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Surgical Site Infection (SSI)

   

Added on  2021-06-17

13 Pages3162 Words58 Views
Running head: SURGICAL SITE INFECTION SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONName of the student:Name of the University:Author note:

1SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONSBackground of Surgical site infection:The current study focuses upon the aspect of surgical site infections (SSIs) and theoverall impact produce by it on the present healthcare system. The infections occur at the siteof surgery due to exposure to pathogens. The pathogens to which an individual in exposedover here consists of bacteria and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. It have beennoted that atleast 5-11% of the people undergoing surgeries are the under the fear ofdeveloping surgical site infections (Carvalho et al., 2017). The severity of the infections mayrange from simple wound discharge to development of pressure ulcers. In the present context,high rates of central line associated blood stream infections (CLABSI) have been seen tooccur which has resulted in increased care burden for the hospital.The centre for Disease control have found out that in the year 2011 itself there were157,500 cases of surgical site infections. Between 2006-2008, 16,147 SSIs were notedfollowing 849,659 operative procedures (Donovan et al., 2016). The CLABSI are seen tooccur at the rate of 0.8 per 1000 patients admitted and have been seen to significantlyincrease the number of hospital stay days. It has been noted that in 75% of the complicationsarising out of surgical site infections the patient has faced near death experience (Mimoz etal., 2015). Some of the effective procedures which have been implemented within thepresent context are active documentation along with provision of sufficient training to thehealthcare professionals looking after the patient within the intensive care units.As suggested by Semple et al. (2015), the surgical site infection has been seen toincrease the number of hospital inpatient days along with high rates of readmission. A limitedinfrastructural setup has been seen to make accommodation and treatment availabilitydifficult. The culturally and linguistically different background has been seen to influence therelationship that exists between the patient and the healthcare professionals. As mentioned by

2SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONSTuuli et al. (2016), the communication gap which often arises within a multilingualhealthcare setup have been seen to affect the end quality of the treatment.The assignment focuses to identify effective intervention to control the surgical siteinfection to reduce the prevalence in an effective manner. In this regards the paper willdevelop PICO question and identify relevant evidences to provide a proper recommendationto address the PICO question. The following paper will also provide the implementationprocess of the recommendation, strategy to involve stakeholders, barriers in the process ofimplementation and process to measure the outcomes.PICO table:AttributesFactorsP (patient/problem)Surgical patientsI (intervention/indicator)Using glycemic management and hypothermiamanagement process to reduce SSI.C (comparison) Traditional methods of treatmentO (outcome)Reduction in the risk of SSI.PICO Statement:In surgical patients hypothermia management and glycemic management interventions ascompare to traditional treatment method reduces the risk of post-operative surgical siteinfection.Methodology:In order to collect sufficient data a number of secondary databases had been tapped bythe researcher such as Google scholar and PubMed. Additionally, a number of keywords havebeen applied over here such as ‘surgical site infections’, ‘economic burden due to Surgicalsite infections’, ‘health implications of surgical site infections’. Therefore, apart from thekeywords which have been used over here, no additional searches have been taken into

3SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONSconsideration. The articles which have been published within the last 10-12 years only havebeen taken into consideration. From 15 odd articles, four research based articles (level I) andthree non-research based articles (two articles- level IV and one article- level VII) have beenfurther taken into consideration for the purpose of evaluation. From the selected articles tworesearch articles and two non-research articles are described here.Research asrticles:1.Domingos, C., Iida, L., & Poveda, V. (2016). Glycemic control strategies and theoccurrence of surgical site infection: a systematic review. Revista Da Escola De EnfermagemDa USP, 50(5), 868-874. doi: 10.1590/s0080-623420160000600022The researchers have used systemic review of 8 relevant studies to answer theresearch articles. Continuous infusion of insulin during surgery to control glycaemia has beenmeasured by the researchers and it has been identified that controlling glycaemia is one of themost effective interventions to reduce the risk of SSI in surgical patients.2.Sessler, D. I. (2016). Perioperative thermoregulation and heat balance.TheLancet,387(10038), 2655-2664.The researchers have used systemic review and reviewed previous literatures fromMEDLINE published within 2000 to 2014. Thermoregulation and heat balance duringperioperative period. It has been found that hypothermia may leads to the risk of surgicalcomplication, thus core temperature need to be monitored during anesthesia and patient needto be kept normothermic in order to reduce the risk of surgical site infection.Non-research articles:

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