesformallyin completion of project. It provides fewer chances for the staff members in order to make blunders, thiswillalsohelpcompanytocreatemoreunderstandingaboutthetoday'sbusiness environment. Drawbacks- Sometimes, performance management create problems for the employees in order to take proper instruction. This will make some employees are not to be able in order to use modern technology in well manner. The employees in the organisation are highly expect respect from their manager. It can create hindrances in the progress of employees. Key performance indicators Key performance indicators is a combination of quantifiable measurement which used by the company in order to measure its overall performance. It is specially are used to determine the company's strategic, operational as well as financial achievements for comparing all of these with other company in same industry(Zhang and Fang,2019). The good KPI provides a clear information related to the progress of projects. It also helps company to track as well as measure company's quality, efficiency, performance, and timeliness. It also provides an effective way in order to measure their performance over time-period. It helps project manager to make more more informed decision. There are many key performance indicators exist that help company to measure their performance. The important key indicators that are used by the LS Manufacturing UK Ltd company are described below: Revenue growth-If the company's turnover and profitability are maximizing which shows that the project is create in effective manner. In respect of LS Manufacturing UK Ltd, it help its project managers to mark its project performance by using effective method. If their project helps them to acquire high amount profit, this implies that their in-house catering project is successful. Consumer and employees satisfaction- This will used to defines the high set of satisfaction of their staff members. It also used to effects the maximization of company's 11
presentation. This will help project manager of LS manufacturing UK Ltd to satisfy their consumers as well as employees needs in proper manner. Project monitoring and evaluation Project monitoring and evaluation are used to demonstrate the strategies after execution of project. In this case, the main objective of this project is to provide most healthy foods to the staff members. The top executives of the company supervise and monitor the performance of their staff members in order to make them effective in order to achieve their targets(Zhang and Min, 2019). The project managers of the company make their focus to analyse the problems that may occur at the time of implementation of strategies in the organisation. The company used effective methods in order to solve these problems and issues in order to make their performance more effective. CONCLUSION From the above mentioned report, it is concluded that operation and project management is too essential for any type of organisationbecause it helps them to solve different kind of issues that may occur while operating business in efficient manner. Operation management principles help companies to influence customer service, improve their product and service quality, increase competitiveness in the market as well as increase profitability and productivity. Continuous improvement make companies to provide highly valuable products to their customer in order to fulfil their needs and wants effectively. Project life cycle help companies to forecast, plan and control tools effectively and helps them to accomplish the objective of the project. Applicationofprojectlifecyclehelpcompaniestostructuredtheproject,createbetter communication, track progress, better project management as well as control cost effectively. 12
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