Statistical Techniques for Hypothetical Studies

STATISTICAL
TECHNIQUES
STUDENT ID:
[Pick the date]

Independent Sample T test
STUDY 1
 This hypothetical study would aim to determine if there is any significant difference in the
average blood pressure of males and females.
 There are essentially two pivotal variables which are of consideration for the hypothetical
study. One of these is the gender of the participant while the other would be the blood
pressure.
 The data would be collected by measuring the blood pressure of the selected sample which
would be representative of the underlying population.
 The research question is stated below.
“Is there any significant difference between the mean blood pressure for men and women?”
 The statistical test that would be used in the given case would be independent sample t test. It
is imperative that the blood pressure for the two genders is independent since the blood
pressure of one gender does not impact the blood pressure of the other. A t test would be
appropriate since the population standard deviation for the two samples (Eriksson &
Kovalainen, 2015).
STUDY 2
 The key objective is to determine if there is any significant difference between the height of
boys and girls studying in 10th grade of a given educational institution.
 The two variables of interest would be the height of boys and girls which would be
compared.
 The data collection would be facilitated by randomly selecting 25 boys and 25 girls from all
the grade 10 students enrolled in the given education institution.
 The research question is stated below.
“Is there any significant statistical difference between the height of boys and girls in the 10th
grade of the selected educational institution?”
 Considering that the heights of the two genders is independent of each other and also the
population standard deviation is not known, the independent samples t test is an appropriate
choice.
STUDY 3
 The key objective of the hypothetical study is to outline if there is any difference between the
average monthly mobile phone bill of male and female employees working at a particular
corporate organization.
 The two variables of interest would be the monthly mobile phone bills of male and female
employees in the selected organization.

 The data collection would be facilitated through a questionnaire which would aim at
recording the latest monthly mobile bill for employees belonging to different genders.
Consideration would be made in regards to selection of sample so that the two samples are
representative of respective populations in terms of key attributes of significance (Hillier,
2016).
 The research question is “Is there any significant statistical difference between the average
monthly mobile bills of male and female employees of the selected corporate organization?”
 Considering that the monthly mobile bills of the two genders is independent of each other
and also the population standard deviation is not known, the independent samples t test is an
appropriate choice.
STUDY 4
 The objective of this hypothetical study is to determine if the performance of male and
female student in SAT exam in 2017 is significantly different from each other or not.
 The key variables which are required for the given test would be the SAT score of male and
female candidates appearing for SAT in 2017.
 In order to obtain the requisite data, a sample of 50 male and 50 female candidates who have
appeared in SAT in 2017 would be obtained through questionnaire. The selected sample
would be obtained based on stratified sampling as key attributes may influence SAT scores
(Flick,2015).
 The research question is “Is there any significant statistical difference between the average
SAT score of male and female candidates for those who appeared in 2017”?
 Considering that the SAT scores in 2017 of the two genders is independent of each other and
also the population standard deviation is not known, the independent samples t test is an
appropriate choice.
STUDY 5
 The objective of the hypothetical study is to determine if the average time for preparation of
drink 1 exceeds the time for preparation of drink 2 at a given café.
 The key variables for this test would be the preparation time for drink 1 and drink 2.
 For obtaining the requisite data, sample data regarding the preparation time of the two drinks
need to be collected from the concerned café.
 The research question is “Whether the average time for drink 2 preparation exceeds the
corresponding average time for drink 1 preparation”?
 Considering that the SAT scores in 2017 of the two genders is independent of each other and
also the population standard deviation is not known, the independent samples t test is an
appropriate choice

Paired samples t test
STUDY 1
 This hypothetical study would aim to determine the efficiency of a new cancer drug which
results in lower growth of cancer cells in case of pancreatic cancer.
 There are essentially two key variables for the given study i.e. incidence of cancer cells in the
infected pancreas before and after administering the drug.
 A sample of 50 patients which are representative of population of pancreatic cancer would be
taken and observations would be made through biopsy before and after the drug,
 The research question is “Is there any significant decrease in the concentration of cancer cells
in pancreatic tumor after administering the new drug?”
 Considering that the sample remains the same for both the observations, hence the paired t
test would be suitable especially considering that the population standard deviation is
unknown for the samples (Lind, Marchal. &Wathen, 2015).
STUDY 2
 This hypothetical study would aim to determine the effectiveness of the training program
with regards to job satisfaction.
 There are essentially two key variables for the given study i.e. job satisfaction scores
measured on a scale of 1 to10 before and after training.
 Considering that there are a host of factors at play, hence in order to determine the effect of
training program, for the same sample employees (size 50), the job satisfaction scores before
the training and after the training would be recorded through internet based survey (Medhi,
2015).
 The research question is “Is there any significant increase in the job satisfaction score after
the training?”
 Considering that the sample remains the same for taking the before and after readings, hence
the paired t test would be suitable especially considering that the population standard
deviation is unknown for the samples.
STUDY 3
 This hypothetical study would aim to determine the effectiveness of a new exercise regime
on stamina.
 There are essentially two key variables for the given study i.e. stamina before the exercise
regime and stamina after the exercise regime. This stamina would be reflected by the time for
which non-stop running at a minimum speed of 6km/hr can be done.
 As the stamina of the underlying person may be dependent on a host of factors(biological and
others), hence for data collection, the stamina recording for the selected sample of 50 people