Cocoa Industry Analysis and Challenges

The assignment provided is an in-depth analysis of the cocoa industry, focusing on Ghana's perspective over 70 years. It covers various aspects such as cocoa beans from tree to factory, constraints for future production, predicting climatic suitability, global value chains, and agrifood standards. The document also explores challenges like biodiversity threats in developing nations and competitiveness of Indonesia's cocoa beans export. Additionally, it provides information on intercontinental great brands, future chocolate market growth in EU countries, and strategies to cope with retailer buying power.

RUNNING HEAD: STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT 1
Strategic Management
Name:

Strategic management 2
Contents
Introduction 3
Summary of Côte d'Ivoire 3
Summary of Indonesia 4
Summary of Dominican Republic................................................................................................4
Summary of Peru 5
Summary of Mexico 6
Summary of Brazil 7
Summary of Cameroon 7
Summary of Ghana 8
Summary of Nigeria 8
Ans to Q2 9
References 10

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Introduction
The report is based on the cocoa industry in the 9 different places around the world. It describes
the different range of cocoa products that are available across the world and put forward the
various parameters in order to analyse the production of Cocoa. The PESTLE Analysis is one of
the important parameter that is used to attain adequacy in results.
Summary of Côte d'Ivoire
Political: The official Republic of Ivory Coast is a country in West Africa. The estimated
population in the country is 24.327 million for the year 2016.The government's revenue was
XOF 4176.62 billion whereas the expenditure was XOF 5014.75 billions
Economic: The Ivorian economy is mostly based on agriculture. The economy there is facing a
deficit in terms of expenditure made. The current account balance was estimated to be negative
at USD 0.774 billion for the year 2016. This indicates that the country is a net borrower from the
other country. It is evident to manage the challenges in order to attain goals that are productive.
It is significant in terms of considering the attainable goals.
Social: It is a socially complex country with migrants from different nation. It is therefore
difficult for managing the condition. Most of the population is dependent on producing cocoa.
The cocoa production is done in order to manage the changes and allowing effective needs.
Technological: The technological advancement in the field of cocoa production is limited which
is causing an extra burden on the management of resources (Machete, Li, Backline and Patricia,
2018).
Legal: The legal issues are therefore being sorted from the point of view of gaining adequate
results while suggesting better outcome. These legal factors are important enough for creating an
effective process which creates managing the changes.
Environmental: There are serious environmental concerns that need to be managed in order to
gain adequate response. It is necessary from the point of attaining adequate responsibility and
arranging adequate result.

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Summary of Indonesia
Political: They have a democratic government system. The president and vice president are
elected through the process of authenticating the long term adequate results.
Economic: The economy is medium and based on travelling and tourism. It is basically
important from the point of view of gaining explicit growth. The purpose is to manage the
changes and arranging the specific requirements of the economic changes and delivering the
promissory results.
Social: The society in Indonesia is largely dependent on tour and travelling. The cocoa planting
is another occupation that is been followed by the people living in Indonesia.
Technological: The principle is to attain the technological growth and matching up the
expectation to manage the development. It is evident from the point of gaining effective
technological growth in order to focus on the effective policies and growth (Bodart, Candelon
and Carpantier, 2012).
Legal: The legal environment is more of less focused on gaining effective from the point of view
of legal growth and development. In order to gain growth and adding effective legal
consequences that will certainly allow in matching up with the local economy.
Environmental: The environmental factors are given importance and there is certain strict legal
procedure. All these process are looked upon as one of the parameter in order to match up with
the environmental expectation (Deheuvels, et al 2012).
Summary of Dominican Republic
Political: The growth slowdown recorded in 2017 is set to continue in 2018. The growth will be
seen in the country due to tourism. It is due to the inflow of strong inflows of remittances from
expatriate workers.
Economic: Further there will be an enhancement in the economic growth and development. This
will certainly allow in managing the accurate results and appreciating well-being. It therefore
enhances the competitiveness of its tourist sector, which is expected to attract foreign
investments (Prest, 2014).

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Social: As a result of the 20% increase in the minimum wage in 2017. Inflation is continued to
hit the country in 2018. The bottom target range given by the Central Bank is (4% +/- 0.5%) thus
looks set to be reached.
Technological: This is somehow helping in gaining adequacy and attaining sustainable resources
in order to gain persistent result. The purpose is to attain the best possible results and locating
better aspects.
Legal: The legal environment is putting forward the long-term effective results that will help in
ensuring growth and different role and responsibility. It is very important from the point of view
of gaining effective aspects and generating fruitful results.
Environmental: The environmental factors are effective from the point of view of gaining
effective environmental growth. These factors are important enough from the point of view of
gained (Kongor, et al 2017).
Summary of Peru
Political: The sector is dominated by the service sector. The mining and the fuel industry adds
11.9% to the GDP. This industry plays a vital role in economic growth. There are number of
projects in the near future related to the infrastructure, health, and education. They are running a
project with a name “Vision 2016-2021” focusing on communications modern and sustainable
mining sector, and improved health (Fowler and Coutel, 2017).
Economic: This is evident from the point of guaranteeing a suitable growth in order to secure
effectiveness. The purpose here is to systematically attain the results. The most possible facility
is to manage the issues and allocating the most possible outcome.
Social: The social factors are important from the point of view of gaining effectiveness. It is
important to allow a better role in terms of understanding the effectiveness of the plan and
putting forward the details in order to gain effective purpose in terms of cocoa plantation (Lee,
Gereffi and Beauvais, 2012).
Technological: The purpose here is to sustain the changes and developing a suitable path in order
to coordinate the functions. It is possible to manage the changes that are important to undertake

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the Pestle analysis. This is important to manage the positive results and arranging the most
possible outcome (Läderach, et al 2013).
Legal: It is necessary for attaining the results in the best possible way. As per the report
presented in Reuters, The world cocoa sector is facing a structural surplus which is showing a
risk to the depressing global prices. After an increase in the price on a steady way it is important
to analyse the challenges in a fruitful way.
Environmental: For the reason, it is important to manage the environmental issues. This will
allow in managing the issues at a better pace. For the reason it is important to manage the growth
in order to facilitate concrete objectives (Rifin, 2013).
Summary of Mexico
Political: It is highly focused on infrastructure and to boost for the construction sector. The poor
work done in the political environment – dominated by cases of corruption – is unlikely to
facilitate the implementation of the structural reforms.
Economic: From the point of view of gaining better results and managing the better capacity it is
important to acquire roles and responsibilities. This process is important to manage the changes
in order to precede the development.
Social: The long political stability allow in maintaining a balance and allocating effective
results. The manufacturing unit is expected to grow in the country with a purpose to focus on
adding growth aspects.
Technological: There are further certain rules and regulations that allow in managing certain
prospects. These goals are important enough for maintaining the balance in order to understand
the behavior.
Legal: It is important for matching up with the expectations. This is important for gaining valid
scope and generating a better role and responsibility.

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Environmental: This is eventually important to understand the challenges. The facilities are
important to manage the facility and attaining the long-term growth. The purpose here is to
arrange the facility that will allow in allocating the results.
Summary of Brazil
Political: This is evident from the point of view of focusing over the social implementation of the
role and development.
Economic: It is necessary for generating better and focused results. From the point of view of
cocoa plant the purpose is clear that look after the growth. It is necessary from the point of view
of understanding the different aspects. The purpose of the plan is to manage the total outcome.
Social: The social and cultural value directly depending upon the different social factors that
enable long term growth.
Technological: The technological development is important enough for sustaining changes and
enabling effective work and growth.
Legal and Environmental: The different legal and environmental factors are important enough
for ensuring sustainable development and growth of Cocoa.
Summary of Cameroon
Political: The purpose is to manage the changes and arranging the specific requirements of the
economic changes and delivering the promissory results.
Economic: These economic changes are important for gearing up with the effective role and
pursuing the long term growth (Ruf, 2011).
Social: These social factors are imperative. A large section of the society is involved in cocoa
plantation.
Technological: The technological aspects are evident to manage better role and responsibility
and gearing up with the changes around.

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Legal and Environment: These factors are evident to provide with sustainable goal and
development. It is necessary for managing the adequate role and gaining competency.
Summary of Ghana
Political: It is important enough in order to understand the changes in the market. It is important
from the point of view of gaining adequate result and understanding the importance of cocoa
production around the world.
Economic: The Economic development is important to attain effective growth that will allow in
gaining results. It is necessary for generating the better economic aspect.
Social: The social factors are important to manage the growth and cultural aspect. These factors
are effective in terms of gaining aspect.
Technological: The technological factors are needed to be geared up in order to manage the
growth. It is necessary for maintaining the balance allows in arranging goals
Legal and Environmental: These factors are necessary for maintaining the balance and allowing
effectiveness. The purpose is to arrange the goals and attaining goals (Lenzen, et al 2012).
Summary of Nigeria
Political: Nigeria has been operating under uninterrupted civilian governments. It is working a
multi-party system with more than ten political parties.
Economic: The economic factors are important from the point of view of gaining adequate
results and attaining a level of effectiveness.
Social: The social factors are important from the point of view of societal growth and
development. It is necessary for gaining long term results.
Technological: The technological factors are evident to improve the productivity. The purpose is
to gain effective results and generating better concepts in order to organize sustainable results.

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Legal and Environment: The facilities are important to manage the facility and attaining the
long-term growth. The purpose here is to arrange the facility that will allow in allocating the
results (Dzahini-Obiatey, Domfeh and Amoah, 2010).
Ans to Q2
In order to gain a competitive advantage, Hershey has to manage the effective market changes by
accepting the analysis of global market. This is important enough for managing the competition
in the market and collecting the necessary scope(Baporikar,2015). Hershey has majority of
competitors that need to be managed in order to develop the scope. It is widely important for
managing the changes and aligning the resources in order to arrange the effectiveness. The
overall market competition is evident from the point of view of gaining effectiveness. The
purpose of the competition in the cocoa market and depreciating value and increasing number of
cocoa companies has developed a necessity for market effectiveness(Webber,2009). The purpose
here is to attain the global competition and allowing management of effective role and
responsibility. These purposes are important to manage the current situation and gaining a
competitive advantage. It is therefore important enough for maintaining a competitive
spirit(Segal-Horn and McGee, 2012). This will not only allow in maintaining a competitive
business and also helping in managing the organizational well being(Mistry and Krusch and
Intercontinental Great Brands LLC, 2011). Hershey has gained a market name in most of the
market that has helped in dealing with the situation in a better way. This will surely allow in
locating the best resources(Monotti, 2008). This report should include a synopsis of the group,
its holdings, current market position, and Five Forces Analysis. Americans on average spent
$56.80 on chocolate products during 2015, as per the report furnished by Euromonitor. The
amount of chocolate consumed last year by per individual is 9.5 pounds — down from nearly
12.6 pounds in 2006.

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References
Baporikar, N., 2015. Information Strategy as Enabler of Competitive Advantage. In Economics:
Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications (pp. 599-610). IGI Global.
Bogart, V., Candelon, B. and Carpantier, J.F., 2012. Real exchanges rates in commodity
producing countries: A reappraisal. Journal of International Money and Finance, 31(6),
pp.1482-1502.
Deheuvels, O., Avelino, J., Somarriba, E. and Malezieux, E., 2012. Vegetation structure and
productivity in cocoa-based agroforestry systems in Talamanca, Costa Rica. Agriculture,
Ecosystems & Environment, 149, pp.181-188.
Dzahini-Obiatey, H., Domfeh, O. and Amoah, F.M., 2010. Over seventy years of a viral disease
of cocoa in Ghana: from researchers perspective. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(7),
pp.476-485.
Fowler, M.S. and Coutel, F., 2017. Cocoa beans: from tree to factory. Beckett's Industrial
Chocolate Manufacture and Use, pp.9-49.
Kongor, J.E., De Steur, H., Van de Walle, D., Gellynck, X., Afoakwa, E.O., Boeckx, P. and
Dewettinck, K., 2017. Constraints for future cocoa production in Ghana. Agroforestry Systems,
pp.1-13.
Läderach, P., Martinez-Valle, A., Schroth, G. and Castro, N., 2013. Predicting the future climatic
suitability for cocoa farming of the world’s leading producer countries, Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire.
Climatic change, 119(3-4), pp.841-854.

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Lee, J., Gereffi, G. and Beauvais, J., 2012. Global value chains and agrifood standards:
Challenges and possibilities for smallholders in developing countries. Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences, 109(31), pp.12326-12331.
Lenzen, M., Moran, D., Kanemoto, K., Foran, B., Lobefaro, L. and Geschke, A., 2012.
International trade drives biodiversity threats in developing nations. Nature, 486(7401), p.109.
Mistry, A. and Krusch, L.E., Intercontinental Great Brands LLC, 2011. Interconnected
confectionery products and method of making and marketing same. U.S. Patent 7,947,317.
Monotti, C., 2008. Future chocolate market growth in four EU countries. British Food
Journal, 110(7), pp.671-690.
Mukete, N., Li, Z., Beckline, M. and Patricia, B., 2018. Cocoa Production in Cameroon: A
Socioeconomic and Technical Efficiency Perspective. International Journal of Agricultural
Economics, 3(1), p.1.
Prest, A.R., 2014. War economics of primary producing countries. Cambridge University Press.
Rifin, A., 2013. Competitiveness of Indonesia's cocoa beans export in the world
market. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 4(5), p.279.
Ruf, F.O., 2011. The myth of complex cocoa agroforests: the case of Ghana. Human
Ecology, 39(3), p.373.
Segal-Horn, S. and McGee, J., 2012. Strategies to cope with retailer buying power. Retail and
Marketing Channels (RLE Retailing and Distribution), 6, p.24.
Webber, M.J., 2009. Chocolate Marketing and Other Aspects of the Confectionery Industry
Worldwide. Industrial Chocolate Manufacture and Use, Fourth Edition, pp.636-655.