Strategic Human Resource Management: Trends and Strategies

This document discusses the development and current trends influencing HR strategy, analysis of internal and external factors, evaluation of HR theories, and implications of changed management models.

Strategic human
resource management

Contents
Contents...........................................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1. Identification and explanation of the development and current trends that influences HR
strategy of an organisation...........................................................................................................1
P2. Detailed analysis and evaluation of both internal and external factors that influences the
practise and strategy of human resource......................................................................................2
M1. Detailed evaluation of the external and internal factors influence on various aspects........3
D1. Examination of the impact of contextual and external development by applying relevant
theories that are prevailing in the current scenario......................................................................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
P3. Examination and evaluation of different theories that carry a lot of importance for the
growth and development of strategies in HRM...........................................................................4
M2. Identification of the theories of human resources that are very crucial and critical for
every company.............................................................................................................................7
D2. Evaluation of theories of human resource with reference to the company mentioned above
.....................................................................................................................................................8
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
P4. Detailed elaboration of the changed management models and their implications so as to
support the strategies of HR........................................................................................................8
M3. Providing necessary justifications regarding the above change models that are explained
...................................................................................................................................................10
D3. Evaluation of the change management models...................................................................10
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................11
P5. Identification and explanation of the aspects that are used to measure and monitor HR
outcomes....................................................................................................................................11

P6. Identification, analysis, and evaluation of the effectiveness of the HR management that can
help in achievement of company’s objectives in the long run...................................................11
M4. Evaluating appropriate suggestions for different techniques of HR development............12
D4. Examination of the evaluating and monitoring techniques of the HR that can help a firm to
attain sustainability in the market..............................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Strategic human resource management is one of the most important as well as essential
aspect for each firm which is operational in the market irrespective of the industry in which it is
working as it is a process which is related to the future orientation of the business so as to
develop and implement different human resource programs that can help a company to grow and
prosper in the long run (Banfield, Kay and Royles, 2018). Clyde Travel Management Limited is
a firm which is established in the Glasgow city of the UK and its operational since a pretty long
time and thus has managed to capture a larger share in the industry because of this as it deals in
providing different services like flights and scheduling, railway and ferry bookings, reservations
of hotels, hiring of various cars, travel arrangements and management. In this report there is a
detailed discussion done about different development and current trends that influence a
company’s HR strategy and evaluating external and internal factors that impacts the working of
the above mentioned organisation. Apart from this the report also covers analysis and
explanation of various theories that are related with human resource management and
appropriate changes that can be made in the management models that possess a lot of value in
the current market situation. Further in this report measures by which results of the HR can be
measured and evaluation of the effectiveness of HR management so as to achieve growth and
prosperity is also done.
TASK 1
P1. Identification and explanation of the development and current trends that influences HR
strategy of an organisation
There are a number of different development and trends that impacts the strategy regarding
HR management as the present environment is highly competitive as well as dynamic in nature
so various companies tends to do a detailed analysis and research about all the aspect so that it
can help the firm to grow in the market. Since Clyde Travel Management Limited is a big firm
and thus there are various factors that carriers a lot of importance for the enterprise and all of
them are discussed below in detail-
 Manpower Diversity- As people from all over the world work together as a group and
thus diversity prevails in every organisation and in Clyde Travel Management Limited
too as it appoints different individuals by analysing their skill set and not the region from

which they belong and thus it helps the company to increase its profitability as all works
together as a team (Casademunt, 2016).
 Influence of Globalisation- It is a term given to an organisation which operates in
different countries and so as Clyde Travel Management Limited works as it helps in
expanding the business which results in increased market share.
 Advanced Technologies- It is very important to use updated and advance technology so
that it can help the organisation to beat the competition and Clyde Travel Management
Limited also uses improved technology that helps it in providing quality services to its
customers.
 Changing skills- It is very essential to upgrade the skill set so as to meet the changing
environment and fulfil the needs and requirements of the clients and Clyde Travel
Management Limited make necessary and appropriate changes in its HR strategy so that
it can help in achievement of the goals of the firm.
 Continuous emphasise on improving customer experience- Since customers are very
crucial for every firm as they can help a company to increase its sales and profitability so
Clyde Travel Management Limited focuses mainly on improving the experience of its
customers so that it can help it in gaining popularity in the industry.
P2. Detailed analysis and evaluation of both internal and external factors that influences the
practise and strategy of human resource
Both external and internal factors carriers a lot of importance as they are very crucial as
well as critical in the working of a business and all of them are elaborated in detail below with
reference to the firm that is Clyde Travel Management-
External factors- These involve aspects that impact the operations of the firm but are
external in nature like technological, economic, environmental, etc. and since Clyde Travel
Management is working on a large scale and thus all these factors possess a lot of value for it in
the current scenario and its different factors are explained below-
 Market Trends- As Clyde Travel Management operates in a dynamic business
environment and it influence the strategy that it makes regarding HR and thus it keeps a
tab on all the changes so that it can make necessary adjustments in its operations
(Denkova, Ananiev and Stojanovski, 2017).

 Laws- Since UK has very strict laws and Clyde Travel Management operates there only
and thus it is required to comply with all the laws and legal code of conduct in its HR
management so that it cannot hamper the strategy and its working in the long run.
 Environmental change- There are environmental changes due to the working of
companies and Clyde Travel Management offers its products and services keeping the
environmental factor in mind which is very crucial in the present time.
 Technological change- As there is an advancement in the technology every single day
and Clyde Travel Management also knows the importance of it and uses updated and
advanced technology to do its operations.
Internal Factors- These are factors which are internal in nature and thus directly affect the
working of the organisation like Clyde Travel Management and its different factors are explained
below-
 Availability of Funds- It is very important for a business to have sufficient and adequate
funds so that all the operations of the company can be done in an effective and efficient
manner. Clyde Travel Management provides sufficient finances to its HR department so
that it can function without any type of hurdle.
 Relation with Employees- Since it is very crucial to built an environment in which all
employees must feel connected with each other and Clyde Travel Management uses this
strategy to its HR department so that it can add value to the company in the long run.
HR generic strategies- It involves mainly three aspects that are discussed below-
 Cost Leadership- This strategy mainly focuses on improving the quality and Clyde
Travel Management gives a lot of attention to the quality of the services that it gives so
that it can prove beneficial for the firm (Ferreira, Mueller and Papa, 2018).
 Differentiation- In this a company ventures in different sectors so that it can earn
maximum profits and Clyde Travel Management also does the same so as to keep its firm
growing in the market.
M1. Detailed evaluation of the external and internal factors influence on various aspects
External factors carriers a lot of importance as it includes mainly all the factors that affects
an organisation and its strategy that is related with the human resource management. Clyde
Travel Management does a detailed research and analysis of all the factors so that it can cope

with up all the negative aspects and try to make it positive one so that the company can grow and
prosper in the industry.
D1. Examination of the impact of contextual and external development by applying relevant
theories that are prevailing in the current scenario
It is an essential factor to study all the development strategies in detail so that it can add to
the value of the firm in the long run and for a company like Clyde Travel Management it become
much more important as it is working on a large scale as compared to its competitors that are
prevailing in the similar market conditions (Foiji, Hoque and Khan, 2019).
TASK 2
P3. Examination and evaluation of different theories that carry a lot of importance for the growth
and development of strategies in HRM
There are a number of theories that are currently prevailing in the market but since Clyde
Travel Management is a big firm and thus needs accurate theories that can help it to grow in the
competitive environment and thus the important ones are elaborated below-
Maslow Hierarchy of needs- It is a need hierarchy theory in which needs are arranged in
a form of a ladder in such a way lower level needs when satisfied, gives rise to higher level
needs. It also says that satisfied need is never a motivator to an individual and behaviour is the
outcome of the need. Clyde Travel Management also uses this theory in the long run so that it
can help the firm to grow in the industry in which it is operational.
 Example- It can be seen in Clyde Travel Management that each employee is given a
specific position and status so that it can help everyone to relate with the company and
work towards the accomplishment of the goals that are laid down at the starting (Guest,
2017).

Herzberg factor- It is a factor that is classified into two groups that mainly states that
one aspect cause job satisfaction among employees while other cause dissatisfaction at the same
time and thus company has to make their decisions appropriately so that it can help it to grow
and for an enterprise like Clyde Travel Management it become much more important.
 Example- It can be understood that if an organisation improves its working conditions,
gives ample recognition, improved wages and salaries, etc to its employees that are
working for it like Clyde Travel Management has gives it tends to give them job
satisfaction as compared to a situation in which all these aspects are lacking resulting in
job dissatisfaction.
Theory X and Y- It is a theory that is related with human work management and motivation
as theory X includes supervision, rewards, and penalties, while theory Y includes job satisfaction
and approaching a task by a subordinate without a supervisor. Clyde Travel Management uses
both of them so as to do well in the dynamic environment since both are necessary in order to
achieve profitability in the long run.
 Example- It can be understood that Clyde Travel Management uses different theories on
different individuals according to the needs, requirements, and demands of the company
so that it can help it to accomplish the tasks in an effective and efficient manner (Haraj
and Hameed, 2019).

Nudge theory- It is a theory which is related with the most important aspect that is
human being as it determines the behavioural factor so that it can be influenced so as to improve
the conditioning of the company and Clyde Travel Management also uses it in an appropriate
manner so that it can add market value to the enterprise.
 Example- Since every individual has different set of behaviour so Clyde Travel
Management employs a team of experts so as to determine each and every aspect in detail
so that it can help the company in a positive way.

Flexible working arrangements- It is a method in which workers are given flexible
timings so that they can finish up a task according to their convenience and Clyde Travel
Management also use it as this helps in improving the relation between superior and subordinate
and also proves beneficial in the growth of the company.
Performance appraisal techniques- There are various techniques of performance
appraisal that are prevalent in the current market situation so that it can prove useful from the
firm’s point of view. Clyde Travel Management mainly uses psychological appraisals,
management by objectives, and assessment centre method to do performance appraisal of its
employees (Kowsuvon and Burgess, 2016).
M2. Identification of the theories of human resources that are very crucial and critical for every
company
Clyde Travel Management uses all the methods that have been evaluated below in an
accurate and precise manner so that it can prove beneficial and useful at the same time for the

firm which can help it to sustain in the market for a much longer time period as compared with
its competitors.
D2. Evaluation of theories of human resource with reference to the company mentioned above
All the theories that are discussed above have a positive impact on every firm for a firm like
Clyde Travel Management it possess a lot more importance as it assists it to do its operations in
an effective way so that it can beat the rigorous competitions that it prevailing in the industry by
using suitable tools and techniques (Lapoint, 2018).
TASK 3
P4. Detailed elaboration of the changed management models and their implications so as to
support the strategies of HR
Change is the foremost thing in the business environment which is prevalent in the current
scenario as it gives every business a chance to change according to the circumstances so that it
can sustain in the environment so as to beat competition and prosper in the market. Clyde Travel
Management also uses some of the models that are prevailing in the current circumstances and
all of them are explained briefly below-
Kotter’s 8 Step change Model- It is a model in which 8 steps are included so that after it
a change can be implemented in the business which can help it to sustain in the long run and all
the steps are explained below with context of the firm Clyde Travel Management-
 Step 1- In the first step as it involves creating a sense of urgency in the workplace so that
the all the activities that are done must be done towards a single objective that is to attain
the goal of the organisation.
 Step 2- In it a vision is formulate that can help the company to achieve and accomplish
its task effectively and efficiently and that too within a limited period of time.
 Step 3- In this stage a vision is develop after doing analysis and evaluation of all the
aspect that impacts the working of the business so that it can help the company to grow in
the competitive business environment (McIver, Lengnick-Hall and Lengnick-Hall, 2018).
 Step 4- In it the developed vision is conveyed throughout the enterprise so that each and
every individual can understand the role and responsibility in the company.

 Step 5- This step involves empowering all the employees that are working in the
organisation in terms of the vision that has been developed above so that all the energy
can be directed towards a single goal.
 Step 6- In this step short term goals are generated so that at every stage an environment
can be created that some sort of accomplishment is done which will subsequently
increase the motivation level of the employees.
 Step 7- This includes sustainability of the vision so that it can be implemented on a larger
scale which can further help the company to prosper in the market.
 Step 8- In this step a permanent change is made so that the vision that is developed above
can be used in an impactful manner in the firm.
Clyde Travel Management also uses the above steps in its organisation as it has proved very
beneficial too for it in the long run and has became an integral part of the company (Naim and
Lenka, 2017).
Lewin's Theory- It is a three step process in which there are mainly 3 stages namely
unfreeze, change, and refreeze that says that firstly prepare a change that an organisation wants
to implement in it. Secondly implement the desired change in the company that was prepared

earlier and lastly solidify the above change in the firm so as to evaluate and analyse the true
positioning of the enterprise.
Clyde Travel Management use this theory and also regard it as one of the most important
as it helped it to make and implement necessary and appropriate changes in the company that
proved very beneficial for it in the long run scenario.
M3. Providing necessary justifications regarding the above change models that are explained
Clyde Travel Management mainly uses both the change theories as both carriers different
importance to the firm and it use them according to the circumstances that are prevailing in the
current market situation so that it can add to the value of the company in the market
(Phongsakorn and RATTANAPONGPINYO, 2019).
D3. Evaluation of the change management models
These models of change management helps a company like Clyde Travel Management to deal
with all the aspects of the company in an impactful way so that every change that has been made

with the help of different theory must be implemented in a successful manner so that it can prove
useful and beneficial for the enterprise at the same time.
TASK 4
P5. Identification and explanation of the aspects that are used to measure and monitor HR
outcomes
There are various ways by which it can be measured and monitor and it has to be done in
an accurate manner because it is very crucial for every firm and especially for a company like
Clyde Travel Management. HRM mainly supports sustainable growth of business because it is
very critical to survive in the industry and that too in an effective and efficient manner and there
are different tools for it that are explained below-
 Bench marking- In it a standard is set and all the activities are directed towards a similar
goal and this helps to achieve that effectively and within a limited time frame and Clyde
Travel Management use it in a very precise way as it set its standards high and
accomplish that too in an efficient manner (Shahsiahi and Naghsh, 2018).
 KPI- Key performance indicators help the business to make decisions by comparing it
with different firms that are operating in the similar market and Clyde Travel
Management also analyse this very accurately and it is one of the reason behind the
success of the company in the long run.
 Best fit- In this the best alternative from the number of alternatives that are prevailing in
the market is selected with the hope that it can prove beneficial for the company and
Clyde Travel Management recruits a specialised team in this regard so that each aspect
can be understood in detail so as to select the best one for the firm’s growth and
development.
P6. Identification, analysis, and evaluation of the effectiveness of the HR management that can
help in achievement of company’s objectives in the long run
Management of HR and its development is one of the most crucial and essential things as it
helps in recruiting skilled personnel’s in the organization that are experienced enough to carry
out all the tasks and activities of the company in an effective way adding to the value of the
enterprise so that it can stand ahead of its rivals. It also helps in optimum utilization of the
available resources by searching out methods to do each and every task with full conviction by

using latest technology that is prevailing in the current market which will subsequently benefit
the firm in the market and it will also help in development of the individual which is an asset in
the long run. Clyde Travel Management takes this aspect very seriously and thus it is one of the
reasons behind the immense success of the company in the market and that too in a very short
time period. Also the firm is performing its best in utilising the resources that are available in the
market and also use it in an impactful manner and thus helps the firm to grow and prosper in the
industry beating all the odds behind (Siekkinen, Pekkola and Kivistö, 2016).
M4. Evaluating appropriate suggestions for different techniques of HR development
The best technique that can be used by firms especially Clyde Travel Management is
performance appraisal as it helps in analysing the performance of the employee so that necessary
and appropriate measures can be take after it which is very crucial in the current time period
(Wilton, 2016).
D4. Examination of the evaluating and monitoring techniques of the HR that can help a firm to
attain sustainability in the market
Technique of performance appraisal helps a firm to improve its level of productivity which
is related with the individuals that are working there so that it can act as a tool of motivation too
which is a must in a big firm like Clyde Travel Management as it also helps in attainment of
goals and objectives that are laid at the starting within a short time frame (Xiao-nan, 2017).
CONCLUSION
From the above it can be concluded that human resource management is a wide concept and
thus required a lot of detailed research and examination to analyse and evaluate all the aspects in
an appropriate manner so that it can add to the value of the firm especially to a company which is
as big in size as Clyde Travel Management.

REFERENCES
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