Literature Review and Corporate Social Responsibility

Study Skills for
Higher Education

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Essay................................................................................................................................................1
Literature review..........................................................................................................................1
Literature review on corporate social responsibility...................................................................2
Report...............................................................................................................................................3
Ability to summarise and evaluation of previous work ............................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCE...................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Study skills, study approaches and academic skill are the part of learning and getting
experience. It basically started from school life that considered essential for obtaining good
grades and helpful from learning throughout individual's life. Moreover, study skills are basic
form of learning new things and helps to applied in daily life. The main purpose of this report is
to understand the importance of study skills that helps to get higher education and make a
independent person (Atmatzidou and Demetriadis, 2016). This report will covered various topics
such as literature review and corporate social responsibility that helps to participate in society
contribution and work for development of country. Moreover, this report will covered
investigation of previous work that relates to research problem.
Essay
Literature review
A literature review is the area of research that includes book survey, scholarly article and
any other relevant sources relates to a particular issue or theory that helps to understand research
problems. Theses research problem should be investigate by scholars. Moreover, this is a type of
examination article that involves knowledge and experience including meaningful findings that
creates a theoretical and methodological participation in to a particular topic. Scholars review the
article and find out the problems during research and get solution by reviewing. Review is a
survey of whole subject or problems that helps to get ideas and knowledge about further
learning. It can be achieve successfully by finding the problems and collection of information
that is necessary for review literature. It also helps to learning new and innovative ideas through
discussion from other person (Bell, 2016). For getting good result a literature review should be
analysis and evaluate time to time. For achieving literature review scholars follows various steps
such as-
Find a working topic: This includes a topic on which research is needed that should be a
continue or working. Scholars finds working topic and problems during research.
Review literature: Researcher or scholar review the topic and prepare the questions and
methodology for further research or solving problems.
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Focus on topic and select papers accordingly: It includes concentration and purpose on
which review is needed and select papers to start the research. It finds methodology and
techniques to examine the literature by using database and information.
Read the selected article: Scholars read the article or report and prepare a report by
remembering all points and requirements while reviewing.
Organise the selected papers: This means researcher need to organise all selected papers
by looking for patterns and by developing the review technique.
Develop a working thesis: It means scholar need to develop a structure or thesis that
helps to give ideas and knowledge about reviewing literature.
The main purpose of literature review is to place each work in order to participation and
contribution to understand the research problem while studying. This is very important in daily
life because it help to connect individual with major ideas and truth in society (Shao and Purpur,
2016).
Literature review on corporate social responsibility
According to Flammer (2015), Corporate social responsibility leads to superior financial
performance that helps to show profitability situation. In present, there are having various
problems relates to environment and society . Corporate social responsibility is a part of business
so businessman need to fulfil the social responsibility. It is an obligation to people and planet
who are living within or outside of the business enterprises. Each businesses have various parties
relation such as employees, employer, government, suppliers, customers and environment.
Business have obligation to provide satisfaction to these parties is known as corporate social
responsibility. A researcher finds the problems and start research by reading and investigating
the problems during research (Glavas, 2016). It is the duty of every businessman to contribute
the some percent of earning income for social welfare. CSR is the ethical and legal responsibility
that enterprises should follow social laws and regulation which relates to social expectation of
business.
As per Grayson and Hodges (2017), CSR is a zero- sum game where organisation added
extra cost and regulatory burden. Social responsibility is useful to continue development by
providing economic, social and environmental welfare for stake holders. For instance, Tesco is a
multinational company that deals in retailer product and earning high profit margin, it contribute
two percent of its revenue that helps in development. Social responsibility includes school
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environment, run education institute, development project etc. In past time people were not
aware about CSR and its policies. Government has started to run programme to make aware
regarding social and environmental issues that helps to solve such problems by contributing in
CSR. People can contribute in partnership or in community and organisation would be socially
accountable to its stakeholders and public (Grayson and Hodges, 2017).
According to Singh (2016), Kautilya's philosophy all administrators including king and
good governance considered servant of people that helps to development and growth of
enterprise as well as country. As per philosophy business or king has not separate revenues
because it is the collection of all efforts for people and of the people. It is stated by author that
CSR activities provides an insurance such as protection against negative incidents happens also
define that it is not only influencing growth and development, but also affect the investment and
employment activities that helps to provide employment and create a sustainable competitive
advantages. Therefore, in order to maintain sustainable development and getting a high
reputation in competitive place, organisations presents CSR disclosers and reports that helps to
increase the company's reputation (Green, 2017).Since 1950s, CSR and its related term, such as
corporate social response, social performance and corporate citizenship conceptualised and
primarily originated from contrastive discipline of management. Now different scholars has
described the theme of CSR such as marketing stakeholder relation, social obligation, integrated
strategy and leadership that helps to review the concept of CSR driven by related management.
Report
Ability to summarise and evaluation of previous work
From review of previous work such as corporate social responsibility it has been
evaluated that many organisation think that CSR is a central problem for business and customer
satisfaction because it reduces the profit margin of companies and make liable for social
accountable. It was also challenging situation for government like as shrinking role of
government, increase customer interest, demand for larger discloser, supplier relation,
competitive labour markets, increasing investor pressure, enterprise's benefit and benefit to the
general public and community (Klonek and Kauffeld, 2015). Therefore, some companies
refused to contribute in CSR programme. In previous research some issues has faces such as
monitoring of corporate social responsibility, world economic forum statement, corporate
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reporting, green paper on CSR, integrated product policy, climate change, trade, benefits of
companies, environment and communities to participate in corporate social responsibility
programme. Companies were also facing problems to describe the contribution amount and
programme. Hence, organisation was not able to show their contribution and became accountable
for stakeholders (Seery, 2015).
According to Glavas (2016) CSR literature includes individual level of analysis that helps
to contribute in social welfare and growth of business. After reviewing this problem it has been
evaluated that CSR is social responsibility for each business and society play a vital role in
growth of business by purchasing product and services. Consequently, it is duty of organisation
to participate in CSR programme and to support government in growth and development (Lai
and Hong, 2015). In previous work the problem was facing that how to make understand
companies and government the value of CSR and in which project companies can contribute in
order to increase the reputation and goodwill of enterprise. After reviewing all the problems it
research that CSR give benefits to companies, society and environment such as-
For companies:
 It will help to improve financial performance of any organisation that helps to
show the needs and profits of enterprises.
 By contributing in social responsibilities brand image and reputation will increase
and customer would be happy to purchase branded product and services.
 People will be aware for purchasing good quality of products that helps to
increase sales and customer loyalty.
 Through contribution by enterprises operating cost will be reduce hence profit
margin will increase.
 By contribution and analysis market demand industry will manufacture good
quality of product and greater productivity.
 More ability to attract and retain staff by contributing in employees welfare fund.
 It will also help to decline regulatory or unwanted restriction oversights.
 Easy access to capital that helps to arrange working capital through contribution.
For community and society:
 Contribution will help to run effectively employee volunteer programmes that
helps to provide training and development education.
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 This will help to Charitable contribution and social welfare.
 Through contribution society will focus on product safety and quality of product
and services.
 It will also help to corporation involvement in community education and
employment.
 Social welfare and healthy environment.
For environment:
 Participation in social responsibility would be beneficial for greater use of
renewable resources.
 It helps to provide better product durability and functionality.
 Helps to integration of environment management tools in new business plan,
involving life cycle assessment.
In present scenario companies are growing rapidly and increasing profit margin by
maintaining records of contribution amount and getting reputation (Qian, and Clark, 2016).
Companies should apply research methodology that includes research paper of preliminary
research, based on secondary data sourced from article, news report, banner, magazines, media
reports, social media, journals, and other sources. It should follow some steps to achieve
corporate social responsibility like as-
Adopt a business code of ethics: Every enterprise should understand the responsibility
and liability to contribute in social responsibility by adopting a good code of conduct that helps
to understand the behaviour and demand of society.
Follow a workplace health and safety programme: It means companies need to adopt
or contribute for a good workplace where employees can work easily and conveniently
(Siriwardane, Low and Blietz, 2015).
Provide a safety environment: Industry should manufacture good quality of product and
services that helps to give protecting environment. By contributing in education and social
welfare programme employees will manufacture qualitative products.
Get supplier on board: An organisation should participate in corporate social
responsibility that will helps to get supplier on board and make profitable organisation.
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Be smart about donating money: This means an organisation need to be very smart and
maintain records of donating money. This will help to prepare the corporate social responsibility
reports and disclosers.
Do not green wash business: An organisation should use fair and honest techniques that
helps to reflect enterprise's integrity. There is need to ignore advertising or communication that
could be harmful and manipulative to society.
CONCLUSION
From above mentioned report it has been recommended that skills are most important for
each person that helps to learn new things and also helps to face the problems. Without having
skill a person can not survive in market place and will not be able to get higher education.
Corporate social responsibility is a managerial concept that helps to participate in social and
corporate welfare, therefore it is the duty of each enterprise that to participate in development
and growth of country through contribution that helps to increase living standard of people and
being liable for social welfare.
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REFERENCE
Books and Journal
Atmatzidou, S. and Demetriadis, S., 2016. Advancing students’ computational thinking skills
through educational robotics: A study on age and gender relevant differences. Robotics
and Autonomous Systems. 75. pp.661-670.
Bell, D., 2016. The reality of STEM education, design and technology teachers’ perceptions: A
phenomenographic study. International Journal of Technology and Design Education.
26.(1). pp.61-79.
Glavas, A., 2016. Corporate social responsibility and organizational psychology: An integrative
review. Frontiers in psychology. 7. p.144.
Grayson, D. and Hodges, A., 2017. Corporate social opportunity!: Seven steps to make
corporate social responsibility work for your business. Routledge.
Green, L., 2017. How popular musicians learn: A way ahead for music education. Routledge.
Klonek, F. E. and Kauffeld, S., 2015. Providing engineers with OARS and EARS: Effects of a
skills-based vocational training in motivational interviewing for engineers in higher
education. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning. 5(2). pp.117-134.
Lai, K.W. and Hong, K. S., 2015. Technology use and learning characteristics of students in
higher education: Do generational differences exist?. British Journal of Educational
Technology. 46(4). pp.725-738.
Qian, M. and Clark, K. R., 2016. Game-based Learning and 21st century skills: A review of
recent research. Computers in Human Behavior. 63. pp.50-58.
Seery, M. K., 2015. Flipped learning in higher education chemistry: emerging trends and
potential directions. Chemistry Education Research and Practice. 16(4). pp.758-768.
Shao, X. and Purpur, G., 2016. Effects of information literacy skills on student writing and
course performance. The Journal of Academic Librarianship. 42(6). pp.670-678.
Singh, S., 2016. Wise leadership in Kautilya’s philosophy. Philosophy of Management. 15(1).
pp.35-49.
Siriwardane, H. P., Low, K. Y. and Blietz, D., 2015. Making entry-level accountants better
communicators: A Singapore-based study of communication tasks, skills, and
attributes. Journal of Accounting Education. 33(4). pp.332-347.
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