Positivism in Sociology Part A: Definitions

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Sociology
PART A: DEFINITIONS
1. Positivism: This refers to a system that is philosophical towards the recognition of things
that are scientifically verifiable or a system capable of mathematical and logical proof
thus, rejecting theism and metaphysics.
2. Feminist: One who supports feminism or movements and parties with a common social
goal or ideas.
3. Social facts: An idea of statement that originates from a culture of a particular society and
of which affects the attitudes and behaviour of a particular member or members of that
society.
4. Validity vs. reliability: When a test measures what it is intended to measure, it is valid.
Otherwise, if the result of the test is not as intended, it becomes invalid. However, a
measurement is likely to be valid though not reliable or reliable and not valid. Therefore,
validity and reliability are independent of one another.
5. Social marginality vs stigma: Stigma refers to the discontent or disapproval (in extreme)
of an individual or group on grounds that are socially perceived while social
marginalization refers to pushing a given group of individuals to the society’s edge by
denying them the identity or active voice.