Study Skills for Higher Education | Corporate Social Responsibility

Study Skills for Higher Education

Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................1
1. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................1
1.1 Literature Review..................................................................................................................1
1.2 Its purpose.............................................................................................................................2
2. Literature Review.........................................................................................................................2
2.1Definition of CSR according to the literature........................................................................2
2.2 What is known about this topic? Refer to studies on CSR and discuss................................3
2.3 Choose appropriate literature to mention at least 3 key issues relating to CSR...................3
3. Analysis........................................................................................................................................4
5. Recommendations........................................................................................................................5
6.CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................6
7. REFERENCES............................................................................................................................7

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Corporate Social Responsibility is business approach that helps in contribute towards
sustainable development through providing the social, environmental and economic advantages
to all the stakeholders. It helps in provide the positive affect on brand image of private firms. It is
movement within business that advocate larger social as well as ethical role for organisations.
This report consists detailed discussion on the literature review and also its purpose.
The second task of this report carried out analysis of opinions of different authors
regarding Corporate Social Responsibility in a detailed manner. Mainly it provides more benefit
to firm that can be derive through safeguarding interest of society.
1. INTRODUCTION
Corporate Social Responsibility refers to self- regulation business model that aids an
organisation to be socially accountable. It is wider concept that can take the several forms which
depending on firm and sector. It is a kind of international private business self-regulation. This
concept suggest that it is a responsibility of companies which are operating within society in
order to contribute towards social, environmental and economic development to develop positive
impact on the society (Kang, 2013). The major purpose of organisations to conduct Corporate
Social Responsibility is to determine positive impact on business by creating their better image
in mind of consumers in an effective way. Activities related to CSR help in forge stronger bond
among an organisation and staff members. They can enhance morale and also aids employer and
employee more connected in a better way. In this report will be discuss about the literature
review on Corporate Social Responsibility in a detailed manner. This topic is important because
it helps in develop the positive impact on people of society. Under this, organisations take
interest in the wider social problems as comparison determine impact on their profit margin. It
helps in attract more consumers which share same values. The main purpose of conducting this
report is to understand concept of Corporate Social Responsibility and determine its related
issues in an detailed manner.
1.1 Literature Review
It refers to narrative kind of review articles. It is scholarly paper that consist current
knowledge consisting the substantive findings and theoretical contributions to specific topic. It
explains the published information in specific subject area within particular time period. Under
1

this, the information and data is collected by using the secondary sources for an instance books,
journals, articles etc (Booth, Sutton and Papaioannou, 2016). These are helpful in provide the
accurate as well as reliable information regarding the particular research area in a detailed
manner. Under this, most of the often are related with the academic-oriented literature for an
instance reviews are to be found in the academic journals. On the other hand, literature reviews
are basis for an investigation in each academic field. For collecting the data, opinions as well as
view points of authors are considered in a better manner. The literature review is like a handy
guide that provides accurate information regarding the specific topic. If there is a limited time to
conduct an investigation then it provides the overview as stepping stone.
1.2 Its purpose
Literature review has organisational pattern that help in combine the synthesis as well as
summary. Under this, conducting the literature review is means of demonstrating the knowledge
of an author regarding specific area of study consisting key variables, phenomenon and
vocabulary (Thongrong and et.al., 2014). The main purpose of literature review is determine
specific issues by collecting information and data through various sources for an instance books,
articles, journals etc. the literature review helps in collect available sources which are related to
the topic of research. It gives foundation of the knowledge on the particular topic and i.e. its
Corporate Social Responsibility. It helps in determine areas of the prior scholarship in order to
prevent the duplication and also provide credit to the other investigators. This part is helpful in
resolve the conflicts among contradictory past studies. It is report on ideas and knowledge that
have been conducted on specific topic consisting their weaknesses and strengths while allow to
search agreed academic views on topic. It is helpful in understand the relationship among
different contributions, determine as well as resolve contradictions and determine the gaps
among questions.
2. Literature Review
2.1Definition of CSR according to the literature
According to Blowfield, CSR do not have any specific meaning. This is considered as a
changes as per the various business environment aspects such as external parties of the firm,
general people as well as internal factors. Additionally, as time pass concepts of CSR have also
changed. At starting time, this was limited to the context of company. During nineteenths, firms
2

such as Norsk Hydro, see that CSR a contribution to society. Now a days, corporate social
responsibilities involves the whole business environment factors where organisation exists. Also,
this includes the sustainability of CSR that is affiliated to keeping this model for longer duration.
In today's context, it is straightly connected with the financial as well as non financial
performance (Hilson, 2012). It is so if a company have better reputation in the society because of
effectual plans and policies of CSR then it will effects it profit. On the other hand, in case its
workers are satisfied with corporate social responsibilities then they will be encouraged for
accomplishing the objectives of the firm.
2.2 What is known about this topic? Refer to studies on CSR and discuss.
As per the Gatti and Snehota, CSR is straightly connected with the company brand
image. It is possible because if whole business environment aspects are satisfied with firm then
there will be chances of brand image as well as goodwill into minds of whole factors. Also, firm
are ascertaining the corporate social responsibilities policies and plans. By involving whole
factors such as general people, shareholders and so on. Now CSR have the versatile attributes
and significance, initially this was just a manner of accomplishing accountabilities towards
society but currently it is considered as essential part of strategies. Because of absentees of CSR ,
organisations are not able to sustain into surroundings effectively. In respects of economic
development, corporate social responsibilities is playing significant role as firm pay the tax
regularly as per the CSR policy then this will assists in development of nations.
2.3 Choose appropriate literature to mention at least 3 key issues relating to CSR
According to Windsor, Corporate social responsibilities is considered as a type of
structure which assists firms in accomplishing the accountabilities towards business
environment. Few organisations does not comply it properly and it outcomes in problems or
difficulties. Therefore, some of the issues regarding CSR are mentioned below:
Prevent from tax pay: Many firm avoids itself from tax paying upon gained income
which effects the nations economic development. In case organisation do not pay tax then it raise
as a problems of CSR.
Poor working conditions: This is also considered as a working environment that
involves various factors such as work area, workers rights and duties and many more. In case
firms put the staff into typical working environment then this represents that company is not
3

considering the corporate social responsibilities plans regarding accountabilities towards the
workers (Skudiene, 2012).
Inequality at workplace: It is considered as a type of issues that incurs because of
unequal or not properly behaviours from the workers. This arise due to gender, income, religion
and so on. It effects the staff member in negative manner. Also, this shows that firms are not
accomplishing its responsibilities towards the personnel.
3. Analysis
As per the Hilson, CSR is normally combined in assisting the developing nations towards
development. It is so if industries of specific nation forms the policies as well as plans of
corporate social responsibilities according to society and people of the country then this aids into
development. Because of this firms pay taxes for the improvement of nations. On the other
hands, if companies are creating the CSR for its personal objectives then this will not only harm
the organisations but also its nation's economic development.
According to Lioui, Companies financial performance depends upon various factors as
well as one of the essential factors is CSR. In case firms are executing the corporate social
responsibilities as a crucial part of its strategies then this will assists them in effective financial
performance. It is possible because in case organisations are accomplishing the whole
accountabilities towards firm external parties, society as well as for internal parties then this will
effects their profit. Especially if workers are satisfied with the policies and plans of corporate
social responsibilities then they will perform with motivations and effectiveness.
As per the Whetten and Mackey, Formulation of CSR regulation and norms is not the
task of individual person. This needs the coordination of whole firm's members. Also, leaders
should be actively participating while preparing and creating corporate social responsibilities. In
the absence of it, CSR model cannot execute effectually (Mackey and Whetten, 2014). For
example: in case firm is formulating corporate social responsibilities in the presence of the
leaders then its model will be effective for whole business environment aspects.
According to Skudine, CSR contributes the firms in encouraging the workers towards
goals. It is so because if corporate social responsibilities is directed towards the company's
personnel then whole workers will be encouraged. Effectual CSR involves the employees
welfare and developed working environment. For example: in case firm is formulating CSR
model excepts workers then in future they will not successful. Because of this its staff will not
4

perform its work as well as duties effectually and it can harm firm and outcomes in loss.
Therefore, it is essential to encourage workers by developing Corporate social responsibilities as
per the factors of business environment.
According to Boeprasert, firms required the credits for various purposes but this depends
upon company's credit rating that how much loan it can obtain. In this CSR plays essential role
in developing credit ratings of organisations. In case firms are accomplishing its responsibilities
towards society so goodwill will increase then it score of credits will be high. Thus, credit rating
is connected with the corporate social responsibilities performance (Boeprasert, 2014).
As per Kang, Model of corporate social management assists the firms into management
earnings. It is so because if organisation are concentrating upon CSR strategies in various
environmental aspects then it can gain more revenue and goodwill. For it, this is crucial that thet
are accomplishing its accountabilities or not. Thus, corporate social responsibilities aids the firms
in earnings of management.
5. Recommendations
There are some recommendations related to Corporate Social Responsibility mention
below:
 It is necessary that firms should consist all their stakeholders while conducting the
Corporate Social Responsibility related activities.
 If company require to develop strong or positive relation with its stakeholders then it
should conduct some effective CSR activities for an instance forming an alliance with the
non- governing companies. It will help in increase positive image of company in front of
its stakeholders (Lioui, 2012).
 Firms should be focus on solving social as well as environmental problems that helps in
improve their business operations.
 Execution of the Corporate Social Responsibility related activities is kind of the social
welfare that help in resolve the social issues, on the other hand, it is helpful in make
improvement in performance of an organisation so that the staff members feel satisfied
and also feel that they are the valuable part of firm.
 There is a need to organisations to connect the purpose of business with CSR.
5

6.CONCLUSION
It has been concluded from the above mention report that CSR is wider concept that can
take the several firms, which are depending on sector and company. The private firms conduct
the Corporate Social Responsibility to develop positive impact on business by conducting some
of the social activities for people. In this report has been discussed about the literature review
that helps in determine the solutions of arisen issues by collecting data from secondary sources.
Under this, main key points that has been discussed about Corporate Social Responsibility,
literature review and also its purpose. It will help in future in conduct any kind of information
and it helped in enhance skills as well as knowledge of an investigator in an effective manner.
6

7. REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Booth, A., Sutton, A. and Papaioannou, D., 2016. Systematic approaches to a successful
literature review. Sage.
Thongrong, C. and et.al., 2014. Current purpose and practice of hypertonic saline in
neurosurgery: a review of the literature. World neurosurgery. 82(6). pp.1307-1318.
Hilson, G., 2012. Corporate Social Responsibility in the extractive industries: Experiences from
developing countries. Resources Policy. 37(2). pp.131-137.
Lioui, A., 2012. Environmental corporate social responsibility and financial performance:
Disentangling direct and indirect effects. Ecological Economics. 78. pp.100-111.
Mackey, A. and Whetten, D., 2014. Taking responsibility for corporate social responsibility: The
role of leaders in creating, implementing, sustaining, or avoiding socially responsible
firm behaviors. Academy of Management Perspectives. 28(2). pp.164-178.
Skudiene, V., 2012. The contribution of corporate social responsibility to internal employee
motivation. Baltic journal of management. 7(1). pp.49-67.
Boeprasert, A., 2014. Does corporate social responsibility (CSR) improve credit ratings?
Evidence from geographic identification. Financial Management. 43(3). pp.505-531.
Kang, F. C., 2013. Corporate social responsibility and earnings management: Evidence from
Asian economies. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental
Management. 20(2). pp.95-112.
Online
Literature review definition. 2018. [Online]. Available Through
<https://guides.library.bloomu.edu/litreview>
7