Statistical Methods in Epidemiology

Running Head: STATISTICAL METHODS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY
Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
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STATISTICAL METHODS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY
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Table of Contents
Answer to the question no. 1......................................................................................................2
Answer to the question no. 2......................................................................................................4
Answer to the question no. 3......................................................................................................5
References..................................................................................................................................8

STATISTICAL METHODS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY
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Answer to the question no. 1
( )i Histogram is a graphical method which shows the frequency distribution a
continuous variable, which is introduced by Karl Pearson. It is define with the help of some
bar but there is no gap between the bar or rectangles. It is used to show frequency
distribution. It is also shows a rough sense of the density function. The area of histogram
define probability density which is 1. In some cases a histogram is used as a simplistic kernel
density function. Which gives more accurate distribution of the variable. It is represented
alternative to the histogram that means it is represented by some set of boxes. But the
correlate variation of a kernel density is difficult to represent, while it is simple in histogram
in case of frequency distribution.
(ii) Given that a study involving a random sample of 36 sets of twin infants. One
member of each twin-pair is randomly chosen to receive diet A and the other diet B. The
one¬ month weight gain is measured for all 36x2=72 infants. In this case we wish to use
paired t-test. Because here there are two samples namely diet A and diet B and they are
related with equal size. Since the above the satisfied the above condition of paired t-test, so
this one is the appropriate test for the above data.
For construction of 95% confidence interval we require some measures. This
measures are average, standard deviation, sample size and Z-value. It has been given bellow
the above formula
X ± Z∗S
√ n
Here
X = Average
S= Standard deviation